H-140 --~------------------ --- --- - ·-

©Nf1D1 ~~@ lYJ~Tirii.-.,

. ~.£w®~
J{YDRAULICS and
----=~ I
GEOTECJINICAL ENGINEERING
-~-···_,____-----·-.---,--~-- NOV. 2019 .

1. CE Board Nov. 2019 M =Pe

M=700(0.5)
A. rectangular footing 3 m x 2 m has a
th 'c~ness of 0.40 m. If P = 700 kN is acting at
d1 . - 1-50 m and d2 = 0.50, find the maximum
M=P( 1- ; )
soil. pressure, neglecting the weight of the
footing. 700(0.5) = 100(1- ; )
d =l.5 I
0.5 = _3 - x_
. A j d]=().50 3
- - ~' . 5 0 - -- 1.5 =3-x
1 2m x= 1.5
i
f
3m p= 2 (3)(1.5)

700 = fmax (3)( 1.5)

Solution:
2
e = ~.5 > ~ =0.333 fmax = 311.11 kPa

Soil pressure is triangular.

x= 1.5 I
~ ~ =1: . · CE Board Nov. 2019
A .
th· r:Ctangular fooling 3 m x 2 mhas 1
k~c. nes~ of 0.4 m. An eccentric load P=!l
-X -l . 18 acting at d1 = 1.0 and d2 =10 detennlt
3 th max. · soi·1 pressure considering· '1he ~-~
ofe
kN/ 1~bng. Assume concrete to weigh ~
·. I
m.
I
-I•
--t9J~ -
10.4

2m 3m
 H-141
•ci, Enlf•rl~ ucansure Exa111nauons
4· CE Board Nov. 2019
. solution:
:: _!_(3)(2) 3 =2 A recta_ngular footing 3 m x 2 m carries an
11
12 eccen~nc load P acting at d1 =1.5, d2 =0.6 m.
I ::~=4.5 What 18 th e area still in contact with the soil?
1 12 '
3 d1=1.5 __ !
e=0.5 = =.0.5
6
P MC
uset =-A•+ ~
ll8X I
.

Wt. of footing= 3(2)(0.4)(24) = 57.6 kN ..~-

I
3m
__ --- ,

(p + 57.6) M (1.5)
f -~__:_+-.--Y-
nm 3(2) IY
Solution:
f = 800 +57.6 + 800(0.5)(1.5)
nm 3(2) 4.5 2
x= 1.8 j
e >-
fnm =276.27 kPa 6
0.4 > 0.333

3. CE Board Nov. 2019 3

X

'
Arectangular footing 3 m x 2 m carries an I

eccentric load P =700 kN acting at d1 =1.5 I

,~--
I

m, d2 =1.0. Determine the max. soil pressure. I

Neglecting the weight of the footing. - --- - - ,-=--:-1
'\ 10,4
Solution: I

X
M=P(0.4)
2m
2 m ., M=P(1· i)
P(3-X)
0.4 P= - 3 -
l.5 1.5
1.2 =3-X
f ~p X =1.8
~~-
A
f ~ 700 Area st.ill in contact with soil:
~ ~ 3(2} =116.67 ~Pa
A= 3(x)
A=3(1.8)
A= 5.4m 2
 H -142
Clvll Engineering ucensure bamlnauons

5. CE Board Nov. 2019 7. CE Board Nov. 2019

Evaluate the kinetic energy of a unit weight of
A mercury barometer at the base
water in meters, flowing at 4 m/s?
mountain reads 620 mm. At the sam:f .the
another barometer at the top of a rn tirne,
Solution: reads 450 mm. Assuming w of air isounta·lO
v2 constant at 10 N/m 3, what is the approto_~
KE= -
2g height of the mountain? Pnate
KE= (4)2
2(9.81) Solution:
KE= 0.815
2 ,,

h \ :~i~Jn,3

6. CE Board Nov. 2019

The crest gate shown consists of a cylindrical I
(_
surface of which AB is the base, supported by
a structural frame hinged at C. The length of
the gate per perpendicular to the paper is 10 P1 = P2 + wh
m. Compute the horizontal force components P1- P2 = 10h
of the total pressure AB.
9810(13.6)(0.62) - 981 0(1:5.6)( 0.45) =10h
Solution: h = 2268 m.

B
I
• I
I (j'
ht
,,, '? 8. CE Board Nov. 2019
I
: 60.
A jet of water 25 mm in diameter and having a
6m velocity of 8 m/s strikes against a plat at right
angles. Determine the force on the plate if the
P=y hA plate is moving in the same direction as the ~t
with a uniform velocity of 3 mis.
~
P =9.81( }h)(10)
Solution:
h =6 Sin so·
~8.
h=S.196 VI =8
P = 9.81(5.196)2 (10)
5
P =529.74kN
·,- __,.., Ucansure Exa111nauons H-143

~
f pA(V1 - V2 )2 11. CE Board Nov. 2019
2 2
f =100o( : } 0.025 ) ( 6 - 3) A tria~g~lar gate or height 1.2 m and base
~- 9 .m is msta11ed in a position that its plane is
mchned 60 degrees with the horizontal with its
r:12.21N vertex at the top and the base Is parallel to the
water surface. The vertex is at a depth of 2 m
~- CE Board Nov. 2019 vertically below the water surface. Fresh water
is on one side of the gate. If the gate is hinged
hydraulic jack is used to raise a 10 kN car. A at the bottom, evaluate the force normal to the
A of 40 kN is applied on a _25 cn:1 .dia,:net~r gate at its vertex that will be required to open it
:er. What diameter of Jack mm ,s m in kN .
~uired to raise the car?
1
Solution:
Solution:
s-~2 =0.08148 KN/cm2
- {(25)
F
S= -
I A
. 10
0.08148 = ~ d2
4

d=125cm= 125mm

10. CE Board Nov. 2019 Hinged

cemer of
Aclosed cylindrical tank, 1 min diameter, 3 _m pressure
h~h. is full of water. It is rotating about its
vertical axis with a speed of 120 rpm. Find the h =2 + 0.8 Sin so·
-re at the top just under the cover along
Ille circumference. ti =2.693 m
P=y hA
lotut;on: )h p =9.81(2.693)(1)(1.2)(0,9)
Q)::~ __ ::;-_:__ _

60 f---
•'
-t:I ----)1
,, h
p =14.2kN ·.
<o:: 12.57 ,.,.,,.,sec. :\ , ,, : l,
--- au,.

,,," ... CO2 r2

2g
I I
I
\'

'
,
,_
, I
I
-

0.826
3m
; ~~ P=l4.3 kN
\ , ~

h, 2(9.81)
.. 2.01 rn 0.374
, 1.2
D= I.Om
h~h
P. ~ 981
. (2.01) =19.75 l(Pa
 H-144 ,
CIVIi En11111r1nu ucensure bamlnadons

-- + 2
y - O.B Sin 60- Solution:

s =~
y =3.109 C I ( po + LlP J
1 +e C og p
I = 0.9(1.2)3 = 0.0432
l
0

9 36 s = 8(0.315) 1. ( 200 + 120_

Ss =Ay 1+ 1.132 og 200

S = (0.9)(1. 2) (3.109) S =0.241 m.

s 2
- - - - -- - . . -· ··· -·
Ss = 1.679
13. CE Board Ndtf a
I A woman with a glass of water having a height
e=-g
ss of 300 mm is inside the elevator with an
upward acceleration of 3 m/s2. Determine the
0 0432
e= · =0.0257 pressure at the bottom of the glass.
1.679
d =e +0.8 Solution:
I

d =0.0257 + 0.8
p=yh(1+
w
a)
• g
d =0.8257

Force normal to the gate at its vertex that will .p = 9.81(0.3)( 1+ ~)

be required to open it in kN: 9.81
LMA=O p = 3.84kPa
I
14.3(0.374) = F(1.2)
F = 4.45kN
14. CE Board Nov. 2019

A ship having a displacement of 24000 tons

12. CE Board Nov. 2019
Evaluate the plastic settlement. in meter(s), on
a layer of plastic clay due to an increase of
pressure caused by loads above it under the
following conditions:
Initial intergranular pressure = 200 kPa
Increase in integranular pressure = 120 kPa
Thickness of the clay layer = m a
Coefficient of consolidation = 0.315
Void ratio of the clay= 1. 1°32
' W =235440kN
and a draft of 10.5 m in the ocean enters a
harbor of fresh water. If · horizontal cross·
section of the ship flt the water line i~ 3000
sq.m, what depth of fresh water is req~ired 10
float the ship? Assume a marine tone 1s 1_~
kg and that seawater and fresh water werg
10.1 kN/m3 and 9.81 kN/m3 respectively.
Solution:
W = 24000(1000)(9.81)
1000
I, Cflll EnglnNrlRD Ucansura Examinauons H-145

1
w
Solution:
11',S ,

__
·_ _ _ •_
!~;
CJ

d1=10.5 · •inal w il •"'face

H = 12 m -- -- - - ~ JS
Salt water
y=IO.I kN/m3

W=VD e -- e- -1 e
w I 3
w
v=-o 2
e. = -· e
I 3
V=Ad
s - -·H!e\ _ ,_,1_
~e)

d= ~ 1+e
A Fresh water
y=9 .81 kN/m 3 S::: 12[ e . 2/3eJ·
1+ e
'
S = 12[ 0.90 - i(0.90)]
A1 =A2 =3000 m2 1+ 0.90

d -d = v2 v1 ~. S =1.89m
2 1 ,;·,;:
2 1

d2 -d = ~ - ~ 16. CE Board Nov. 2019

1 3000

d2 -10.5= v- ~ 3000
In accordance with the Boussinesq theory, the
stress at depth Z, a semi-infinite,
homogeneous. isotropic soil mass below the
, d2 :: 10.73 m. corner of a flexible area B x L in plan due to a
uniform load "q" per unit area may be
estimated from the expression P = q lz. The
value of lz may be obtained from the table
attached. A square footing 4 m. on a side
15· cEBoard Nov.
2019 transmits a load of 1.6 MN onto the soil where
a layer of clay is formed at a depth of 8 m. to
Alayer of soft cla h .
. Of0.9Q i Y avmg an .m1t1a
. . I "d t·
vo1 ra 10 12 m. below the base of the footing.
~ ap \ 12 m. thick. Under a compressive
. decreas! led above it, the void ratio is CD Deter~ine the pressure exerted by the
reduction ; by one-third. Evaluate the footing onto the surface.
· in th8 thickness of the clay layers. ® Estimate the stress in kPa, below t~e
c~nter of the footing the load at the m~d-
height of the clay layer in accordance with
Boussinesq theory·
H-146
Clvll En11naer111 ucansure Examlnadons
A
@ If the stress induced on the underlying soil. m=- n= ~
formation is just to spread on an angle of
2 z
2 vertical to 1 horizontal, evaluate the m= -2 ·=·0.20 n- 2
-10 =0.2
stress at the mid height of the clay below 10
the center of the footing with this
assumption.
m = n =0.20
Solution:
CD Pressure exerted by the footing onto the lz = 0.018 from the table 3 _ 1,
P = qlz ,Page H-349;
suiface I J kN
tP=l6CI
P = 100(0.018)(4)
q=: ➔---1< 4m .~; ➔- - - P= 7.2kPa

NOTE: There are four smaller e

q = 1600 that shares comer A. qua/ areas
4(4) .. .. . 4m
q = 1001cPa . ..
Stress at mid height of clay using 2'1
'

. I
@
method ·
4m p

@ Stress below the center of the footing the

lo~d at the mid-height of the clay layer
usmg &ussinerhoo~ •·
r-_,.g-f:,;;J.-,,
, ~ I
I :.
8 m!
I

, : I
I : ,
·1 ! ;z=lOm
• m_
l-- ,
, ,.;' .s• _·: · • , ... •
l

., I

I .· I

q= p
2m
. A
A'
I q = 1600
I
I 14(14)
I
The4 m .x 4 mcon · t, q =8.16kPa
equal areas of 2 ,;, x 2 s,s s of 4 SIJ)aller
corner of these ~ . m. and each of the
A. our areas shears comer
 .. ~
I ---
~
I 'm=Alz n=Blz or m=A/z
0. 7 I 0.8 I 0.9 11.0 11.2 11.5 12.0 12.5 13.0 15.0 110.0 1 oo
~ 11 ~FYz/ o., 1•1 o.3 10.41 o.s Io.6
0.1 0.005 0.009 0.013 0.017 0.020 0.022 0.024 0.026 0.027 0.028 0.029 0.030 0.031 0.031 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032
~
~ 0.009 • 0.026 0.033 0.039 0.043 0.047 0.050 0.053 0.055 0.057 0.059 · 0.061 0.062 0.062 0.062 0.062 0.062
•
::::,
- 0.3 0.013 0.026 0.037 0.047 0.056 0.063 0.069 0.073 0.077 0.079 0.083 0.086 0.089 0.90 0.090 0.090 0.090 0.090
=ti
C o.4 0.011 o.033 o.047 0.060 0.011 o.oao a.oar o.093 o.o9a 0.101 0.10s 0.110 0.113 0.115 0.115 0.115 0.115 0.115
CD
::::,
· C') 0.5 0.020 0.039 0.056 0.071 0.084 0.095 0.103 0.110 0.116 0.1'20 0.126 0.131 0.135 0.137 0.137 0.137 0.137 0.137
CD
C')
0.6 0.022 0.043 0.063 0.080 0.095 0.107 0.117 0.125 0.131 0.136 j0,143 , 0.149 10.153 0.155 0.156 0.156 "0.156 0.156
0 0.1 0.024 o.047 o.069 0.081 0.103 0.111 0.12a 0.137 o.1°44 o.149 10.151 /0.154 /o.rns 10.110 0.111 0.112 0.112 0.112
CD
3\ . ' 1
r I
o.a 0.026 o.o5o 0.013 0.093 0.110 0.125 o.137 o.146 0.154 a.mo ,o.rna :o.176 ;o.rn1 lo.1a3 0.181 o.185 o.185 o.185
•
Q.
CD o.9 0.021 o.053 0.011 0.098 0.116 0.131 0.144 0.154 o.1s2 !0.1oa 10.1,s :o.1a6 1o.rn2 10.194 /o.19s 0.196 0.196 0.196
=>
- en 1.0 0.028 0.055 0.079 0.101 0.120 0.136 0.149 0.160 0.168 !0.175 i0,185 : 0.19.) ; 0.200 /0.202 / 0203 0.204 I 0.205 0.205
~
o' 1.2 0.029 0.051 0.083 0.10s 0.126 0.143 0.159 o.1ss o.11a Io.1ss ;o.rna ,0.20s ! 0.212 /o.21s i 0.21s 0.211 0.21a 0.218
en 1.5 o.o3o 0.059 0.086 0.110 0.131 o.149 0.164 0.116 o.186 ! a.193 :o.2os ! 0.215 ; 0.223 10.22s 0.228 / 0.229 0.230 0.230
1
5" l
2.0 . 0.031 0.061 o.089 0.113 0.135 0.153 o.169 o.1a1 0.192 I0.200 0.212 0.223 ! 0.232 i0.236 0.238 0.239 0.240 0.240
=> 2.5 0.031 0.062 0.090 0.115 0.137 0.155 0.170 0.183 0.194 0.202 i0.215 !0.226 / 0.236 i0.240 0.242 10.244 0.244 0.244
<O
C:
ti> 3.0 0.032 0.062 0.090 0.115 0.137 0.156 0.171 0.184 0.195 0.203 lo.216 0.228 l 0.238 /0.242 0.244 0.246 0.247 0.247
-,
Q) s.o 0.032 0.062 0.090 0.115 o.137 o.156 0.112 o.185 0.196 0.204 0.217 0.229 /0.239 '0.244 0.246 0.249 0.249 o.249
coQ) 10.0 10.032 0.062 0.090 0.115 0.137 0.156 0.172 0.185 0.196 0.205 0.218 0.230 I 0.240 0.244 0.247 0.249 0.250 0250
(,/) oo 1
\ 0.032 0.062 0.090 0.115 0.137 0.156 0.172 0.185 0.196 0.205 0.218 0.230 / 0.240 0.244 0.247 0.249 0.250 0.250

I
....~
~
~
 H-148
CMI Enlllnaerlnu ucansurt EX1mlnat1ons
'
Solution:
17. CE Board Nov. 2019 60
Sin 0 =
· A cohesionless specimen of soil under triaxial 120
shear test was consolidated under a chamber 0 =30•
pressure of 60 kPa. The axial stress on the
specimen was then increased and failure
stress occurred when the axial stress reached
120 kPa. Estimate the angle of internal friction
19. CE Board Nov.·1\ •19
of the soil in degrees.
W~at should be the discharged velocity of
rectangular canal having :.t depth of 1 2 a
Solution:
a width of 5.4 m if it has a slope of o:oo~ aM
nd
n = 0.013. a

Solution:

r=30 r=30
90 1.2 m

. 30 5.4 m
S1n0=-
90
0 = 19.47"
A= 5.4(1.2)
A= 6.48
18. CE Board Nov. 2019 P = 1.2(2) + 5.4
P= 7.8
Th_e result of a consolidated drained tri-axial A
soil test conducted on a consolidated I
-as follows: c ay are
R=-p
Cha~ber confining pressure: 0'3 = 60 kPa 6.48
R = 7.8 =0.831
Devrator stress at failure, ~D = 120 kPa
Compute the angle of internal friction in
degrees. V = ;_ R213
8112
n

V = 0.~ (0.831)~3 (0.001)"

13 , .
V =2.15 mis .
O=AV
r=60 Q = 6.48(2.15)
r=60
Q = 13.93 m3/sec
,1D =120
f CfVII En11neer1na Ucensure Exami
----;;;;;;; ;;;;;---==
' ,. .,..,..,..,r.1:e~.,~, ~.-,., ,~.,-.mi,~,..,-,
:na~t1~on~s:_____ _
. -~·---
H-149

Asoil sample has a. water content ~f SO% and

&MD~x,sw;,Mwe
~
I degree of saturation of 90%. Find the v0.d
~tio of nit has a sp.gr. = 2.67. '
The wet unit w • h
kN/m3. The soil erg t of a soil sample ,s 14.9
the Sp.gr. of theh!~t water content of 12%. If
Weight. IS 2-67 , find the dry unit
I
solution:
ro Gs Solution:
Is=-e 80(2.67)
"(wet ='¥dry (1 + co)
14 ,9 ='¥dry (1 + 0.12)'
oo= e
Yjry = 13.30 kN/m3
e=2.37

:lS:;)t~_'Soard Nov. 2019

21. CE Board Nov. 2019
Afireman has to put out a fire but is blocked
by a firewall. To reach over the wail, he
directed the water jet from the nozzle at an
angle of 30· to the horizontal. Evaluate the
velocity of the water in meters per second,
leaving the nozzle of his hose to reach over
the wall if he stands 30 m. away from the wall
and the wall js standing 2 m. higher than the
nozzle of the hose. Neglect friction in the jet.
A 450 kN is trans~itted by a column footing
onto the surface through a square footing 1.5
m. on a side. Assuming that the force exerted
on the underlying soil formation spreads on 2
vertical to 1 horizontal, evaluate the pressure
exerted in footing on a soil 2.7 m. below it.
Solution: .
450kN

;olutiori:

2.7m

- ·-·
~::xtane. gx2 J .35 1.5
2v 2 Cos 2 e 4.2
2
h30tan 30• _ 9.81(30)
2(V) 2 Cos 2 30° 450
p = (4.2) 2
15,32:: ~
v2 p =25.51 kPa
Ii ...
V .._ 19
,6m/s
 H-150
Clvll En11neer1n1 ucensura EXamlnado~s
•
V2-V1 = h(A)
24. CE Board Nov. 2019
20000 - 19417.48 =·h(3000)
A ship having a displacement of 20000 metr!c h=0.194m
tones enters a harbor of fresh water. The ship
captain recorded a draft of 8.4 m. while the
ship was still in seawater (sp.gr. = 1.03). Draft in fresh water = 8.4 + 0.1 94 .
Obtain the draft in meters of the ship in fresh
Draft in fresh water = 8.594 m.
water if the horizontal section of the ship
below the water line is 3000 · m3 in both
instances.

Solution:
-
~hat i~ th~ frictio~ angle of the soil when the
coefficient of passive ff:·sistance is 5?

Solution:
K = 1+ Sin 0
P 1- Sin 0

5
= 1_+ Sin 8
' 0
BF1
1-Sin 0
Sea water (sp. gr. = 1.03)
5 - 5 Sin 8 =1 + Sin 0
6Sin8 =4
0 = 41.8"

26. CE Board Nov. 2019

BF2 A mercury barometer reads 660. mm. ·

What
water
Fresh water would be the corresponding reading in
barometer?
Vol. displaced in seawater:
W=V (sp.gr.) 'Yw Solution:
. 20000(10Q0) =V1(1.03)(1000) h = 0.66(t3.6)
V1 =19417.48 m3 h =8.98 m. of water

J '

Vol. displaced in fresh water:

20000(1000) =v2(1000)
V2 =20000 m3
-• EnUlnearlna Ucansura Examlnauons H-151

f11il=MU·14·lff4D
A rectangular tank ~f internal width . 7 m.
tH&·MitWM♦Wfl
partitioned as shown, 1t contains oil and water. A rectangular tank has ..
ASSume unit wt. of water is 9.79 kN/m3. contains oil and water. If~h~a:~,i°~atown. It
of 0.84, find its depth h. a sp.gr.
(DIf the oil has a sp.gr. of ·o.84, find its depth
h.
@ If a 900 N block of wood is floated in oil,
what is the volume of wood submerged .
@ If a 900 N block of wood is floated in oil.
what is the rise in free surface of the water
in contact with air?
Solution:
Solution:
9.81(h)(0.80) - 1(9.81) = 0
h = 1.19 m of oil

l-osm ---1m ---

·29~?CE Board Nov. 2019
900 N A tank contains two liquids having a sp.gr. of
0.6 and 1.0 respectively. An object having a

h1 I - --~ '
, Hi()
l
4m
weight of 0.50 kN (sp.gr. = 0.8) is placed in the
container and is submerged s~ch that a
portion of the object _
is ~bove the interface of
the two liquids. Determine the volu~e ~f the
::=_ :::;::_
\11.!:::o.sm--_ -===~J object above the interface of the two hqu1d~.

Solution:
G) Depth "h":
0+9.79 (0.84) h- 9.79 (1) = 0 w
h: 1.19 m.
~ Volume of wood:
0.900 =9.79 (Vs)(0.84)
V =0.0637 m3
Vs=0.10944 m3. (vol. of wood
V =V1 + V2
submerged)
~ . O.O637 =V1 + V2 sp.g1: :::c I·O
, R,_se in free surface of the water in contact
Wffh air BF1 =V1 (0.6)(9.81)
.
s· .
ince the volume of oil does not change: BF 1 =5.886 V1
119 '
· (0.5)(7) -t1O.1O944 = h1 (O.5)(7) BF2 =V2(1)(9.81)
hi =1.221 m.
BF2 =9.81 V2
H-JS1
CIVIi Enllnlll'lnt ucensure Ell■lnlll•
W= BF,+ BF2 V = __J_(0.75f3(0 oo.1r2
0.012 .
0.50 :: 5.886 V1 + 9.81 V2
V =2.175
V2=0.0637 - .V1
0.50 =5.886 V1 + 9.81(0.0637 • V1) Q=AV
0.50 =5.886 V1 + 0.624897 - 9.81 V1 a =4.8(2.175)
3.924 V1 =0.624897 - 0.50 Q = 10.44 m'/sec.
V1 =0.0318 m3
32. CE Board Nov. 2019
30. CE Board Nov. 2019
Determine the disc 1.J~ge flowing in a pi
having a diameter r..: 1 51') mmand a head:
Whe at any instant, the number of particles
of 3 m/km. Friction f2.: :or :: 0.025. ss
passing every section of the stream are
always equal, the flow is said to be _ _
Solution:
a) Continuous t"
b} Steady flow hf= f L v2
02g
c} Turbulent flow
d} laminar flow = 0.025(1000)V~
3
0.15(2)(9.81)
V =0.594m's
31. CE Board Nov. 2019 Q=AV

Ar~ctangular canal has a depth of 1'.2 m and Q=: (0.15) 2 (0.594)

a width of 4 m. It has a slope of 0.001 and
n = 0.0 12· Compute the discharge flowing in Q = 0.0105 m3 I sec.
the canal.

Solution: 33. CE Board Nov. 2019

1.2m l In accordance with Rankine's Theory, what
angle e in degrees, results in a coe~t of
lateral pressure equal to 4.00 of a honzontal
V = -1 R213 5v2 4m backfill?
n
A= 4(1.2) =4.8 m2 Solution:
P =4 + 2( f .2) =6.4 m K = ,1+Sin 8
R= A
1-Sin 8
p
4
= 1+ Sin 8
_ 4.8 1- Sin 8"
R -6A =Q.75 4 - 4 Sin a=1 + Sin e
5 Sin 8 =3
8 =36.9"