STANDARD CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS PART 2 – ROAD STRUCTURES

testing methods. Repair of the membrane system following destructive testing shall be in
accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations.
• Coverage Rates: Rates for all layers shall be monitored by checking quantity of material
used against the area covered.
• Holidays (pinholes): All horizontal and vertical surfaces shall be scanned by the applicator for
holidays (pinholes) by using the proper equipment followed by local touch up spraying at
these pinhole locations. No pinholes will be accepted in the completed waterproofing system.
Detailed shop drawings shall be submitted for the Engineer’s approval.

28.4 Type C Waterproofing Membranes

Type C waterproofing membranes shall be furnished and supplied by the Contractor as specified
herein to all concrete and block masonry surfaces where Type A waterproofing is impractical, as
indicated in the Contract plans, the particular specifications, or directed by the Engineer.

28.4.1 Type C Waterproofing Materials

Type C waterproofing shall be cold applied, single component, water based, emulsified rubber
modified bitumen coating that can be applied on damp substrates of closed or confined areas. The
membrane shall have a minimum overall thickness of 2.0 mm.
The properties of the waterproofing membrane shall not significantly diminish with age. The provision
of test data and/or evidence of successful performance of the membrane in climatic conditions similar
to the UAE shall be a condition of acceptance. Type C membranes shall meet the following physical
properties as shown in Table 28-7.
Table 28-7: Physical properties of Type C membranes

Test Method Requirement

Property
- > 10 %
Rubber Content
ASTM D638-10 5 N/mm2 minimum
Tensile Strength
ASTM D412 - 06a(2013) 30% minimum
Elongation
ASTM D4541 - 09e1, and > 0.75 MPa
Adhesion Strength BS 1881-207:1992
- Non flammable
Flammability
- < 90 minutes
Drying Time
ASTM C309 - 11 < 0.50 kg/m3
Curing Efficiency (water loss)

28.4.2 Application of Type C Waterproofing

a. The application temperature shall be between 4o C to 45o C.
b. Surfaces shall be cleaned thoroughly of all contaminants like dust, traces of curing
compound, oil and grease by light mechanical grinding, grit blasting, or high pressure water
jet as needed and as directed by the Engineer. All surface imperfections or protrusions shall
be removed and repaired. Structurally unsound concrete and friable concrete shall be
removed and repaired with a suitable concrete repair mortar as approved by the Engineer.
c. Priming coating shall be applied in two coats on the surface prior to the application of the
bitumen coating. The second coat shall be applied only after the first coat dries of completely.
In case of delay in application of the second coat for more than 24 hours, a fresh coat of
primer shall be reapplied.

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STANDARD CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS PART 2 – ROAD STRUCTURES

d. Depending on the dry film thickness required, the rubberized bitumen coating shall be applied
at a rate recommended by the manufacturer and approved by the Engineer.
e. On vertical surfaces, the coating shall be applied in multiple layers. Subsequent coats shall
be applied only after the previous coat dries off completely and shall be applied at right angles
for the previous coat. Clean dry sand shall be broadcasted onto the wet coating.
f. The coating shall be cured for a minimum period of 48 hours before applying any protection
board or backfilling.
g. The Contractor shall ensure that the first coat is not punctured during the application of the
second coat. If the coating is damaged, the damaged area shall be over coated provided the
surface preparation is done properly.
h. Type C membrane shall be protected by protection boards as per Section 28.2.3. On vertical
surfaces, protection boards shall be fixed on the membrane by a double sided bitumen
adhesive tape as per the manufacturer recommendations.

28.4.3 Storage of Type C Membranes

Products shall be stored in a covered area, away from direct sunlight, UV and other source of heat.
The Contractor shall demonstrate to the Engineer that the shelf life of the stored products has not
exceeded the manufacturer recommended shelf life.

28.5 Type D Waterproofing Membranes

When required by the Contract plans or particular specifications, the waterproofing of roadway
surfaces of concrete bridge decks, tunnels, approach slabs and other areas shall be as described
below. This section applies to proprietary liquid spray applied waterproofing systems.

28.5.1 Type D Liquid Spray Applied Waterproofing Systems

28.5.1.1 Materials and Submittals for Liquid Spray Applied Systems
All materials shall comply with the requirements of Waterproofing and Surfacing of Concrete Bridge
Decks (BD 47/99), and its Appendix B, Certification Test Requirements for Waterproofing Systems
on Concrete Bridge Decks, and the requirements of this section.
The waterproofing system shall provide long term protection to the concrete from the ingress of
water-borne chlorides or other deleterious substances.
Waterproofing for bridge decks shall be rapid curing and liquid spray applied conforming to the
requirements of Section 28.3.4 and this section. A total thickness of ≥ 4.0 mm (DFT) including peaks
and arises shall be applied in two coats in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations
and as approved by the Engineer. Sufficient time shall be allowed for the first coat to adequately
cure prior to the application of the second coat. The waterproofing shall incorporate an anti-slip
aggregate under traffic areas, as per the manufacturer’s recommendations, in the final coat. The
finished membrane shall be free of pinholes.
Good adhesion shall be provided between the membrane and the concrete and between the
membrane and the asphalt by the use of compatible, purpose made primer and tack coats. Adhesion
between the membrane and the concrete shall be at least 2.0 MPa average. The membrane shall
have good flexibility and be able to bridge live cracks of up to 3mm.
The waterproofing membrane, primer and bonding agents including tack coat shall be compatible
with each other.
The use of ventilating layers, partial bonding or bond breakers with the waterproofing system shall
not be permitted.
The membrane shall be resistant to water and chloride ion penetration, embrittlement, abrasion, UV
degradations, pedestrian traffic, indentation by hot or cold aggregates and the effect of placing
asphalt.

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