INSTRUMENT FUNCTION PICTURE

CUTTING AND DISSECTING INSTRUMENTS

1. Dissecting - It is used for tearing
Probe connective tissues.
- It can also be used by
feeling the structures like
vessels and nerve
2. Scalpel - It is use to cut and reflect
the skin.
- It is used to cut the tissue
and dissection of tough
connective tissue.
- It is used to divide the
vessels, pedicels and other
structures.
3. Dissecting - It is used for blunt
Forceps/Thu dissection (i.e., for pulling
mb Forceps or tearing instead of cutting)
- It is used to grasp, lift and
hold the tissues.
4. Scissors - It is used in cutting and
sectioning of tissues
- It is used to cut tough
structures like tendons,
ligaments, etc.
5. Haemostatic - Hemostatic forceps are used
Forceps/Arter on artery, veins, and
y Forceps capillaries
- It is used for strong grasping
and holding and catching
- Hemostatic forceps is
designed specifically to
catch/clamp and to crush the
tissue

6. Needle - It is used to hold the needle

Holder

7. Needle - It is used to suture the skin,

subcutaneous tissues,
 connective tissues, and other
structures
- It is also used to fix the
structures together
- It is also used to ligate
around the tubular structure

RETRACTING AND EXPOSING INSTRUMENTS

8. Skin Hooks - It is used to retract the soft
tissues and is an essential
piece of equipment used in
daily skin operations such as
scar revision, wound
closure, tumor removal, and
facial deformities.

9. Senn - Double ended retractors

used in surgical procedures.
One end is typically L
shaped, and the other has
three bent prongs. The
pronged ends come in sharp
and dull tips.

10. Cushing Vein - It is a surgical device used

Retractor to isolate the corners of an
incision and to maintain
underlying organs and
tissues in place. It moves so
quickly that bodily areas
under the opening point can
be reached.
11. Volkman - It is a hand retractor that is
widely used in minor bone
and joint surgeries. The
Volkman retractor comes
with 1 to 6 prong tips that
can be sharp or blunt
depending on the surgical
location and tissue type
being retained.
12. Army Navy - It is a basic surgical
instrument included in most
minor and major surgical
set.
- It is used to retract shallow
or superficial incisions.
From small wounds to
abdominal operations.

13. Malleable - Used to retract deep wounds.

(Ribbon) May be bent to various shapes
to assist in holding back tissue.
- The blades are available in a
variety of sizes depending on
the surgeon's need and are
commonly used during orbital
dissection to keep orbital fat
out of the surgical field.

14. Richardson - It is a handheld medical

instrument used to retract
abdominal or chest
incisions. Used for holding
back multiple layers of deep
tissue. This is one of the
most common general
retractors.
- Such retractors feature a
handle and a long shaft with
a wide hook, known as a
blade, at the end. Surgeons
use the blade to grasp soft
tissue such as skin, muscle,
or internal organs. Once the
soft tissue is secured, the
surgeon pulls and holds the
handle to keep soft tissues
back and away from the
surgical area.
15. Kelly - Kelly Retractor has a right-
angled blade that has a bent
crescent-shaped lip. This
retractor is commonly used
to pull back, or retract, the
edges of wounds in order to
 expose the surgical area.
Moreover, it is presented in
different blade sizes to adapt
to various scenarios. The
Kelly Retractor is available
with a grip handle, a lamb
handle, or a standard hollow
loop handle.
16. Harrington - It used to hold back tissue
and deep organs in the
abdomen. The retractor has
a heart-shaped blade, the tip
of the blade is thicker to
reduce trauma to organs.
The handle is a hollow
handle with a hook at the
bottom for a secure grip.
17. Deaver - It is used in thoracic and
abdominal surgery for
holding back muscle, tissue,
and bone. It allows the
surgeon to be able to reach
the underlying organs. It is a
thin, flat instrument with
curved ends. The curved
ends of the retractor are
placed at the edges of the
incision and held there by
hand or clamped into place.
18. Weitlaner - The instrument is shaped
like scissors with downward
pointing prongs at the tip,
with either sharp or blunt
blades, commonly used in
herniotomy, femoropopliteal
bypass, plastic surgery, bone
and joint procedures, and
mastoid surgery.

19. Cerebellar - It is a specialized instrument

that is used in neurosurgical
procedures. This tool can be
used for retraction of the
cerebellum, it is protected
from damage by placement
of cotton strips. There is a
 ratcheting mechanism that
allows the ring handles to be
locked at a certain width and
held there.

20. Gelpi - A self-retaining spreader used

for relatively small surgical
sites. This instrument is
distinguishable dute to the ends
of its arms being sharp points to
grip tissue.
- Often used in smaller surgical
sites. Common in spine surgery

21. Balfour - The Balfour retractor is a

Abdominal famous self-retaining
Retractor retractor that has been used
over the years during
laparotomy procedures. The
retractor consists of two
broad, curved-outward
blades and a central
retractor blade that are
mounted on a ratcheted bar.
The blades can be pushed
apart to open the incision
and the ratcheting device
holds them in place. The
central blade can be raised
or lowered to increase the
view of the surgical field, as
needed. A fourth arm can
also be added, if needed.
22. Bookwalter - The Bookwalter retractor. A
retractor is defined as a
device used by surgeons to
separate or hold back the
ends of a surgical incision,
mainly in the chest or the
abdomen.

CLAMPING AND OCCLUDING

23. Straight - These are used to control
Mosquito/Hal surface bleeders and handle
sted delicate tissue.
- Clamp skin, small blood
vessels and used to hold sutures
aside from pedia patients.
- It can be either straight or
curved

24. Kelly Clamp - This is used to clamp larger

blood vessels and tissues.
- It can also be used to control
bleeders in muscle tissue, to
pass drains and hold Kitner or
peanut sponges.
- It can be either straight or
curved. Curved Kelly is used
for peritoneum.
25. Crile Clamp: - This is used to control
Straight or bleeders in fascia, subcutaneous
Curved and muscular area. It can also
be used to tag sutures.
- It can either be curved or
straight.

26. Pean - Used for Gastrectomy

(Rochester-
Pean) Clamp
27. Right-Angled - This is used to clamp hard
 (Mixter/Disse to reach vessels and to place
ctor) Forceps sutures behind or around a
vessel.
- It is called “Tie on a passer”
when a right angle with a
suture attached.
- It is also used to hold a
peanut
28. Burlisher/Ton - A burlisher is used to clamp
sil hemostat deep blood vessels.
Burlishers have two closed
finger rings. Burlishers with
an open finger ring are
called tonsil hemostats.
Other names: Schnidt tonsil
forceps, Adson forceps.
29. Hemoclip - This tool can be used in any
applier with surgery and is more
hemoclips commonly seen in vascular
surgery to gain hemostasis,
the stopping of blood flow,
with the use of a hemoclip.
The tool should not be
squeezed with the hemoclip
until the desired vessel is
prepared and in the correct
position.

30. Carmalt - Larger than a kelly clamp

Clamp and often confused with the
Peon Clamp of the same
size; Carmalt clamps have
the characteristic jaw
structure pictured
- Used to clamp more delicate
tissue

31. Bowel clamp - Bowel Clamps or Intestinal

Forceps as they're also
known, are designed to be
non-crushing clamps to
temporarily occlude the
lumen of the bowel.
- Used for atraumatic
 clamping of the bowels in
abdominal surgery.

32. Debakey - It is used for blocking blood

Vascular from blood vessels. This
clamp clamp holds the desired
(stinsky section, and blood continues
debakey to flow through the
vascular unclamped side. It is highly
clamp) specific for use in
cardiothoracic surgical
procedures.

33. Bulldogs - It is used for stopping blood

flow during cardiothoracic
procedures the curved
pattern makes it suitable for
the clamping purpose.

GRASPING AND HOLDING

34. Kocher - A transverse serration and
the large teeth at the tips.
This enables the surgeon to
grasp and tightly hold
heavy, tough, or slippery
tissue such asfascia, bone,
and cartilage. The Kocher is
also known as an Ochsner
clamp.

35. Allis - It allows grasping and

holding without crushing.
They have multiple, tiny,
fine teeth that curve slightly
 inward. Allis clamps will
hold slightly heavier tissue
than Babcock clamps
because they have serrations
along their edges.

36. Bobcock - A curved fenestrated tip

without teeth. They are used
to grip or enclose delicate
structure such as bowel,
appendix, ureters, or
fallopian tubes. The smooth
edges and bowed shape
allow grasping without
penetrating, crushing, or
traumatizing tissue.
SUTURES
37. Plain Sutures - Components in this product
elicit moderate tissue
reaction during absorption
- Plain Catgut suture’s
absorption is complete by
70 days
- Plain Catgut suture is
absorbed more rapidly in
infected tissue than non-
infected tissue
38. Chromic - Components in this product
Sutures elicit moderate tissue
reaction during absorption
- Chromic Catgut suture’s
absorption is complete by
90 days
- Both Chromic and Plain
Catgut sutures are absorbed
more rapidly in infected
tissue than non-infected
tissue as well as when
coming in contact with
secretions exhibited in the
stomach, cervix and vagina
39. Nylon Sutures - It is a nonabsorbable,
braided, sterile surgical
suture.
- It has a high tensile strength
and forms very reliable
knots.

40. Silk Sutures - It is a nonabsorbable,

braided, sterile, surgical
suture.
- Composed of an organic
protein called fibroin.
- Easily passes through the
tissue and forms reliable
knots.