Vector quantity

A vector quantity has both magnitude and direction. It is typically represented by an arrow
whose direction is the same as that of the quantity and whose length is proportional to the
quantity’s magnitude.

Displacement- is defined to be the change in position of an object. It is the distance between an

object’s initial position and its final position and is usually measured or defined along a straight
line. Since this is a calculation that measures distance, the standard unit is the meter (m).

FORMULA
s = sf – si
s = displacement
si = initial position
sf = final position

EXAMPLE

A car travels along a straight road 100 m east then 50 m west. Find distance and displacement of
the car.

Displacement is 100 meters – 50 meters = 50 meters, to the East.

Acceleration- is the name we give to any process where the velocity changes. Since velocity is a
speed and a direction, there are only two ways for you to accelerate: change your speed or
change your direction—or change both.

FORMULA
a=acceleration
v=velocity
t-time
vf=final velocity
vi=initial velocity

a=v/t or a=vf-vi/t

EXAMPLE
A car accelerates uniformly from 22.5 m/s to 46.1 m/s in 2.47 seconds. Determine the
acceleration of the car.
Acceleration = (46.1 – 22.5 ) / 2.47 = 23.6 / 2.47 = 9.554 m/s2 Therefore, the value of
Acceleration is 9.554 m/s2
Weight-is the force of gravity exerted on an object. The mass of an object will never change, but
the weight of an item can change based on its location.

FORMULA
Weight = mass × gravity
Compute the weight of a body on the moon if the mass is 60Kg? g is given as 1.625 m/s2.
Answer:
It is known that,
m = 60 kg and
g = 1.625 m/s2
Formula for weight is,
W = mg
W = 60×1.625
W = 97.5 N

Velocity-Is the measurement of how quickly an object can move. Therefore, the velocity is the
change in the position of an object and then divided by the time.

v=velocity
t=time
d=distance

v=d/t

or

V=(Xf–Xi)/t
xf=final position
xi=initial position
A submarine descends 150 meters in 5 seconds. Find out the Velocity of the submarine.
d = 150 meter,
t = 5 seconds
V=dt
V=150/5
V= 30 m per sec.
Force-is defined as the change in position with respect to time.

f=ma

f=force
m=mass
a=acceleration

How much net force is required to accelerate a 1000 kg car at 4.00 m/s2?

Solution:

Given,

a = 4.00 m/s2

m = 1000 kg

Therefore, 

F = ma

= 1000 kg× 4 m/s2

= 4000 N