Co-ordinates of P are (2, 1)

2
of the points of
Find the co-ordinates
isectionof the line segment joining the or (1, 3)
ints A (5, 3) and B (2-9).
-

(i) Mid-point of the line segment joining the

p o i n t s

and Q trisect the line segment

Sol. LetP
let the points be points P(-5, -8) and Q(3,4)
AB and
Pr.y)
and 0 (", y')
A(5-3) P Q B(2-9) 2 2
Now, the point divides the line segment
1:2
ABin theratio
maX2 +m2'1_Ix2+2 x5
-
m +m2 1+2 or (-1, 2)
Q.6. The line segment joining A (-3, 1) and
B(7,-5) is a diameter ofa circle whose
centre is C. Find the co-ordinates of the
1x(-9)+2(-3) point C.
andy'=. 1+2 Sol. Diameter of a circle is a line segment
joiningthe points A (-3, 1) and B (7,-5)
and C is the centre of the circle.
3
AC=CB
. Co-ordinates of P are (4, -5)
Now, co-ordinates ofC will be
Again. Qdivides the line segment AB in
theratio 2: l

mX2 +mX1 2x2+1+5

or (2,-2)
=

m +m2 2+1 Co-ordinates of C are (2, -2)

Q.7. A (10, 5), B (6,-3) and C (2, 1) are the
vertices ofa AABC. L is the mid-point
ofAB and Mis the mid-point ofAC. Write
andy=V2 *m2y down the co-ordinates of Land M. Show
m +m
that LM= BC. (2001)
2(-9)+1(-3) -18-32-7
2+1 3 vertices of AABC and
Sol. A, B and C are
Co-ordinates of Qare (3, 7) -

co-ordinates of A, B and C are (10, 5),

Q.5. Find the
co-ordinates of the mid-point (6,-3)and (2, 1) respectively.
ofthe line segment
0) A
(6,7) and B
joining Lis the mid-point of AB, M is
the mid-

i) (-3,-1) point of AC.

P(-5,-8) and Q (3, 4)
0)Mid-point of the line segment joining 10+6 5-3
Co-ordinates ofL are
points A (5, 7) and B
3,-1)
 p-5, q=3
|or (8. 1) Q.9. The centre of a circle is c
or
one end of a diameter
PQ is 43), 2,3) a
A(10, 5)
Find the co-ordinates of
Sol. Letco-ordinates ofQbe (,
Q. P-
C(-2, 3) is the centre of
whose diameter is the
PQ. cine
M

P(2-4)
B (6. -3) C(2, 1) C(-2,3) Ql)
)
and co-ordinates of M will be

or (6, 3) Cis the mid-point of PQ.

. - 2=*
Length of LM= V8-6) +(1-3)2 2

V2)+(-2) = 4+4 2+x =-4

*= - 4-2 =- 6

8 2 x and 3 + y
2
andlength ofBC= y6-2) +(-3-1 - 4 +y =6
y=6+4 = 10

V4) +(4)*= V16+16 Hence co-ordinates of Q are(-6, 10

Q.10. The point P (-4, 1) divides the li
2x1642 segmentjoining the points A(2,-2)a
B in the ratio 3 : 5. Find the point .
It is clear that LM= BC. Sol. Let the co-ordinates ofB be
(2»
Q.8. The mid-point of
the line segment joining co-ordinates of Aare (2, -2), P
A (p, 5) and B (3, which divides AB in the ratio 3:
g) is M (-1, 4). find
the values of p and q.
mX2 +m21
Sol. M (-1, 4) is the X =
mid-point of the line m +m2
segmentjoining the points A (p, 5) and
B (3, ) 3x x +5x2
- 4 =

3+5
-1 =
P2 -2=p +3 3x2 +10
- 4
p=-2 -3=-5 8
3 x 2 + 10 =-32
and 4 =F 5+98 5 +q S*2-32 -10 =-42
2

q=8 -5 3 =2-14
3
 my2 +m2Y1
a n a
m +m2 k.6+1.1 k.2+1.(-3)
k+1 k +1
1
3xV2 +5x (- 2) But, P is
3+5 (a, -

1)
I = 2 10
8
2k--1
32 10 =8 K:1
A(1,-3) P (a,-1)
3y28 + 10= 18 B (6, 2)

2 k - 3 =- k - 1
2 = 6
3k 2
Co-ordinates of B are (- 14, 6)

In what
ratio does P (2,-5) divide the
0.11.
5) and B (4, 9) 2
join of A(3.
-

the ratio, then The required ratio is1 i.e. 2:3 (internally).
Sol. Let m : m 1S

2 +mX
m+m2 Also,+Ta a ()

m x4+m2 (-3) Putting k = in (i), we get:

22
m +m2

2-
4m- 3m12 a
6.+12.
m +m2
3
4m-3m2 = 2m + 2m2
Hence, a = 3
4m-2m, = 2m2 + 3m2
Q.13. The line segment joining A (2, 3) and
2m Sm2 B (6, -5) is intercepted by the x-axis at
the point k. Write the co-ordinate of the
m
m2 = point k. Hence find the ratio in which k
divides AB.
m:m,m,=5:2 Sol. Let the line segment Intersect the x-axis
Hence, the ratio is 5:2 at the point P
what ratio does P (a, - 1) divide the Co-ordinates of P are (r, 0)
Jon of A(1, 3) and B (6, 2) ? Hence,
-

Let P divide the line segment

in the ratio
find the
value of a. k:1then
Let P
a,(a, -

1) divide the line segment

joining
in the points.A(1, -3) and B (6, 2) -Sk+3-0 5k= -3 k=
the ratio k 1 i.e. AP: PB k+1
: =k:1.
Co-ordinates of P are Hence, required
ratio is 3 5
 . Co-ordinates of point P are (0.
(0, 3)
Q.15. (i) Write down the
co-ordina
point P that divides the dinates
A-4, 1)and B(17, 10)inin thethe ratig
(ii) Calculate the distance OP, wh
(2,3) 1 origin.
(iii) In what ratio does the y-axis.
whereOn
P (x,0)

6
...

7
X lineAB? divide
S6 4 3-2-1
Sol. Point P, divides a line segment
gi
points A (-4, 1) and B (17,
(6,-5) ratio 1 : 2. 10)
B(17,10)

A4,1)
X<
Q.14. In what ratio is the segment joining the
points A (6, 5) and B(-3, 2) divided by () Let co-ordinates of P be (x, y), then
the -axis ? Find the point at which the
mX2 + m2*1
-axis cuts AB.
Sol. Let P divides the line segment joining m+mn
the points A (6, 5) and B (-3, 2) in the
Ix 17+2 x(-4)17-8
ratio m m2 3
1+2
P lies on y-axis
:. Its x =0
Let co-ordinates of P be (0, y), then 3
m y 2 + m2V1
mX2 +m2*1
m +m2 m +m2
o- (-3) +m, x6
1x10+2x 1 10 +2 3
1+2 3
m +m2 (3,"
Co-ordinates of P will be
3m, +6m,= 0 '
(ii) O (0, 0) is the origin
6m2 3m
(2
m OP 2 *)+

m2
V(3-0)2 +(4 -0)2
=
)
m :m2 2 : |
mV2 +m212 x2+1x5 =v9+16 25 =5 unitsatL
=

y= y-axis
(iii) Line AB intersects
2+1
m +m2 abscissa of L is zero
 ) ordinates of L be (0, and let L Co-ordinates of R will be
Let.
AB in theratio m: m
dividesAB3i
3k -y 2k +5
m, x17+m, x (-4) k+1'k+1
m+7 2 As R lies on y-ax1s
.. its x = (0
17m-4m, =0
3k-40 3k-4 =0
17m, 4m, k+
17
3k=4 k =

3
Ratio4: 17 Ans.
Ratio 4:3
The line
joining P (-.4. 5) and Q (3, 2) be
PM and QN are (i) Co-ordinatcs of R will
a16 i n t

thei-axis at R,
e r s e c t s

and Q on the x-axis.

cndiculars from P
d
342x5
ratioPR: RQ.
The
co-ord1nates
ofR.
(iThe
4 4 8+15
The area of the quadrilateral PMNO.
3
or
4 +3 4+3
3
P 4,5)
or
Q(3, 2)
(ii) Area of trapezium PMNQ
M-4, 0) N(3, 0)
(PM +QN) MN
= *

6+2) 7-x7x7
(2004)
49
Sel. (i) Let R divides the line joining the points 24 5 sq. units Ans.
P(-4,5) and Q (3, 2) in the ratio k:T
P.Q. The line segmentjoining A-17and
the y-axis at
B (a, 5) is intersected by
3. Find
P-4,5) the pointP in theratio I :
) the valuc of a:
of' P.
S- Q(3, 2) (ii) the co-ordinates
Sol. Let, the
co-ordinates of P be (x, y)
X
M-4,0) O N(3, 0) P lies on y-axis
its x= 0,
mX2 +2*1
Now, x m + m2
 0 = Ixa+3 (-1) and my2 tm,y, _2x
1+3
m+m 2 y+3x
2y+0
243
5
a - 3 =(0 a= 3
2y= 5
x5+3
mV2 +m2 V1
And y =

m+m2 13
2
Co-ordinates of A
are(-5,0),
Bare 0 Ans.
. Co-ordinates of Pare,5)Ans.
o, 18. Show that the line segment joini.
Q. 17. In the given figure, the line segment AB
meets x-axis at A and y-axis at B. The points A (- 5, 8) and B (10. -
on AB divides it in the
trisected by the co-ordinate axes
point P (3, 1 find the points of trisection of AB
ratio 2 : 3. Find the co-ordinates of
A and B. Sol.
A
P
(-5, 8) (O. y) (x, O) (10
B
Let the points A (-5, 8) and B(10
Let P and Q be the two points on thea
which trisect the line joining the poi
and B.
P(-3,1)
AP = PQ = QB

AP PB 1:2
X' A o x and AQ : QB =2:1
Y

Sol. A lies
on x-axis P(O. )
A 1:2
its y=0 (-5, 8) (104

And B lies on y-axis

Now, co-ordinates of P will be
. itsx =0
Now, let co-ordinates of A be (x, 0) and Ix 10+2 x (-5) 10-10
1+2 3
ofB be (0, y) and point P (-3, 1) divides
AB in the ratio 2:3
y=-
x(-4) +2 x8
1 2 tm2 X 1+2
-3=
m tm 2
-4 +16 12 -4
2x0+3xx 0+3x 3
-3=- -3
2+3 Co-ordinates of P are (0,4)
Qx, O)
3 x = - 15 A
3 2:1
(-5, 8)
 Co-ordinates of Qwill be,
oe
2x10+1x(-5) . 4 =* 2 x +x
2+1
And 5= 2 y, +2= 10
.30 3 3
Now, x t x28
2
..)
2x(4)+1x8 *atX4 (i)
y=
2+1 ..(i)
X3tx-2
-8+8 0 Adding, wo get
3 2 ( t 2+x3) = 10
Co-ordinates of Q are (5, 0)
Hence proved. (iv)
mid-points of the sides BC CA and Now, subtracting (), (i) and (til) from
o.19. The are D (2, 1), (-1,-3) and (v), we get
AB of AABC
F (4, 5) respectively. Find the co-
X - 3 , X 1 = 1,*2=7

ordinates of A, B and C. And y+h= 10 .(v)

Sol. D (2, 1), E =1,-3) and F (4, 5) are .(vi)
ht'32
the mid-points of the sides BC, CA and
AB of AABC respectively. Let the sty=-6 ...(vii)
co-ordinates of A be (x, y1) of Now, adding, we get
B (. ) and of C (g, Vs) 2 01t2+y3)= 6

Ala1 1) 1ty
ty2t3 =3 ...(vii)
Subtracting (v), (vi), (vii) from (vii),
- 7 , y , = 1,y2= 9

. Co-ordinates of points A, B and C are

(1, 1), (7,9) and (-3, -7) Ans.
F(4.5) E(-1,-3)
Q. 20. Prove that the points A (-2,-1), B (l, 0)
and C (4, 3) and D(1, 2) are the vertices
of a parallelogram ABCD
Sol. The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect
Br22) D2.1) C(x33) cach other.

:D (2, 1) is the mid-point of Bo AC and BD bisect each other at O

well
0, is the mid-point of AC as as
or
2 2*2*S xtx=4 of BD.

D(1,2) C(4,3)
2 t V 3 =2

Again, E(-1,-3) is thc mid-point of CA

-1 = *3AL X3 tX=-2 O(ry)

B(1,0)
And 3 '3* V3t
= -

6 A(-2-1)
Let co-ordinates of O be (x, y)
ind
F(4, 5) is the mid-point of AB
 Sol. The diagonals of
a parallelao
()IfO is the mid-point of AC, then sect each other. ogram ti
-2+4 Dr )
Diagonals AC and BD
of the parallelogram ABCD

2
==1 bisect each other at 0.
. Co-ordinates of O will be (1, 1) A(-1,0)
then B3.)
() If O is the mid-point of BD, Let co-ordinates of O be (x, y)
1+1 As O is the mid-point of AC.
2-1 -1+2 1
X=-
and y=*2
2 2
2
Co-ordinates of 0 are
Co-ordinates of O are (1, 1)
Hence, we can say that ABCD is a par- Again, O is mid-point of BD and l
allelogram. co-ordinates of D be ( y).
Q.21. If the points A (-2, ), B (1, 0), Then 3+x,
C (a, 3) and D ( k\ form a
paralle- Then 3 +X=l
logram, find the values of a and b.
Sol. The vertices of a
parallelogram ABCD =1-3 =-2 and 1- 1+y
are A (-2, -1), B 2
(1, 0), C (a, 3) and
1 ,h
Let. its
1+y2 =2-1=1
diagonal AC and BD bisect each . Co-ordinates of D
other at O ie. O (t, y) is the are (-2, 1) Ans
of AC as well as of BD. mid-point Q.23. Find the lengths of the medians
ofa
When 0, A ABC whose vertices are
is the mid-point of AC, then A(-1,3),B
-2+a (1, 1) and C(5, 1). Also find the co-
-

X=
-1+3 2
.

2
and y= ordinates of the centroid of A ABC.
Again O, is the Sol. In A ABC, Let D, E A(-1,3)
mid-point of BD, then
and F are the
0+b
of sides BC, CA
mid-points
and
O is the AB respectively
:

mid-point of AC and BD both

-2+a
=I and=1 AD,BE and CF
2 2 are the medians of B (1,-1) C
- 2 +a =
2 a =
2 +2 4 A ABC which
intersect at G.
and
1 b 2. . G is the
centroid of the AABC.
Co-ordinates of A, B and C are
Hence, a =4, b =
2 Ans. (1, - 1) and (- 1, 3),
. 22. (5, 1)
Co-ordinates ofrespectively
The three vertices of a
taken in order parallelogram ABCD, D will be
A (-1, 0), are
B(3, 1) and C(2,2). Find
of the fourth vertex
of the
the co-ordinates 1+-1+1 6 0
parallelogram. 2 Or
2or (3, 0)
 will be
B-1,-3) and C (5, 7).
p - o r d i n a t e

ofE
s

2 or
Sol. The median ofa
triangle intersect each
other at one point say G.

or.2) .G is the centroid of the AABC.

. Co-ordinates of G will be
+11 3-1
co-ordinates
a n dc o - o r d i n e
of F will be
2 or X1 +X2 +X3 Y1+2 +ys\ or
nd 3

(0. 1)
a or
3 or (-1, 3)
Length of AD will be V(3+1) +(0 +3 Hence, G is (-1, 3) Ans.
Q.26. IfG (-2, 1) is the centroid of AABC, twoo
4(3) 16+9 25 =5 units of whose vertices are A (1,-6) and B
-5, 2), find the third vertex of the tri-
Length ofBE will be = y1-2)+(-1-2)?
angle
Sol. Let the co-ordinates of third vertex
-1+(-3) V1+9 =V10 units
C be (x, )
and length of CF will be = (5-0)+(1-12 .G(-2,1) isthe centroid ofthe AABC
in which A is (1, -6) and B is (-5, 2)

+(0)
=

y25+0 =

v25 =
5 units.
1+(-5)+x 1-5+x-4+x
-2- =
Co-ordinates of centroid G wil1 be 3 3 3
- 4 +x =- 6 x=-6 + 4=-2

3 3
-(G3-G Ans. and 1=- -6+2+-4+
3
Q.24. Find the co-ordinates of centroid of - 4 +y =3 y =3 +4 7
APQR whose vertices are P (6, 3), Q Co-ordinates of vertex C are (-2, 7) AnS.
-2, 5) and R(-1,7). Q.27. A (6, y), B (-4, 4) and C(x, -1) are the
Sol. Co-ordinates of P, Q and R P
are (6, 3), veritces of AABC whose centroid is the
Q-2,5) and R(-1,7) origin. Calculate the values ofx and y.
Let G be the centroid of the APQR Sol.:: Origin O(0, 0) is the centroid of the AABC
whose vertices are A (6, y), B(-4, 4)
.Co-ordinates of G will be
and C (x, -1)
X +X2tX3 1ty2 +y3 | 6+(-4)+r
3 3 .0 = 6-4+x =
0
3
2 t x =0 *=-2
3 or (1, 5)
a n d0 = t 4 - 1

Hence G is (1, 5) Ans. 3

Q.25. Findtthe co-ordinates of the y+4- 1 = 0 y + 3 =0
point of in- x=-2, y
=
-3 Ans.
ersection of the medians of the triangle y=-3

whose vertices are A (-7, 5),

 ABC is a triangle and G (4, 3)
is
mx2 +n
Q.28.
its centroid. If A (1. 3), B (4, b) and
x
m+n
mx3+nx(-
m +n
C (a, 1) be the vertices, find the values
of a and b and hence find the length of 3m-4n
side BC. (2011) m+n
Sol. In AABC, A (1. 3), B (4, 6) and C (a. 1)
are the vertices and G (4, 3) is the
and y=
my +ny 6m +2n
centroid of the AABC m +n
m+n
3 m + 3n = 6m + 2n
6m 3 m = 3n - 2n

m
3m n =
Ratio1:3
) From ()
B D C

4= 14+a 3x1-3x43-129
1+3 4
3 12 =1+4+a 4

a= 12- 1 -4 7 Co-ordinates of P are -9

4
and3 3+b+
3
9-4 +b
9
b9-4 5 (ii) AP--4++(2-3
a 7, b 5
Q.29. Calculate the ratio in which
the line
segment joining
A(4, 2) and B (3,6) is 49
divided by the point P
(x, 3). Also, find
+(-1) +1
16
i) x (i) length of AP.
Sol. Letpoint P (x, 3) divides the line (2014) 65 65
A(4,2) and B(3, 6) in the ratiosegment
m:n V16 4