Pre-Calculus Activity Sheet

Quarter 2 – MELC 9
( STEM_PC11T-IIe-1)

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

Mathematics – SHS Grade 11 Pre-Calculus
Activity Sheet No. 9
First Edition, 2020

Published in the Philippines

by the Department of Education
Region 6 – Western Visayas

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
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the payment of royalties.

This Learning Activity Sheet is developed by DepEd Region 6 – Western

Visayas.

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource may be reproduced

or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical without written
permission from the DepEd Regional Office 6 – Western Visayas.

Development Team of Pre-Calculus Learning Kit

Writer: Jerlyn O. Baquiano

Illustrator: Patrick T. Lomigo

Layout Artist: Krishea Mae P. Jaruda

Division Quality Assurance Team:
Dr. Julio J. Villalon
Dr. Kim Jay C. Encio
Rosanna A. Daitao

Division of Iloilo Management Team: Dr. Roel F. Bermejo, Dr. Nordy D. Siason, Jr.
Dr. Lilibeth T. Estoque, Dr. Azucena T. Falales
Ruben S. Libutaque, Lilibeth E. Larupay
Dr. Kim S. Arceña
Regional Management Team:
Ma. Gemma M. Ledesma,
Dr. Josilyn S. Solana,
Dr. Elena P. Gonzaga,
Mr. Ronald T. Genine,

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Introductory Message

Welcome to Senior High School Grade 11 Mathematics(Pre-Calculus).

The Pre- Calculus Learning Kit is a product of the collaborative efforts of the
Scools Division of Iloilo and DepEd Regional Office VI – Western Visayas through the
Curriculum and Learning Management Division(CLMD). This is developed to guide the
learning facilitators (teachers, parents, and responsible adults) in helping our learners
meet the standards set by the K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum.

The Learning Activity Sheet is self-directed instructional materials aimed to

guide our learners in accomplishing activities at their own pace and time using the
contextualized resources in the community. This will also assist learners in acquiring the
lifelong learning skills, knowledge and attitudes for productivity and employment.

For the learning facilitator:

The Learning Activity Sheet will help you facilitate the teaching-learning
activities specified in each Most Essential Competency (MELC) with minimal or no face-
to-face encounter between you and learner. This will be made available to the learners
with the references/links to ease the independent learning.

For the learner:

The Learning Activity Sheet is developed to help you continue learning even if
you are not in school. This learning material provides you with meaningful and engaging
activities for independent learning. Being an active learner, carefully read and
understand the instructions then perform the activities and answer the assessments.
This will be returned to your facilitator on the agreed schedule.

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 Learning Activity Sheets (LAS) (For SHS Mathematics)
School:_________________________________________________________
Name of Learner:_________________________________________________
Grade Level:_____________________________________________________
Section:_________________________________________________________
Date:___________________________________________________________

PRE-CALCULUS ACTIVITY SHEET

LEARNING COMPETENCY
The learners determine whether an equation is an identity or a conditional equation.
( STEM_PC11T-IIe-1)

GENERALIZATION
An identity is an equation that is true for all values of the variable in the domain
of the equation. An equation that is not an identity is called conditional equation. In other
words, if some values of the variable in the domain of the equation do not satisfy the
equation, then the equation is a conditional equation.

Consider the following two groups of equations:

Group A Group B
(A1) 𝑥2 − 1 = 0 (B1) 𝑥 2 − 1 = ( 𝑥 − 1 )(𝑥 + 1)
(A2) (𝑥 + 7)2 = 𝑥 2 + 49 (B2) ( 𝑥 − 7)2 = 𝑥 2 + 14𝑥 + 49
𝑥 2 −4 𝑥 2 −4
(A3) = 2𝑥 − 1 (B3) =𝑥+2
𝑥−2 𝑥−2

In each equation in Group A , some of the values of the variable that are in the
domain of the equation do not satisfy the equation ( that is, do not make the equation
true). On the other hand, in each equation in Group B, every element in the domain of
the equation satisfies the given equation. The equations in Group A are called
conditional equations, while those in Group B are called identities.

EXAMPLES 1
Determine if the given equation is an identity or conditional equation.
1. 𝟐( 𝒙 + 𝟓 ) = 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟐 ( 𝒙 − 𝟓 )
Solution :
𝟐 ( 𝒙 + 𝟓) = 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟐(𝒙 − 𝟓)
𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎 = 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎

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 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎 = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎 ; therefore, the equation is an identity because the
equations on either side of the equal sign are equivalent.

𝒙 𝟑 𝟏𝟓𝒙
𝟐. 𝟏𝟐 ( 𝟐 − 𝟒 ) = (𝟏𝟐)( 𝟏𝟎 − )
𝟔

Solution:
𝟔𝒙 − 𝟗 = 𝟏𝟐𝟎 − 𝟑𝟎𝒙
𝟔𝒙 + 𝟑𝟎𝒙 = 𝟏𝟐𝟎 + 𝟗
𝟑𝟔𝒙 = 𝟏𝟐𝟗
𝟏𝟐𝟗 129
𝒙= ; This equation is true if 𝑥 = . Thus, equation is a conditional
𝟑𝟔 36

equation.

3 3 3
𝟑. 𝑥 3 − 2 = ( 𝑥 − √2 ) ( 𝑥 2 + √2𝑥 + √4)
This is an identity because this is simply factoring of difference of two cubes.

EXERCISE 1
Write IE if the given equation is an identity and CE if it is conditional equation.
1. 𝒙𝟑 − 𝟓𝒙𝟐 − 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟐𝟎 = 𝟎
2. 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑 = 𝟓𝒙
3. 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟗 = ( 𝒙 + 𝟑 )( 𝒙 − 𝟑 )
3. 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟒 = 𝟒 + 𝟑𝒙
5. 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟒𝒙 = 𝟓𝒙

EXAMPLE 2
Determine if the given equation is an identity or conditional equation.
𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽
1. 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝜽 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽

Solution :
Based from the definition of trigonometric functions;
𝑦 𝑦 𝑥
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 = , 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 = , 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 =
𝑥 𝑟 𝑟
𝑦
𝑦 𝑟 𝒚 𝑦 𝑟 𝒚
=𝑥 ⇒ = ∙ =
𝑥 𝒙 𝑟 𝑥 𝒙
𝑟
Thus, 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃
Therefore, the given equation is an identity.

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 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝜽−𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝜽
𝟐. = 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝜽 − 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝜽
𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝜽+𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝜽

Solution:
By factoring the difference of two squares in the numerator,
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃
= 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
(𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃)(𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃)
= 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃
Thus, the equation is an identity.

3. 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝜽 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝜽 + 𝟏
This is a conditional equation. If θ = 0, then the left-hand side of the
equation is 0, while the right –hand side is 2.

EXERCISE 2
Write IE if the given equation is an identity and CE if it is conditional equation.
𝟏
1. 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝜶 = 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝜶

2. ( 𝟏 + 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝜽 )𝟐 = 𝟏 + 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐 𝜽
𝟏 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝜽
3. =
𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝜽

4. 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝒙 = 𝒄𝒐𝒕 𝒙
5. 𝟑 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐 𝜽 = 𝟏
6. 𝟐 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 − 𝟏 = 𝟎

ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY
1. Is the equation √𝑥 2 = 𝑥 an identity?
2. Which of the following equations are identities?
a. 3 sin 𝑥 + 7 sin 𝑥 = 10 sin 𝑥
b. 5 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃(𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 − 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃) = 5𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 − 10 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃
c. 2 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 − 1 = 3

REFLECTION
Complete the following sentences:
1. The most challenging part of this learning activity was..

2. In this learning kit I learned that..

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REFERENCES
Pre-Calculus for Senior High School-STEM Specialized Subject , Winston S. Sirug
Pre-Calculus Learners Material DepEd
https:wwww.wtamu.edu
https://www.sparknotes.com/math/trigonometry
https://faculty.tarleton.edu

ANSWER KEY

Exercise 1
1. CE
2. CE
3. IE
4. IE
5. CE

Exercises 2
1.identity
2. conditional
3.identity
4.conditional
5.conditional
6.conditional

Enrichment Activity
1. No. The equation is true to all positive numbers and not true to all negative
numbers. For example, if x = -3, then

√𝑥 2 = √(−3)2 = √9 = 3

so √𝑥 2 ≠ 𝑥. Because the radical symbol √ stands for the nonnegative square

root, the left side of the equation, √𝑥 2 is never negative. Therefore. √𝑥 2 cannot
equal 𝑥 when 𝑥 is a negative number. The equation is false for 𝑥 < 0.

2. Equations (a) and (b) are identities while equation (c) is not.