KNPC HVAC Design Criteria

Kuwait National Petroleum Company (K.S.C.) P6000CFP.000.10.76.
001
Clean Fuels Project 2020 REV B 20 Feb 2014
KNPC Contract No. NRP/PMC-0001/CNSL Page 1 of 30
Fluor Project No. A2WD
Project Specification
HVAC DESIGN CRITERIA
B 20-Feb-14 Approved for Design FW FW FW N/A

A 30Nov06 Approved for Design JAS RCS ACW N/A
Checked Approved Client
Rev. Date Description Orig.
By By Approval
Kuwait National Petroleum Company (K.S.C.)

Clean Fuels Project
Kuwait
Fluor Limited
Sugar Land, Texas
CONTRACT NO. SPECIFICATION NO. REV. NO.
NRP/PMC-0001/CNSL P6000CFP.000.10.76.001 B
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
Kuwait National Petroleum Company (K.S.C.) P6000CFP.000.10.76.001
Record of Revisions
Rev. No. Date Description

This specification had been modified and updated to match the CFP
A 30Nov06 project numbering system. Otherwise, it is identical to the old NRP
HVAC specification P4001NRP.00.10.76.001 revision C.
B 20-Feb-14 Revised clause 6.1.A , 6.2.A.2 , 6.2.B.1 , 6.2.C.1 , 10.4.A.
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 SCOPE ............................................................................................................................................ 4
2.0 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................... 4
3.0 DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................................... 6
4.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................................... 6
5.0 DRAWINGS AND SUBMITTALS .............................................................................................. 7
6.0 DESIGN BASIS ............................................................................................................................ 10
7.0 DESIGN DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS ................................................................. 13
8.0 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................................... 13
9.0 HEATING SYSTEMS ................................................................................................................. 16
10.0 COOLING SYSTEMS................................................................................................................. 16
11.0 HUMIDIFICATION / DE-HUMIDIFICATION ...................................................................... 18
12.0 VENTILATION AND EXHAUST ............................................................................................. 18
13.0 FILTER SYSTEMS ..................................................................................................................... 19
14.0 DUCT DESIGN CRITERIA ....................................................................................................... 21
15.0 PIPING SYSTEM DESIGN CRITERIA ................................................................................... 23
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
1.0 SCOPE
This scope defines the minimum requirements for design of heating, ventilating and air conditioning
systems for various building and room types.
2.0 REFERENCES
Referenced publications within this specification shall be the latest revision unless otherwise specified.
The following publications, standards and practices are to be used as guides in the design of HVAC
systems.
2.1 Design and Engineering Practice (DEP)
In this specification, reference is made to the following DEP publications. For project use, these
referenced DEPs shall be used in conjunction with its project variations as applicable.
00.00.20.10-Gen The Use of SI Quantities and Units
02.00.00.10-P6000CFP-000-PV Preparation and Microfilming of Technical Drawings
30.48.00.31-P6000CFP-000-PV Painting and Coating of New Equipment
31.10.00.31-Gen Noise Control (amendments/supplements to ISO 15664)
31.29.02.30-P6000CFP-000-PV Centrifugal Pumps
31.76.10.10-P6000CFP-000-PV Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning for Plant Buildings
34.17.00.32-P6000CFP-000-PV Design and Engineering of Buildings
32.30.20.11-P6000CFP-000-PV Fire, Gas and Smoke Detection Systems
32.31.50.13-P6000CFP-000-PV On-Line Process Stream Analysis – Analyser Houses
32.36.01.17-P6000CFP-000-PV Control Valves – Selection, Sizing and Specification
34.17.10.31-P6000CFP-000-PV Laboratories
2.2 CFP Project Specifications

P6000CFP.000.10.71.012 Building Criteria for Communications and Computer rooms
P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 HVAC Installation Specification
P6000CFP.000.10.76.003 Packaged Air Conditioning Units
P6000CFP.000.10.76.004 Central Station Air Handling Units
P6000CFP.000.10.76.005 Fan Coil Units
P6000CFP.000.10.76.006 Air Cooled Condensing Units
P6000CFP.000.10.76.007 Air Cooled Water Chillers
P6000CFP.000.10.76.008 HVAC Fans
P6000CFP.000.10.76.009 Chemical Filter Units
P6000CFP.000.10.76.010 HVAC Control Systems
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
2.3 American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA)
AIHA Z9.5 Laboratory Ventilation
2.4 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)
ASHRAE Handbook HVAC Applications

ASHRAE Handbook Systems and Equipment
ASHRAE Handbook Fundamentals
ASHRAE STD 52 Method of Testing General Ventilation Air Cleaning Devices
Used in General Ventilation for Removing Particulate Matter
ASHRAE STD 52.2 Method of Testing General Ventilation Air Cleaning Devices
for Removal Efficiency by Particle Size
ASHRAE STD 55 Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy
ASHRAE STD 62 Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality
ASHRAE STD 110 Method of Testing Performance of Laboratory Fume Hood
2.5 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
B31.9 Building Service Piping

B31.5 Refrigeration Piping
2.6 American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
Z9.2 Fundamentals Governing the Design and Operations of Local

Exhaust Systems
2.7 British Standards Institute (BSI)
BS EN 12729 Devices to Prevent Pollution by Backflow of Potable Water

Controllable Backflow Preventer with Reduced Pressure Zone
Family B Type A
2.8 The Instrumentation, Systems, and Automation Society (ISA)
ISA 71.04 Environmental Conditions for Process Measurement and

Control Systems: Airborne Contaminants
2.9 National Fire Protection Association Codes (NFPA)
NFPA 1 National Fire Prevention Code

NFPA 45 Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Chemicals
NFPA 90A Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems
NFPA 90B Standard for the Installation of Warm Air Heating and Air-
Conditioning Systems
NFPA 101 Life Safety Code
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2.10 Steel Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors' National Association (SMACNA)
SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standards-Metal and Flexible
2.11 Underwriter's Laboratory (UL)
UL 900 Standard for Safety Air Filter Units
2.12 International Building Code (IBC)
2.13 International Mechanical Code (IMC)
2.14 American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)

Industrial Ventilation Manual
3.0 DEFINITIONS
For the purpose of understanding this standard, the following definitions apply.
Refer to 31.76.10.10-P6000CFP-000-PV for HVAC definitions.
4.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
4.1 All documents, drawings, submittals and calculations required by this standard shall use SI units
of measure in accordance with DEP 00.00.20.10-Gen. Documents, drawings, submittals and
calculations shall also meet the requirements of 02.00.00.10-P6000CFP-000-PV.
4.2 Conflicts and Deviations
A. Any conflict(s) between this specification, DEPs, industry standards, and contract
documents shall be resolved at the discretion of Principal.
B. All requests to deviate from this specification shall be directed to Principal.
4.3 HVAC systems shall be designed in accordance with this specification, 31.76.10.10-P6000CFP-
000-PV, 34.17.00.32-P6000CFP-000-PV, IMC, and ASHRAE Handbook - Systems and
Equipment.
4.4 All HVAC systems shall comply with 32.30.20.11-P6000CFP-000-PV, ASHRAE 15 safety
requirements, NFPA 1, 90A, 90B and 101.
4.5 Equipment and material installation shall be designed to provide adequate clearance area to
facilitate service, maintenance and repair or replacement of components. Adequate headroom shall
also be provided for the egress area.
4.6 All HVAC systems shall be designed to meet the noise limits imposed by DEP 31.10.00.31-Gen,
31.76.10.10-P6000CFP-000-PV, this specification and the individual equipment specifications.
Sound attenuators, insulation or other means shall be provided to meet noise limit criteria. Refer to
the individual equipment specifications for additional noise requirements for equipment.
4.7 A disconnect switch shall be located within sight of and readily accessible from air-conditioning
and refrigeration equipment. The disconnect switch shall be permitted to be installed on the air
conditioning or refrigerating equipment located outdoors. The disconnect switch shall be located
on a wall or column for equipment located indoors.
4.8 Equipment or materials which are not specified in the DEPs, this specification,
P6000CFP.000.10.76.002, P6000CFP-000.10.76.010, or the individual equipment specifications
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
listed in section 2.2 shall require approval by Principal before their use in the design of HVAC
systems. Equipment and materials shall meet the requirements of 30.48.00.31-P6000CFP-000-PV
as applicable.
5.0 DRAWINGS AND SUBMITTALS
5.1 Submittal requirements shall include those listed in this section as well as additional submittal
requirements listed in the individual sections of this specification, P6000CFP.000.10.76.002,
P6000CFP.000.10.76.010, and the individual equipment specifications.
5.2 Product Data: Submit product data for each system and principal item of equipment as specified in
P6000CFP.000.10.76.002, P6000CFP.000.10.76.010, and the individual equipment specifications.
5.3 Shop Drawings: Submit shop drawings for each system and principal item of equipment as
specified in P6000CFP.000.10.76.002, P6000CFP.000.10.76.010, and the individual equipment
specifications.
5.4 Maintenance Data: Submit maintenance data for each system and principal item of equipment as
specified in P6000CFP.000.10.76.002, P6000CFP.000.10.76.010, and the individual equipment
specifications.
5.5 Operating Instructions: Submit text of posted operating instructions for each system and principal
item of equipment as specified in P6000CFP.000.10.76.002, P6000CFP.000.10.76.010, and the
individual equipment specifications. The operating instruction shall include system descriptive
information and equipment operating instructions.
5.6 Training Program/Manual: Submit training program/manual for each HVAC system and building.
Submittal shall included references to relevant operating instructions, outline of proposed training
classes and manual for use by system operators. Refer to scope documents for details on training
requirements.
5.7 Drawings: Submit HVAC drawings including but not limited to the following:
A. General: Provide sections, elevations, and floor plans to show the work required.
Drawings shall indicate clearances required for maintenance. Show detail of supports,
other than standard duct supports, for example, equipment supports.
B. Legend and abbreviation drawing with an equipment schedule section (either as a
separate drawing or included as part of this drawing). As a minimum, schedules shall
include the information required by P6000CFP.000.10.76.002, P6000CFP.000.10.76.010,
and the individual equipment specifications.
C. HVAC system diagram indicating, as a minimum, control components such as:
1. Motorized volume dampers
2. Thermostats and humidistats
3. Control panels
4. HVAC equipment
5. Safety shutdown devices including duct smoke detectors, fire alarm panel,
combustible gas detectors, and toxic gas detectors. This drawing shall be
schematic in nature.
D. HVAC plan drawing(s) shall include, as a minimum, information such as:
1. Duct routing, size, and location
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
2. Pipe (chilled water, refrigerant, and cold condensate) routing, sizing and
location
3. Air device locations and air quantities
4. Volumes of air for each supply and exhaust air grille, register, and diffuser
5. Motorized and manual volume control dampers
6. Fire and smoke dampers
7. HVAC equipment
8. Control panels
9. Access doors and panels
10. Filters
11. Insulation thickness and location (internal or external)
12. Fresh air intake and location
E. Enlarged plans and sections shall be provided for clarity to indicate pipe and duct routing
where area is congested or scale of regular plan drawing is too small to represent routing
clearly.
F. Details showing information including, but not limited to, the following:
1. Cold condensate piping configuration
2. Chilled water, hot water and steam piping diagrams, as applicable, indicating
presence and relative location of strainers, valves, temperature gages, pressure
gages, air separators, pressure reducing valves, steam traps and other piping
accessories
3. Refrigerant piping diagrams indicating presence and relative location of sight
glasses, filter driers, expansion valves, solenoid valves, hot gas by-pass, and
other refrigerant piping accessories
4. Chilled and hot water coil connection details
5. Pump connection details
6. Chiller connection details
7. Duct and piping hangers
8. Outside air stacks
9. Equipment mounting, support or installation
10. Sand trapping boxes
11. Required equipment access areas shall be indicated by a dashed line on 2-D
drawings and by an obstruction volume in 3-D models.
G. Drawings showing or representing HVAC equipment shall include the equipment tag
number associated with the equipment.
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
H. Equipment Schedules
Equipment schedules shall contain all required data such as type of equipment,
quantity, temperature, medium handled, pressure, pressure drop, design condition, etc.
Area served and location shall be as shown on the drawing plans. Each item of
equipment schedule shall have the following, as applicable:
1. Equipment number
2. Air (water) quantities from each service
3. Equipment rpm
4. Unit type
5. Manufacturer and model number
6. Motor type, size, rpm, kW, volts/phase/hertz
7. Filter type, efficiency, size and pressure drop (clean/dirty)
8. Coil sensible heat, total heat, entering air temperature (dry bulb/wet bulb), and
leaving air temperature (dry bulb/wet bulb)
9. Chiller capacity, compressor input, entering water temperature, leaving water
temperature, water flow, pressure drop, ambient temperature, number of
condenser fans and motor sizes, and refrigerant type.
10. Pump capacity, total head, type, and duty
11. Fan type, capacity, static pressure, wheel diameter, drive interlocks, and
accessories
12. Duct heater airflow, capacity, stages, power, and control voltages
13. Air distribution size, symbol, duty, air pattern, and accessories
I. Provide detail equipment drawings including roof curbs, foundation outlines and loads.
J. Piping shall be indicated in isometric projection whenever possible. Refrigerated
chilled water piping shall be detailed in accordance with international standards
practice to show connection to equipment and clearance of piping in congested area.
5.8 HVAC Ductwork and Equipment
Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.002, P6000CFP.000.10.76.010, and the individual equipment

specifications for requirements.
5.9 Calculations
All calculations shall be in SI units in accordance with DEP 00.00.20.10-Gen.
5.10 Controls
Refer to P6000CFP-000.10.76.010 for specific control submittal requirements.
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
5.11 Electrical Schematic Diagrams
Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.010 for electrical schematic diagrams submittal requirements

associated with control systems, and P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 and the individual equipment
specifications for electrical schematic diagram submittal requirements associated with equipment.
5.12 As Built Drawings
Refer to 31.76.10.10-P6000CFP-000-PV and P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 for As-Built and turn over

drawing requirements.
5.13 Original Drawings
At the completion of the project, all original project drawings shall be submitted back to Principal.
6.0 DESIGN BASIS
6.1 Environmental Conditions
A. Climatic Conditions.
Ambient conditions for design of HVAC systems for all buildings on the Clean Fuels
Project are defined in 31.76.10.10-P6000CFP-000-PV, clause 3.4.
B. Indoor Design Conditions.
1. Table 2 on page 29 contains the minimum indoor conditions to be used for the
design of HVAC systems in the Principal facility.
2. HVAC system shall be capable of maintaining dry bulb and relative humidity
within the performance range given in Table 2
3. Indoor design conditions not listed in Table 2 shall comply with the
recommendations of the ASHRAE 55, applicable health and safety codes, and
equipment manufacture’s requirements.
4. Indoor air quality for areas housing essential process control equipment shall be
ISA 71.04 Class G1, or as required by control equipment manufacturer.
C. Ambient Air Quality
HVAC system shall be designed for the ambient air quality and will be defined based on
Project location.
6.2 Load Calculations
A. General Requirements
1. HVAC load calculations shall be in accordance with ASHRAE handbook
methods and shall not include more than 10% overall excess capacity due to
safety factors or reserve capacity requirements.
2. HVAC load calculations shall be performed at the ambient conditions defined in
31.76.10.10-P6000CFP-000-PV, clause 3.4.
3. Calculations may be either computer generated or hand calculated.
4. Overall building cooling and heating loads shall be calculated. Zoning,
exposure, and building mass shall be considered in heating and cooling
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
calculations. The air conditioning systems shall provide comfort conditions in

all the rooms throughout the operating periods. Each zone, room, orientation and
sensible load shall be calculated. A separate block load for each air handling
system shall also be calculated.
5. HVAC load calculations shall contain the following information as a minimum:
a. Wall, window and roof U-Factor calculations
b. Wall, window and roof areas and orientations
c. Outside and inside design criteria
d. Electrical load input data such as equipment and lighting
e. Outside or ventilation air quantity and condition of the air (wet bulb
and dry bulb temperatures)
f. Exhaust air quantities for the space (zone) served by the HVAC system
g. Entering and leaving coil conditions (wet bulb and dry bulb
temperature)
h. Total system supply air quantity
i. Supply air quantity to each of the rooms served by the HVAC system
j. Total and sensible coil load and space (zone) sensible load
k. Breakdown of the total and space sensible load due to solar loads, wall,
roof, and glass transmission, lighting, electrical equipment, people and
outside (ventilation) air
B. Cooling Loads
1. Cooling load shall be calculated in accordance with ambient conditions specified
in 31.76.10.10-P6000CFP-000-PV, clause 3.4 and the supply air requirements
shall be determined at these temperatures.
2. Load calculations shall consider all sensible and latent heat sources.
a. Sensible cooling load shall be calculated for building envelope, people,
lights, equipment, and for outside air that is introduced into the system
by air make-up or by infiltration
b. Latent cooling load shall be calculated for people, outside air, and any
process in which moisture is given up to the air.
C. Heating Loads.
1. Heating load shall be calculated in accordance with the ambient conditions
specified in 31.76.10.10-P6000CFP-000-PV, clause 3.4, and the supply air
requirements shall be determined at these temperatures.
2. Loads shall include heat losses from outside surfaces (roofs, walls, windows,
and raised floors), interior non-conditioned spaces (partitions, ceilings, and
floors), make up air, infiltration, duct and plenum losses.
3. The dissipated heat from personnel, lighting and electronic equipment, etc. shall
not be taken into account for heating capacity calculations.
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
D. Psychometric Charts
A psychometric analysis shall be provided for each air handler with the cooling/heating
load calculations. This analysis shall include but not necessarily be limited to:
1. Mixing temperature of outside and return air streams
2. Entering air conditions at coil
3. Leaving air condition at coil
4. Room design condition
5. Outside design condition
6. Entering air enthalpy at coil
7. Leaving air enthalpy at coil
E. Building Pressurization Calculations
6.3 System Consideration

A. Zoning
In large buildings such as Administration Buildings, consideration shall be given to
dividing the building into interior, exterior, and special zones (such as training rooms,
auditoriums, computer and communications rooms). Building orientation, interior
building loads, and the distribution of people shall be considered when dividing a
building into zones.
B. Control Systems
Detailed description of control sequence shall be provided for each HVAC system or
building. Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.010 for control system requirements.
C. Piping and Coils
Refer to Section 15 and P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 for piping requirements and individual
equipment specifications for coil requirements.
D. Humidity Control
Refer to Section 11 for humidification/de-humidification requirements.
E. Ventilation and Exhaust
Refer to Section 12 for ventilation and exhaust requirements.
F. Noise
Refer to Section 4.6 and ASHRAE Applications Handbook for noise criteria.
G. Water Treatment
Refer to Section 15.3 for water treatment system requirements.
H. Special Applications
Refer to Section 8 and specific project requirements for special applications.
I. Vibration Isolation
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 and individual equipment specifications for vibration

isolation requirements.
J. Building Pressurization Control
7.0 DESIGN DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS
7.1 Design Execution Specifications and Design Drawings shall be prepared for each building. These
Specifications shall include all mechanical design requirements for air conditioning and
refrigeration (HVAC). All applicable DEP and CFP requirements shall be covered in the design
documentation.
7.2 Specifications shall be complete and include work description, references to drawings and
standards, and description of construction materials.
8.0 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS
8.1 General Room Requirements
Refer to Table 2, Indoor Design Criteria for general design criteria by room description. Refer to
the sections below and individual project requirements for deviations from the General Room
Design Criteria, or additional specific room special design requirements.
8.2 Interface with Fire and Gas Detection Systems – General
A. Smoke detectors associated with the fire detection systems shall be installed in the
HVAC supply and return air ducting in accordance with NFPA 90A.
B. Gas detectors as applicable shall be provided at the fresh air intake, to monitor the
hazardous content of the ambient air. These shall be located outside, as close as possible
to the fresh air intake. Open/Close status of the damper located at the fresh air intake
shall be indicated on the HVAC control panel.
C. Air conditioning equipment shall be provided with equipment failure alarm at the HVAC
control panel, and a common trouble alarm signal generated at the control panel for
remote transmission to the respective fire alarm panel. On/Off status of each piece of
equipment shall be indicated on the HVAC control panel.
8.3 Interface with Fire Detection System
The following signals shall be exchanged between the HVAC and Fire Detection System.
A. Upon detection of fire, the fire control panel shall send a signal to the HVAC control
panel to shutdown the HVAC system.
B. The HVAC system common trouble alarm shall be transmitted to the respective fire
alarm panel.
C. A remote signal from the Main Fire Alarm Panel to shutdown individually or jointly all
building HVAC system(s), other than the Control Building and Analyzer Houses, and
Laboratory fume hood fans. The Control Building and Analyzer Houses shall be put on
re-circulation unless fire is detected in the building, where the requirements of 8.3.A shall
apply.
D. For Control Building and Analyzer Houses, confirmation and failure signals shall be
provided at the HVAC Control Panel and at the respective Fire Alarm Panel to indicate
the re-circulation status.
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
8.4 Interface with Gas Detection System
A. For buildings with gas detection provided in the fresh air inlet, upon detection of
hazardous and/or toxic gases at the fresh air intake, the Fire Gas Control Panel shall send
a signal to the HVAC control panel to put HVAC system in re-circulation mode and all
exhaust systems shall be shut down.
B. While in recirculation mode, if there is a build up or increase in hazard gas concentration
inside the building due to infiltration or high contamination surrounding the building then
complete shut-down of the HVAC system shall be actuated automatically.
8.5 Chemical Laboratories
A. Chemical laboratories shall have HVAC systems designed and operated in accordance
with the latest edition of:
1. ASHRAE HVAC Applications Handbook, Chapter on Laboratories
2. NFPA 45
3. ACGIH Industrial Ventilation Handbook
4. ASHRAE 62
5. ASHRAE 110
6. AIHA Z9.5
7. ANSI Z9.2, Chapter on Laboratories
B. Indoor air conditions such as temperatures, humidity, air change rates, and air quality
shall be per recommendations of ASHRAE HVAC Applications Handbook.
C. Air from laboratory work areas (not office areas) shall be continuously 100 percent
exhausted to the outdoors and the area shall be maintained at a negative pressure relative
to the adjacent areas. Air from laboratory work areas shall not be re-circulated into the
lab or any other areas (i.e., a once through system shall be provided for the laboratory
work areas).
D. Separate exhaust systems shall be provided for fume hood exhaust and utility exhaust.
E. Stand-by fume hood exhaust fans shall be provided where failure of exhaust system
might compromise safety or where research work is critical.
F. Each fume hood shall have its own exhaust ducting and shall be provided with its own
acid resistant non-sparking fan in accordance with 34.17.10.31-P6000CFP-000-PV.
G. Ductwork, hoods, fans, drives and other system components shall be designed and
selected to meet fire, explosion, corrosion, and acid resistant requirements of the
individual systems.
H. Design of Exhaust Hood
Fume hood shall be constructed of non-combustible, non-porous materials selected to
resist corrosion for the service intended and designed to meet the requirements of
34.17.10.31-P6000CFP-000-PV, AIHA Z9.5, ACGIH Industrial Ventilation Manual and
the ASHRAE HVAC Applications Handbook.
I. Fume Hood Test
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
Fume hoods shall be tested in accordance with ASHRAE 110.

J. Exhaust fans shall be located so the downstream ducts under positive pressure will not
pass through occupied areas.
K. Discharge ducts from exhaust fans shall be located to prevent re-circulation of
contaminants through air intakes, windows, doors, or other building openings. Exhaust
fans shall be sized to provide a minimum exhaust velocity of 15.25 m/s.
L. Automatic fire dampers shall not be used in laboratory hood exhaust systems. Fire
detection and alarm systems shall not be interlocked to automatically shut down
laboratory hood exhaust fans.
M. Fume hood exhaust systems shall be designed in accordance with the IBC, AIHA Z9.5
and ACGIH Industrial Ventilation Manual.
N. A DDC control system shall be provided to maintain required hood face velocity and to
ensure that lab areas are maintained at a negative pressure in relation to office work
areas.
O. Laboratory hoods shall be provided with local On/Off switch and shall be designed for
continuous operation.
P. Airflow indicators shall be installed on laboratory hoods and shall be in accordance with
the requirements of NFPA 45.
Q. Outdoor air requirements for ventilation shall be in accordance with ASHRAE 62.
R. Filtering efficiencies shall be in accordance with ASHRAE 52 and ASHRAE HVAC
Application Handbook.
8.6 Control Rooms
Refer to 31.76.10.10-P6000CFP-000-PV for Control Building Design Requirements

8.7 Communications Rooms and Communications Computer Rooms
A. The HVAC system shall maintain a positive pressure in these rooms with respect to
surrounding areas.
B. These rooms shall be provided with HVAC on a 24 hours per day, 7 days a week basis. If
the building HVAC system can not provide HVAC service to the communications room
on this basis, a separate unit shall be provided.
C. Sensors and controls for these rooms shall be placed 1.5 m above the finished floor and
shall be located in the rooms.
D. A special filtration system to control duct pollutants and contaminants may be required
for these rooms.
E. Refer to Table 2 and P6000CFP.000.10.71.012 for communications and computer room
HVAC requirements.
8.8 Standby Capacity of HVAC Systems
Refer to Section 10.5 for standby HVAC system requirements.
8.9 Indoor Air Temperature and Humidity Recording
Indoor air temperature and humidity recording shall be provided for control buildings, substations
and field auxiliary rooms in accordance with 31.76.10.10-P6000CFP-000-PV.
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
9.0 HEATING SYSTEMS
9.1 Duct mounted heaters shall be provided for those areas requiring heat or humidity control. Refer
to Table 2 for areas requiring heating for temperature or humidity control.
9.2 Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 for electric duct heater specifications.
10.0 COOLING SYSTEMS
10.1 General
A. The air conditioning system may take the form of the following:
1. Central system, such as water chillers, air handling units, fan coil units, chilled
water distribution piping, pumps and ducting, etc.
2. DX system, such as split or packaged, refrigerant piping and ducting, etc.
3. Room air conditioning system.
4. Any combination of 1 to 3 above.
B. Return air shall not be re-circulated from toilets, kitchens, smoking rooms, tea rooms,
locker rooms, break rooms with kitchen cooking equipment, ablution rooms and
maintenance shop floors where welding, painting or chemical handling is expected or
other areas where smoke and odors can be generated, for example chemical storage or
chemical handling areas.
C. Refer to individual equipment specifications for HVAC equipment requirements.
10.2 Packaged A / C System Criteria
A. Packaged A/C unit capacities shall be determined for the outside design condition at the
project location. If manufacturer’s published performance data does not include data at
the design temperature for the project location, consult manufacturer for performance
data.
B. Packaged A/C units shall be selected to provide the cooling capacity (sensible, latent and
total) required by the cooling load calculation and requirement for consideration of future
loads.
C. Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.003 for detailed packaged A/C unit requirements.
10.3 Split A / C System Criteria
A. Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 for refrigerant piping materials, insulation, and

accessories.
B. Air-cooled condensing units and air handling units shall be matched to provide the
cooling capacity (sensible, latent and total) required by the cooling load calculation and
requirement for consideration of future loads.
C. Air-cooled condensing unit capacities shall be determined at the outside design condition
for the project location. If manufacturer’s published performance data does not include
data at the design temperature for the project location, consult manufacturer for
performance data.
D. Split A/C system refrigerant piping systems shall be designed to:
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
1. Meet the requirements of ASME B31.5.

2. Assure proper refrigerant feed to evaporators
3. Provide practical refrigerant line sizes without excessive pressure loss.
4. Prevent excessive quantities of lubricating oil from being trapped in any part of
the system.
5. Protect the compressor from loss of lubricating oil.
6. Prevent oil slugs or liquid refrigerant from entering the compressor when idle or
operating.
7. Maintain a clean, dry system.
E. Refrigerant piping shall be sized with consideration to full load and part load conditions.
F. Suction piping shall be sized, sloped, and routed to ensure oil return to the compressor.
Gas velocities in the suction line shall be sufficiently high to move oil toward the
compressor in both horizontal runs and vertical risers with upward gas flow. Suction
piping shall also be sized to minimize pressure drop.
G. Where hot gas by-pass is required by individual building or project design criteria, the
by-pass shall be to the evaporator inlet. Where the evaporator coil is located above the
compressor or the hot gas must flow through a vertical riser to get to the evaporator, a
254 mm to 305 mm drain leg shall be provided at the base of the riser. An oil return line
shall be installed in the side of the drain leg and connected to the suction line to allow oil
return to the compressor.
H. Refrigerant suction lines shall be insulated to prevent sweating and loss of capacity due
to heat gain.
I. The following shall be included in the refrigerant piping system as a minimum:
1. Filter/drier
2. Sight Glass
J. Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.006 for detailed air cooled condensing unit requirements,
P6000CFP.000.10.76.004 for air handling units and P6000CFP.000.10.76.005 for fan coil
units.
10.4 Chilled Water A/C System
A. Air-cooled water chiller capacities shall be determined for the ambient design condition
defined in 31.76.10.10-P6000CFP-000-PV, clause 3.4. If manufacturer’s published
performance data does not include data at the design temperature for the project location,
consult manufacturer for performance data.
B. Air cooled water chillers shall be provided to ensure a suitable flow of chilled water to
allow an economical selection of heat transfer equipment with due regard to maintenance
of apparatus dew points.
C. Chilled water pumps shall be provided to ensure a suitable circulation of chilled water
between the water chillers and heat transfer equipment. Chilled water piping shall
normally be carbon steel. Copper tubing may also be used in small branch lines. Potable
water shall be used for chilled water. Refer to section 15 for additional chilled water
piping requirements.
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
D. Chillers shall utilize an environmentally friendly refrigerant (zero depletion). Chillers

shall not utilize a Chloroflurocarbon (CFC) refrigerant, Hydrochlorofluorocarbon
(HCFC) refrigerant, or other ozone depleting compounds as specified in the Montreal
Protocol. Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.007 for detailed water chiller requirements.
E. Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.004 for detailed air handling unit requirements, and
P6000CFP.000.10.76.005 for detailed fan coil unit requirements.
10.5 Back-up AC Requirements
Control Rooms, Auxiliary Rack Rooms, Substations, Switch Gear Rooms, Communications
Equipment Rooms as required, and Analyzer Houses shall be provided with back-up air
conditioning system in order to ensure 100 percent air conditioning is available in case of a unit
failure. Control systems shall be designed to energize the standby system on failure of the primary
system.
11.0 HUMIDIFICATION / DE-HUMIDIFICATION
11.1 Humidifiers shall be installed only in control room HVAC systems as required or as defined by
individual project requirements.
11.2 Where required by calculations, de-humidification shall be provided through the use of the cooling
coil with re-heat as required to maintain room design conditions.
12.0 VENTILATION AND EXHAUST
12.1 Outside Air Requirements
The minimum outside air requirement shall be based on the following criteria:
A. Outside air shall be sufficient such that building spaces meet the definition of acceptable
indoor air quality per ASHRAE 62.
B. In no building shall the total exhaust air quantity exceed the total outside air quantity.
Buildings shall be maintained at a positive pressure with respect to atmospheric pressure.
See section on chemical laboratories for possible exceptions in chemical lab areas.
C. Outside air shall be sufficient to maintain a positive static pressure of 25 Pa gage static
pressure inside of the building with doors and windows closed. Refer to section 12.2 for
exceptions and additional requirements.
D. Ventilation air shall be provided at a minimum of 10 L/s of outside air per person or as
prescribed in ASHRAE 62, whichever is greater.
E. A minimum fresh air intake of 10 percent of the total supply air shall be provided for
substation buildings. To prevent ingress of contaminates.
F. Fresh air intakes shall not be located where air contaminants are brought in from sources
such as lab hood exhausts, vent pipes, vehicle exhausts, kitchen exhausts and cooling
tower or pooled water emissions. The distance from the air intake to sources of
contamination, prevailing wind speed and direction, and objects that might influence air
flow should be considered in this evaluation. Fresh air intakes located on the side of the
building shall be a minimum of 1.5 M above grade.
G. For building located in classified areas, ventilation air shall be drawn from a clean (non-
classified) area.
H. Reference ASHRAE 62 for ventilation requirements for acceptable indoor air quality.
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
12.2 Exhaust Air Requirements
A. All toilets, shower rooms, locker rooms, and change rooms shall be exhausted or
ventilated at a rate of 37 m3/h per square meter, or supply air to the space plus 5 percent,
whichever is greater.
B. Janitor’s closets and break rooms shall be exhausted at a rate of 17 m3/h per square meter
minimum.
C. The laboratory exhaust systems shall meet the requirements of section 8.5 of this
specification as well as the provisions of AIHA Z9.5.
D. Battery room exhaust shall be taken from a point at or near the ceiling level using an
explosion proof fan. Where batteries are located in a room with other heat producing
equipment, a hood shall be provided over the battery rack area to exhaust a sufficient
quantity of air to prevent accumulation of gasses to an explosive concentration. Where
batteries are located in a dedicated battery room and no heat producing equipment other
than battery chargers are located in the room, the battery room shall be exhausted at a rate
equal to the quantity of air supplied to the battery room (no air from the battery room
shall be returned to the system). If the battery room is ventilated only, exhaust fan shall
be sized to exhaust as a minimum the quantity air necessary to meet temperature and
dilution requirements.
E. Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.008 for detailed exhaust and supply air fan requirements.
12.3 Make-up Air
Make up air shall be provided for all areas provided with exhaust. Make up air shall be sufficient
to meet the requirements of Section 12.1.B.
12.4 Air Changes
Where exhausting of air is required, air shall be exhausted in sufficient quantities to provide
necessary the air changes per hour to meet the requirements of this standard.
12.5 Analyser Houses
Refer to 32.31.50.13-P6000CFP-000-PV for ventilation requirements specific to analyzer

houses.
13.0 FILTER SYSTEMS
13.1 Air Filter Criteria (Standard Filter)
A. All re-circulating and outside air systems shall be provided with air filters. Filter type and
efficiency shall be based on the required cleanliness of the supply air to meet the
objectives of the conditioned space.
B. As a minimum, systems shall be provided with impingement type mechanical filters.
C. Filters installed close to an air inlet should be protected from the weather by suitable
louvers. A large mesh (~ 12 mm) wire screen also should be provided.
D. Filters should have permanent indicators to give a warning when the filter resistance
reaches the recommended change value.
E. All air filters shall be provided with access doors sized to allow for filter maintenance.
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
F. Disposable factory fabricated mechanical panel filters shall meet the following
requirements:
1. Filter media shall be interlaced glass fibers sprayed with non-flammable
adhesive.
2. Filter frame shall be cardboard with perforated metal retainer.
G. Extended surface disposable panel filters shall meet the following requirements:
1. Filter media shall be a fibrous material formed into deep V-shaped pleats held
by a self-supporting wire grid
2. Filter frame shall be non-flammable cardboard.
H. All filters shall meet the requirements of UL 900 Class 2 for combustibility and smoke
generated as a minimum. Systems serving critical areas carrying flammable gasses may
need the additional fire resistance of Class 1 filters.
I. Glass fibrous media filter, having a 90-95 percent average atmospheric dust spot
efficiency shall be provided for computer room.
J. Filtering efficiencies shall be in accordance with ASHRAE STD 52 and ASHRAE
HVAC Application Handbook.
K. Pre-filter for each STB shall be 2” deep, having a minimum efficiency report value of
MERV 6 in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 52.2.
13.2 Particle Phase Filtration Criteria (Sand Filter)
A. A sand trapping box (STB) shall be provided for the fresh air inlet of each HVAC system
servicing areas housing vital equipment as defined in 31.76.10.10-P6000CFP-000-PV.
B. Each STB shall consist of a sand filter, pre-filter, a pressure differential indicator, and
two fans. Fans may be located in the blow through position, each sized for 100 percent of
required fresh air capacity, or bleed fans installed in the bleed position. One fan will
operate as the primary with the other as a standby. Fans in the blow through position shall
be sized the overcome the pressure drop due to the sand filter, pre-filter, and any
upstream duct such as outside air intake stacks. Fans in the bleed position shall be sized
only for the sand filter bleed air quantity.
C. STB pre-filter efficiencies meet the requirements of 13.1.K.
D. STB casing shall be rigidly constructed with steel sheets and support members. Holding
frame shall be constructed of minimum 2.7 mm tubing / 2.0 mm 304 stainless steel.
E. The STB shall capture sand entrained in the fresh air at the sand filter and the sand shall
be exhausted out of the STB.
F. The initial resistance shall not exceed 748 Pa at 2.54 m/s.
13.3 Chemical Filter Criteria
A. Chemical filtration shall be provided where a corrosion free environment for electric and
electronic equipment, including control systems, is required by equipment vendor.
B. Chemical filter media shall be selected based on the contaminants and concentrations
expected at the building location.
C. Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.009 for chemical filter unit requirements.
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
14.0 DUCT DESIGN CRITERIA
14.1 Ductwork
A. Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 for duct and insulation materials and requirements,

etc.
B. Air distribution systems shall be designed in accordance with ASHRAE Fundamentals
Handbook, duct design section. Supply air ductwork shall be designed for a maximum
pressure drop of 0.8 Pag per meter where space conditions allow. Return, general exhaust
and outside air duct shall be sized for maximum pressures drop of 0.7 Pag per meter
where space conditions allow. Refer to Table 1 for recommended duct velocities.
C. Refer to American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, latest edition, for
non-general exhaust duct sizing criteria.
D. All ductwork and fittings shall be fabricated in accordance with the latest edition of the
SMACNA Duct Construction Standards and based on the design static pressure of the
system. Flexible duct shall not be used for or in return or exhaust systems.
E. Locate outside air intakes and exhaust outlets to prevent exhaust air from entering the
outside air intake.
F. As a minimum, provide the following in ductwork design.
1. Air outlets and inlets shall be shown on the drawings and indicated in the
schedules. Manufacturer’s standard diffusers, registers, and grilles shall be used.
Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 for additional air outlet and inlet
requirements.
2. Volume dampers shall be installed in all branches from mains and risers, and in
the branches to outlets and inlet grille openings.
3. Provide volume dampers ahead of flexible duct serving supply air grilles,
registers, and diffusers.
4. Volume dampers at duct take off or at other locations shall be two equivalent
gages heavier than the duct.
5. Fresh air intakes shall be designed and located to minimize dust and sand
intrusion.
6. Low leakage isolation dampers shall be provided in the outside air intake duct
for all buildings provided with gas detection in the outside air duct. The dampers
shall close and seal off the outside air intake when the HVAC system is in the
re-circulation made.
7. In ducts over 35 cm in width with vertical shafts, multi-blade opposed blade
dampers shall be provided.
8. Outside air intakes shall not be closer than 3 m from an appliance vent outlet, a
vent opening, plumbing drainage system vent, or discharge outlet of an exhaust
fan, unless the outlet is 1.5 m above the outside-air intake.
9. Return air shall be drawn through the ceiling plenum whenever practical. In
cases where cable trays are located inside the plenum and cables are not plenum
rated, ducted return air system shall be provided. A/C equipment rooms shall not
be used as return air plenums.
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
G. Duct Sizing Procedure / Duct Type Selection

Refer to Section 14.1.B for duct sizing criteria. Duct type and material shall be selected
based on the type of service for which it will be used. Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.002
for additional duct sizing and type criteria.
14.2 General
A. Duct shall be constructed in accordance with SMACNA Duct Construction Standards and
P6000CFP.000.10.76.002.
B. Duct design, reinforcement and joining method shall be in accordance with SMACNA
Duct Construction Standards and P6000CFP.000.10.76.002.
14.3 Insulation
A. All return air ducts located in unconditioned spaces shall be insulated. Return air ducts
located in conditioned spaces do not require insulation.
B. Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 for the installation and type of material required for
the duct insulation.
14.4 Accessories
Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 for detailed HVAC ductwork accessories requirements.

A. Access Doors
1. Access doors shall be provided where access in necessary for service or
inspection.
2. Access doors shall be provided for fire dampers. Fire damper access doors shall
be provided downstream of the fire damper.
3. Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 for access door submittal requirements.
B. Fire Dampers
1. Fire dampers shall be located per NFPA 90A and local fire code requirements.
2. Fire dampers shall be set or selected with fusible links for 73.9 C.
3. P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 for fire damper installation requirements.
C. Automatic smoke and fire dampers
Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 for automatic smoke and fire damper requirements.
D. Balancing Dampers
Balancing dampers shall be provided for supply, return, exhaust, and fresh air ducts for
system balancing. Balancing dampers shall be provided for branch duct entries or take-
offs from the main duct.
E. Blast Valves
1. Blast valves shall be provided for HVAC openings in buildings designed to
resist the effects of a blast. Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 for specific blast
valve location requirements.
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
2. Blast valves shall close the air passage in response to the positive and negative
effects of the blast.
3. Blast valves shall be selected for multiple blast loadings having the peak
reflective over pressure of the building design with unrestricted duration.
4. Blast valves shall be designed to withstand the maximum pressures to be
expected at the location they will be installed as a minimum.
5. Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 for blast valve submittal requirements.
F. Backdraft Dampers
Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 for backdraft damper requirements.
G. Flexible Connections
1. Flexible connections shall be provided between ductwork and equipment to
isolate the duct from the equipment vibrations.
2. A minimum of 100 mm of flexible connection material shall be provided
between metal surfaces.
3. Flexible connection shall meet the requirements of SMACNA HVAC Duct
Construction Standards-Metal and Flexible
4. 150 mm flexible connection shall be installed between all rigid ductwork or
casing and all air handling equipment. Connection shall be of fire proof material
and suitable for temperatures and pressure involved.
5. 25 mm slack shall be allowed in these connections to ensure that no vibration is
transmitted from fan to duct work. Fabric shall be folded at each end to prevent
air leakage.
H. Flexible duct work
Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 for detailed flexible duct requirements.
I. Turning Vanes
Turning vanes shall be installed in all mitered duct elbows. Refer to
P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 for detailed turning vane requirements.
15.0 PIPING SYSTEM DESIGN CRITERIA
15.1 Chilled Water Piping
A. Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 for chilled water piping materials, insulation, and

accessories.
B. Refer to 31.29.02.30-P6000CFP-000-PV for chilled water pump requirements.
C. Chilled water piping shall meet the requirements of ASME B 31.9.
D. Chillers, chilled water coils and pumps shall be selected based on a 5.5 °C delta T.
Chilled water return temperature shall not be greater than 13 °C.
E. Chilled water flow rate shall be based on a 5.5 C delta T. Chilled water piping DN 50
and above shall be sized for 1.2 to 2.1 m/s velocity maximum. Pipe under DN 50 shall be
sized for a 1.2 m/s velocity maximum.
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
F. Provide a chemical treatment system for the chilled water system. Closed chilled water
systems shall be treated with a corrosion inhibitor except where chemical costs due to
water leakage rates are estimated higher than equipment life cycle costs. This corrosion
inhibitor shall be a buffered, nitrite-based product, with sodium nitrite residual in the
range of 700 to 1200 parts per million (PPM) or molybdate in the range of 250-350 PPM;
and with a pH of 7 or higher.
G. Chilled water pumps shall be upstream of chillers. An expansion tank shall be connected
to the chilled water pump suction line. Chilled water systems shall be equipped with sight
glass to provide indication of system water level. System shall be arranged for complete
drainage with drain valve at low point. All chilled water systems shall include water
sample line connection and a connection for installation of a chemical shot feeder for the
chilled water system.
H. Balancing valves shall be installed in discharge of each water coil downstream of the
control valve when 2-way control valve is used. When 3-way valves are used, there shall
be a balancing valve in the bypass line. Isolation valves shall be installed on water supply
to and return from coil. Manual bypass valves shall be provided around control valves
and flow meters. Refer to 32.36.01.17-P6000CFP-000-PV for control valve selection
and sizing criteria.
I. Pressure gauges or gauge cocks shall be installed on supply and return pipe branch to
each water coil, control valve, pump, and flow meter. Thermometer wells (or insertion
tap points) shall be installed on incoming supply pipe and on return pipe from each coil.
Pipe strainers shall be installed immediately before flow meters and flow control valves.
Valved flush connections shall be provided on supply and return pipes of chilled water
cooling coils.
J. All chilled water piping systems shall include a valved, potable water quality make-up
water connection. In addition to the shut-off valve, the make-up water connection shall
include a reduced pressure type backflow preventer, manufactured to BS EN 12729.
K. Dissimilar metal piping connections, for example valve connections, shall be exposed
and accessible, and shall be provided with insulating unions or insulating flange sets.
L. Provide a serviceable strainer on the suction side and a check valve on the discharge side
of each pump.
M. A check valve shall be installed in the discharge line of each centrifugal and rotary pump.
In services where hydraulic shock can occur, the check valve shall be of the quick
response or non-slam type.
N. Provide a block valve in the suction and discharge side of each pump. The block valve on
the suction side shall be located upstream of the serviceable strainer and the block valve
on the discharge side shall be located on the downstream side of the check valve.
O. Suction lines shall be designed to avoid pocketing of vapor or gas. Reducers in horizontal
runs and at horizontal pump suction connections shall be eccentric with straight side up; a
concentric reducer shall be used if the reduction occurs immediately adjacent to elbow on
downcomer from overhead. Where practical, long radius reducing ells shall be used for
carbon steel classes.
P. Elbows in horizontal suction piping to double suction pumps (split case) shall be at least
5 pipe diameters upstream of the pump suction flanges with the following clarification:
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
Where no reducer is employed between the pump flange and elbow, a straight
run at least five pipe diameters long shall be provided.
Q. Where a reducer is located between the pump flange and the elbow, a straight run of at
least 2 pipe diameters long (based on the larger pipe diameter) shall be provided; in
effect, a reducer next to the pump flange is considered to be equivalent to 3 larger
diameters.
R. When a positive displacement pump is not equipped with a built-in relief valve, a relief
valve shall be installed in the discharge piping between the pump nozzle and first block
valve and shall normally discharge into the pump suction line.
S. Centrifugal pump suction and discharge valving shall be sized as follows:
1. Suction valves shall be full line size.
2. For line sizes DN 200 and larger, check valves and discharge block valves may
be a maximum of one size smaller than line size. For line sizes less than DN
200, the valve shall be line size. In no circumstances shall the valves be less than
pump nozzle size.
T. Jacket and seal cooling water, packing flush and similar flowing fluids from pumps shall
be piped to open drain funnels or into closed drains; such fluids shall not be discharged
onto pump bases. Drain piping and valves shall conform to the applicable line class
specification.
U. Connection between equipment and supply and return mains shall be flanged in sizes
above DN 50. Connections DN 50 and smaller shall be screwed.
15.2 Insulation
Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 for piping insulation requirements and thicknesses.
15.3 Water Treatment
A. Closed loop chilled water systems shall consist of one by-pass feeder per system,
complete with isolating and drain valves downstream from circulating pumps.
B. Chemical water treatment shall be introduced through the by-pass feeder when required
or indicated by test.
C. The water treatment system shall maintain the chilled water quality to prevent corrosion
and build-up of scale for maximum efficiency of the HVAC system equipment without
posing a hazard to operating personnel or the environment.
D. Chemical treatment performance requirements shall be based on the quality of water
available at the project site, HVAC system equipment material and functional
performance characteristics, operating personnel capabilities, and the requirements and
guidelines of authorities having jurisdiction.
E. The chemical treatment system shall maintain the closed loop chilled water system
essentially free of scale, corrosion and fouling to sustain the following water
characteristics:
Copper: Project defined
pH: Project defined
Other project defined requirements
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
F. Chemical treatment product submittal requirements shall include operation and

maintenance manuals, rated capacities, water pressure drops, shipping, installed and
operating weights, and furnished products listed below:
1. Chemicals
2. Filters
3. Chemical feeders
G. Shop drawing submittal requirements shall include detail equipment assemblies
indicating dimensions, weights, loads, required clearances, field assembly instructions,
components, and location and size of each filed connection.
H. Chemical treatment installer shall be an experienced installer who is an authorized
representative of the chemical treatment manufacturer. Installer shall be authorized for
both installation and maintenance of chemical treatment system.
I. By-pass feeders shall be cast iron or steel with funnel shutoff valve on top, air release
valve on top, drain valve on bottom, and re-circulating shutoff valves on sides.
J. A manufacturer recommended test kit with carrying case shall be provided with
chemicals and equipment for field testing pH, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen,
biocount, total alkalinity, and calcium hardness.
K. Chemicals furnished shall be as recommended by the water treatment system
manufacturer and that are compatible with piping system components and connected
equipment. Chemicals shall include a sequestering agent to reduce deposits and adjust
pH, corrosion inhibitors, and conductivity enhancers.
L. The services of a factory authorized representative shall be provided to train maintenance
personnel on procedures and schedules for starting and stopping, trouble shooting,
servicing, and maintaining water treatment equipment. Schedule at least four hours of
training with Principal.
15.4 Refrigerant Piping
Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 for refrigerant piping, liquid line dryer, moisture indicator and
liquid refrigerant sight glass requirements.
End of Specification
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
TABLE 1
RECOMMENDED DESIGN VELOCITIES IN AIR-HANDLING SYSTEM
The following duct velocities are for use in conjunction with noise information associated with air inlets, air outlets,
and equipment.
Main Duct in Shaft or Above Dry Wall Ceiling
Rectangular Duct Round Duct

Room Over or In Which Duct Will Run Preferred Maximum Preferred Maximum
Duct Velocity Duct Velocity Duct Velocity Duct Velocity
m/s m/s m/s m/s
Conference Rooms 10.7 12.7 15.3 17.8
Teleconference rooms 6.5 8.6 10.1 12.7
Training Rooms 10.7 12.7 15.3 17.8
Auditoriums 10.7 12.7 15.3 17.8
Hospital/Clinic Rooms 10.7 12.7 15.3 17.8
Private Offices 10.7 12.7 15.3 17.8
Open Plan Offices 12.7 15.3 17.8 21.6
Corridors and Lobbies 15.3 17.8 21.6 25.4
Mosque 10.7 12.7 15.3 17.8
Main Duct Above Suspended Acoustical Ceiling

m/s m/s M/s m/s
Training Rooms 7.5 8.9 12.7 15.2
Auditoriums 7.5 8.9 12.7 15.2
Mosque 7.5 8.9 12.7 15.2
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
TABLE 1 – Continued
RECOMMENDED DESIGN VELOCITIES IN AIR-HANDLING SYSTEM
The following duct velocities are for use in conjunction with noise information associated with air inlets, air outlets,
and equipment.
Main Duct Located Within Occupied Space

m/s m/s M/s m/s
Training Rooms 6.1 7.4 10.9 13.2
Auditoriums 6.1 7.4 10.9 13.2
Mosque 6.1 7.4 10.9 13.2
Duct velocities listed above are for main air ducts. Branch ducts shall have air flow velocities of 80 percent of the
values listed. Velocities of final run-outs to outlets shall be 50 percent or less of the values listed. Elbows and other
fittings can increase noise substantially depending on type, and duct airflow velocities shall be decreased
accordingly.
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
TABLE 2
INDOOR DESIGN CRITERIA
ROOM SUMMER/ RANGE % REL RANGE NOISE

WINTER DB DB C HUM RH % CRITERIA
C NC LEVEL
Auditorium 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 25-35
Battery room 26.7 0-40 50% 10-100% 45-55
Bonded areas Vent N/A N/A N/A 40-45
Break rooms, coffee/vending 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 30-40
Building trades 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 30-40
Clinic Rooms 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 25-35
Control rooms 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 25-35
Communications rooms Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.71.012
Computer rooms Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.71.012
Conference rooms 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 25-35
Copy/fax rooms 27/21 0.5 50% 10% 30-40
Dining rooms 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 30-40
Dock/receiving/staging areas Vent N/A N/A N/A 40-45
Dry storage 27/21 0.5 50% 10% 45-55
Electrical, telephone and radio rooms 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 40-45
Fire Station 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 30-40
Flammable storage areas 27/21 0.5 50% 10% 40-45
Food preparation areas 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 40-45
Gate House 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 30-40
General storage rooms/spaces 27/21 0.5 50% 10% 40-45
HVAC/mechanical rooms 27/21 0.5 50% 10% 45-55
Ice machine rooms 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 45-55
Janitor’s closets 27/21 0.5 50% 10% 45-55
Laboratories - general 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 40-50
Lecture Room 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 25-35
Library and reading areas 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 25-35
Lobbies and corridors 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 40-45
Locker/change rooms 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 40-45
Maintenance work areas Spot Cooling N/A N/A N/A 40-45
Mosque 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 25-35
Offices 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 25-35
Plot rooms 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 40-45
Pot/dish washing areas 27/21 0.5 50% 10% 40-45
Rack rooms 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 40-45
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc
TABLE 2 - Continued
INDOOR DESIGN CRITERIA
ROOM SUMMER/ RANGE % REL RANGE NOISE

WINTER DB DB C HUM RH% CRITERIA
C NC LEVEL
Record and file rooms 27/21 0.5 50% 10% 40-45
Restrooms and toilets 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 30-40
Sample storage areas 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 40-45
Security 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 25-35
Serving rooms 27/21 0.5 50% 10% 30-40
Shop areas 27/21 0.5 50% 10% 40-45
Shower rooms 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 30-40
Substations 27/18 0.5 50% -15/+25% 40-45
Parts storage areas Vent N/A N/A N/A 40-45
Testing rooms 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 30-40
Tool rooms 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 40-45
Training rooms 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 25-35
UPS room 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 40-45
Waiting rooms/areas 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 30-40
Warehouse storage area (air conditioned) 24/21 0.5 50% 10% 40-45
Warehouse storage area (ventilated) Vent N/A N/A N/A 40-45
Note: the noise criteria represented in Table 2 are intended to cover noise generated by HVAC systems only.
P6000cfp.000.10.76.001_B.Doc

KNPC HVAC Design Criteria

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Kuwait National Petroleum Company (K.S.C.) P6000CFP.000.10.76.

B 20-Feb-14 Approved for Design FW FW FW N/A

Kuwait National Petroleum Company (K.S.C.)

CONTRACT NO. SPECIFICATION NO. REV. NO.

Rev. No. Date Description

B 20-Feb-14 Revised clause 6.1.A , 6.2.A.2 , 6.2.B.1 , 6.2.C.1 , 10.4.A.

1.0 SCOPE ............................................................................................................................................ 4

2.0 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................... 4

3.0 DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................................... 6

4.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................................... 6

5.0 DRAWINGS AND SUBMITTALS .............................................................................................. 7

6.0 DESIGN BASIS ............................................................................................................................ 10

7.0 DESIGN DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS ................................................................. 13

8.0 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................................... 13

9.0 HEATING SYSTEMS ................................................................................................................. 16

10.0 COOLING SYSTEMS................................................................................................................. 16

11.0 HUMIDIFICATION / DE-HUMIDIFICATION ...................................................................... 18

12.0 VENTILATION AND EXHAUST ............................................................................................. 18

13.0 FILTER SYSTEMS ..................................................................................................................... 19

14.0 DUCT DESIGN CRITERIA ....................................................................................................... 21

15.0 PIPING SYSTEM DESIGN CRITERIA ................................................................................... 23

2.1 Design and Engineering Practice (DEP)

2.2 CFP Project Specifications

2.3 American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA)

AIHA Z9.5 Laboratory Ventilation

2.4 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)

ASHRAE Handbook HVAC Applications

2.5 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)

B31.9 Building Service Piping

2.6 American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

Z9.2 Fundamentals Governing the Design and Operations of Local

2.7 British Standards Institute (BSI)

BS EN 12729 Devices to Prevent Pollution by Backflow of Potable Water

2.8 The Instrumentation, Systems, and Automation Society (ISA)

ISA 71.04 Environmental Conditions for Process Measurement and

2.9 National Fire Protection Association Codes (NFPA)

NFPA 1 National Fire Prevention Code

SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standards-Metal and Flexible

2.11 Underwriter's Laboratory (UL)

UL 900 Standard for Safety Air Filter Units

2.12 International Building Code (IBC)

2.13 International Mechanical Code (IMC)

2.14 American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)

4.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

4.2 Conflicts and Deviations

5.0 DRAWINGS AND SUBMITTALS

5.8 HVAC Ductwork and Equipment

Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.002, P6000CFP.000.10.76.010, and the individual equipment

All calculations shall be in SI units in accordance with DEP 00.00.20.10-Gen.

Refer to P6000CFP-000.10.76.010 for specific control submittal requirements.

5.11 Electrical Schematic Diagrams

Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.010 for electrical schematic diagrams submittal requirements

5.12 As Built Drawings

Refer to 31.76.10.10-P6000CFP-000-PV and P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 for As-Built and turn over

5.13 Original Drawings

6.0 DESIGN BASIS

6.1 Environmental Conditions

6.2 Load Calculations

calculations. The air conditioning systems shall provide comfort conditions in

6.3 System Consideration

Refer to P6000CFP.000.10.76.002 and individual equipment specifications for vibration

7.0 DESIGN DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS

8.0 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS