Professional Documents
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Iodine Allowances
Iodine is especially important during pregnancy to meet the needs of
fetal development. An inadequate intake of iodine may result in goiter
in the mother or the child. The increased need for iodine can be met by
the regular use of iodized salt in food.
Vitamin Allowances
Thiamine and niacin allowances are increased in proportion to the
calorie increase while riboflavin allowances are increased according to
the higher protein level. The need for vitamin D is increased during
pregnancy to make easier the utilization of greater amounts of calcium
and phosphorus. Ascorbic acid, vital in tissue structure, is required in
considerably increased amounts.
Food Allowances
1. One ounce or 30 g of meat or its equivalent and an extra pint of
milk to the normal diet.
2. Daily consumption of the whole grain cereals; enriched bread; rice
;leafy green and yellow vegetables;and fresh dried fruits.
3. Liver at least once a week.
4. Egg in daily diet.
5. Fortified milk with vitamin D or fish liver oil.
6. Six to 8 glasses of water daily.
Toxemia
Rapid weight gain, edema, high blood pressure, excretion of
albumin in the urine, and convulsion are clinical manifestations of
toxemia.
Anemia
The classic macrocytic anemia of pregnancy represents a
combined deficiency of iron folic acid. It produces anemia in
babies and increases the chances of premature birth. Once
anemia is established, it is difficult to overcome the condition
even by raising the level of iron in the diet although its absorption
can be enhanced by the inclusion of ascorbic acid rich foods in the
same meal containing rich sources of iron.
Diabetes
A pregnant woman with diabetes is more prone to develop pre
eclampsia, pyelonephritis, and polyhydramnios (an excess of
amniotic fluid), and her baby has a higher risk of dying in utero or
at birth. Rigid control of maternal blood glucose concentration is
considered vital for a good prognosis of the fetus.
Constipation
Pressure exerted by the developing fetus on the digestive tract,
lack of exercise, and insufficient bulk in the diet cause
constipation, which if chronic or habitual, gives rise to headaches
and much discomfort. Lots of fresh fruits, vegetables, fluid, and
regular exercise can correct this disorder.