ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS ASSEMBLY AND SERVICING

Chapter III

Power law

Is the rate at which is done per unit of time . In electricity, the unit of power measurement is in
watt, E, named after James Watt who invented the steam engine. One watt is equivalent to work
done in one second by one volt of electrical pressure in moving one ampere. Hence, power in
watts is equal to the product of electrical pressure in volts and current.

Equation 1.

P=VxI where: P = Power in Watts

V = Volts
I = Current

Substituting I=V/R

P = V x (V/R)

Equation 2.

P = V2 / R - used when the volts and the resistance are known

Substituting V = I x R to the P = V x I

P=(IxR)xI

Equation 3.

P = I2 x R – used when the current and the resistance are known.

Example 1.

1. A pool heater running on 150V, and draws a current of 30A.  How much energy does it use
per week if it is used for 9 hours a day.

Given:
V=150V
I=30A
P=?

Solution:

P=150 x 30=4500W
Series and Parallel Circuit

Example 1.

Find the current I in the given circuit diagram.

Solution:
Given:

V = 12 volts
R = 1K ohms or 1000 ohms
I=?

I = V/R
I = 12/1000

I = 0.012 Amps
Resistor
A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a
circuit element. In electronic circuits, resistors are used to reduce current flow, adjust signal levels,
to divide voltages, bias active elements, and terminate transmission lines, among other uses.

Two Main Category of Resistor

1. Linear Resistor
2. Non – Linear Resistor

TYPES OF RESISTORS

Resistor Reading
Note:

The wattage rating of the resistor will identify its sizes. The larger the size, the higher wattage.
The smaller the size, the lesser the wattage.

Example 1: 4-band

Give the value and tolerance of the resistor color

band : RED,GREEN,BROWN,GOLD.
Solution:

1st digit: Red - 2

2nd digit Green - 5
3rd digit Brown – x10
4th digit Gold - +/- 5 percent

Therefore;

25 x 10 = 250 ohms +/- 5 percent

Example 2: 5-band

Give the value and tolerance of the resistor color band:

YELLOW,ORANGE,RED,BROWN,BROWN.

Solution:

1st digit : yellow – 4

2nd digit : orange -3
3rd digit : red – 2
4th digit: brown – x10
5th digit brown - +/- 1 percent
Therefore :

432 x 10 = 4.32 kilo ohms +/- 1 percent

Note :

KΩ = kilo ohms = 1,000 ohms Ω

MΩ = mega ohms = 1,000,000 ohms Ω

Assignment:

1. What is the total current and voltage of 3 battery in parallel having 1.2 volts and having 5
amperes each.
2. Determine the power consumed when it is connected across a 125V
Circuit having a resistance of 1.2KΩ.
3. Find total current(IT), voltage at R2.

4. What is the color code of 333kΩ,± 5% five band resistor?

5. In a 6 band color code the, what does the 6th band represent?
6. What is the tolerance value for a grey color in the tolerance band?
7.  What is the value of a resistor which has first three color bands are Red, black, and
Orange?
8. What is the value of a 4 band resistor which has the first band – Green, the second band
– Blue, the third band- orange, the fourth band – Gold?
9. What is the multiplier value for the color blue in multiplier band?
10. What is the tolerance of a 3 band resistor?