New Century Mathematics (2nd edition) New Century Mathematics (2nd edition)

5. Vertical distance between A and B = (228  100) m

= 128 m 1A
Topics in Book 3B Horizontal distance between A and B = 3  25 000 cm
= 75 000 cm
Solutions = 750 m 1A
vertical distance
Gradient of AB =
Short Questions horizontal distance
1 128 m
= 1M
1. Volume of the sphere n 750 m
3 n = 6, cor. to the nearest integer
4  12 
=  π    cm3 1M+1A ∴ The gradient of AB is 1 : 6. 1A
3 2
= 288 cm3 1A
6. (a) ADHG is the required plane. 1A
2. Front view Top view Side view
(b) GH is the line of intersection of the planes CBGH and ADHG. 1M
∵ DH  GH and AG  GH.
∴ DHC (or AGB) is the angle between the plane CBGH and 1A
the plane obtained in (a).

4
7. (a) Slope of L =
3
62 4
1A+1A+1A = 1M
k  (2k ) 3
4 4
=
3. In DTC, 3k 3
∵ TD = TC (property of rectangle) 1M 12 = 12k
∴ TDC = TCD (base s, isos. △) 1A k=1 1A
ATD = TDC + TCD (ext.  of △) 1M
62 = 2TCD (b) Let (x , 0) be the coordinates of the point where L cuts the x-axis.
TCD = 31 60 4
=
i.e. ACD = 31 1A kx 3
6 4
= 1M
1 x 3
2 1
4. (a) P(‘3’ or ‘4’) = = 1A 18 = 4(1  x)
6 3
1 18 = 4  4x
Estimated number of occurrences = 300  1M
3 4x = 14
= 100 1A 7
x =
2
 7 
(b) P(‘3.5’) = 0 1A ∴ The coordinates of the point where L cuts the x-axis are   , 0  . 1A
 2 
Estimated number of occurrences = 0 1A

© Oxford University Press 2021 Book 3B Solutions P.1 © Oxford University Press 2021 Book 3B Solutions P.2
 New Century Mathematics (2nd edition) New Century Mathematics (2nd edition)

8. (a) Let VH be the height of the pyramid. 3

10. (a) P(white ball) =
1 5
HE =  BC
2 x 3
= 1M
1 20 5
=  16 cm
2 5x = 60
= 8 cm x = 12 1A
In the right-angled triangle VHE,
V 2
(b) P(white ball) =
3
12  y 2
17 cm = 1M+1M
20  y 3
3(12 + y) = 2(20 + y)
H 8 cm E 36 + 3y = 40 + 2y
VH = VE  HE 2 2 y=4 1A

= 17  8 cm2 2
1M+1A
20
= 15 cm 11. (a) Slope of AB = 1M
3  (1)
∴ The height of the pyramid is 15 cm. 1A
1
= 1A
2
1 40
(b) Volume of the pyramid =  16 2  15 cm3 1M Slope of AC =
3  3  (1)
= 1 280 cm3 1A = 2
1
Slope of AB  slope of AC =  ( 2) 1M
9. Refer to the notations in the figure. 2
= 1
N
∴ AB  AC 1A
C D B
60 60
(b) AB = [3  (1)]  (2  0) units
2 2
1M
A = 4 2  2 2 units
AB = 4  3 km = 20 units 1A
AC = [3  (1)]  (4  0) units
2 2
= 12 km 1A
In ABD,
= (2)  4 units
2 2

BD
sin 60 = 1M = 20 units
AB
Area of ABC
BD = AB sin 60
1
= 12 sin 60 km 1A =  AB  AC
2
The required distance = 2  BD 1
=  20  20 sq. units 1M
= 2  12 sin 60 km 1M 2
= 20.8 km, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 1A = 10 sq. units 1A

© Oxford University Press 2021 Book 3B Solutions P.3 © Oxford University Press 2021 Book 3B Solutions P.4
 New Century Mathematics (2nd edition) New Century Mathematics (2nd edition)

12. (a) AD = BC (opp. sides of //gram) Long Questions

EC = BC  BE
= (8  4) cm 13. (a) Distance between point A and the plane EFGH
= 4 cm 1A = AF
In BCD, = 10 cm 1A
∵ BE = EC = 4 cm and
BD // EF (given) 1M (b) Line AH and the plane EFGH intersect at H, and
∴ DF = FC (intercept theorem) the projection of A on the plane EFGH is F. 1M
FC = 3 cm 1A ∴ FH is the projection of AH on the plane EFGH. 1A

(b) ∵ CE = EB = 4 cm and (c) FH is the projection of AH on the plane EFGH. 1M

CF = FD = 3 cm 1M AHF is the angle between AH and the plane EFGH. 1A
1
∴ EF = DB (mid-pt. theorem)
2 (d) BG is the line of intersection between planes ABGF and BCHG. 1A
DB = 2  4.5 cm
= 9 cm 1A 14. (a) In ABC,
AB = DC (opp. sides of //gram) AB
tan 55 = 1M
= DF + FC 50 m
= (3 + 3) cm AB = 50 tan 55 m
= 6 cm 1A = 71.4 m, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 1A
Perimeter of ABD
= (6 + 9 + 8) cm (b) In ABD,
= 23 cm 1A AB
tan 37 = 1M
BD
AB
BD =
tan 37
50 tan 55
= m 1A
tan 37
CD = BD  BC
 50 tan 55 
=  50  m 1M+1A
 tan 37 
= 44.8 m, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 1A

© Oxford University Press 2021 Book 3B Solutions P.5 © Oxford University Press 2021 Book 3B Solutions P.6
 New Century Mathematics (2nd edition) New Century Mathematics (2nd edition)

15. (a) Let x cm3 be the volume of cone B. 16. (a) The table below lists all the possible outcomes.
3
96 π cm 3  4 Card drawn from box B
=  
 1M+1A 4 5 6
 9
3
x cm
96 π 8 1 (1 , 4) (1 , 5) (1 , 6)

Card drawn
=

from box A
x 27 3 (3 , 4) (3 , 5) (3 , 6)
x = 324 5 (5 , 4) (5 , 5) (5 , 6)
∴ The volume of cone B is 324 cm3. 1A 7 (7 , 4) (7 , 5) (7 , 6)
9 (9 , 4) (9 , 5) (9 , 6) 1M
(b) Let r cm and R cm be the base radii of cone A and cone B respectively. Total number of possible outcomes = 15 1M
1 (i) Number of favourable outcomes = 14 1M
 π  R 2  12 = 324 1M
3 14
∴ P(different numbers) = 1A
R2 = 81 15
R=9
∴ The base radius of cone B is 9 cm. 1A (ii) Number of favourable outcomes = 4 1M
r 2 4
= ∴ P(consecutive integers) = 1A
R 3 15
r 2
= 1M
9 3 (iii) Number of favourable outcomes = 2 1M
r=6 2
∴ P(sum is 9) = 1A
∴ The base radius of cone A is 6 cm. 1A 15

(c) Volume of each smaller cone (b) Since all cards in box A are odd numbers, the product of the numbers
1 on the two cards drawn from box A must be an odd number.
=  (96 π  324 π ) cm3
20 i.e. Number of favourable outcomes = 0 1M
= 21 cm3 1A ∴ P(product is an even number) = 0 1A
Let h cm be the height of cone A.
h cm 2
=
12 cm 3
h=8
∴ The height of cone A is 8 cm.
3
 Height of cone A   8 cm  3
  =   =8
 Height of each smaller cone   4 cm 
Volume of cone A 96π cm 3 32
= 3 =
Volume of each smaller cone 21π cm 7
32
∵ 8 1M
7
∴ Cone A is not similar to the smaller cone. 1A

© Oxford University Press 2021 Book 3B Solutions P.7 © Oxford University Press 2021 Book 3B Solutions P.8
 New Century Mathematics (2nd edition) New Century Mathematics (2nd edition)

82 18. (a) Refer to the notations in the figure.

17. (a) (i) Slope of BD = 1M
4  10 A B
= 1 1A

X D
(ii) Suppose (‒4 , 6) are the coordinates of C. C

60
Slope of AC = = 1
42 E F
∵ Slope of AC = slope of BD 1M
In AEF,
∴ AC // BD 1A
∵ AC = CE and CX // EF. (given) 1M
86 1
Slope of CD = = ∴ AX = XF (intercept theorem) 1A
4  (4) 4
20 1 ∵ AC = CE and AX = XF. 1M
Slope of AB = =
10  2 4 1
∴ CX = EF (mid-pt. theorem) 1A
∵ Slope of CD = slope of AB 2
∴ CD // AB 1A In ABF,
∴ ABDC is a parallelogram. 1A ∵ AX = XF and AB // XD.
i.e. (‒4 , 6) can be the coordinates of C. 1A ∴ BD = DF (intercept theorem)
∵ AX = XF and BD = DF.
1
(b) Coordinates of the mid-point of BD ∴ XD = AB (mid-pt. theorem)
2
 10  4 2  8 
= ,  1M 1 1
CX + XD = EF  AB 1M
 2 2 
2 2
= (7 , 5) 1A 1
CD = ( AB  EF )
Since ABCD is a parallelogram, the coordinates of the mid-point 2
of AC are (7 , 5). 1M 2CD = AB + EF 1A
Let (x , y) be the coordinates of C.
Consider the x-coordinate of the mid-point of AC. (b) Refer to the notations in the figure.
2 x A G B
7= 1M
2
14 = 2 + x
C Y D
x = 12
Consider the y-coordinate of the mid-point of AC.
0 y E F
5= H
2
2CY = AG + EH (from the result of (a)) 1M
y = 10
2YD = GB + HF
∴ The coordinates of C are (12 , 10). 1A
∵ CY = YD (diagonals of //gram) 1M
∴ AG + EH = GB + HF 1A

© Oxford University Press 2021 Book 3B Solutions P.9 © Oxford University Press 2021 Book 3B Solutions P.10
 New Century Mathematics (2nd edition) New Century Mathematics (2nd edition)

Multiple-choice Questions Solutions 8. The answer is B.

AB = 6 cm
Answers 1. The answer is B. AC = AB 2  BC 2 cm
AEB= 90 (property of rhombus) = 6 2  6 2 cm
No. Answer 3x = 90 = 8.49 cm, cor. to 3 sig. fig.
1. B x = 30 AD = DC = 6 cm
2. A
1
3. C DN =  DC
2. The answer is A. 2
4. A 1
In ABC, =  6 cm
5. C 2
15 m
6. B tan ABC = = 3 cm
20 m
7. B
ABC = 36.9, AN = AD 2  DN 2 cm
8. B
9. C cor. to the nearest 0.1 = 6 2  3 2 cm
10. D ∴ Its inclination is 36.9. = 6.71 cm, cor. to 3 sig. fig.
11. A VD = VN 2  DN 2 cm
12. C 3. The answer is C.
= 4 2  3 2 cm
13. A
= 5 cm
14. B 4. The answer is A.
15. D BV = VD = 5 cm
16. A ∴ AC has the greatest length.
5. The answer is C.
17. C
18. C 9. The answer is C.
19. A 6. The answer is B. Volume of the frustum
20. C 1 1 
21. A 7. The answer is B. =   (14  12)  (5  5)   (7  6)  5 cm3
3 3 
22. B Total surface area of the hemisphere = (560  70) cm3
23. A  1 2
=  π  6   4  π  6  mm2
2 = 490 cm3
24. C  2 
25. C
= (36 + 72) mm2 10. The answer is D.
26. B
= 108 mm2
27. C
28. B
29. A
30. C

© Oxford University Press 2021 Book 3B Solutions P.11 © Oxford University Press 2021 Book 3B Solutions P.12
 New Century Mathematics (2nd edition) New Century Mathematics (2nd edition)

11. The answer is A. 15. The answer is D.

Let m1, m2 and m3 be the slopes of L1, L2 and L3 respectively. For I:
∵ L2  L1 ABC + DAB = 180 int. s, AD // BC
∴ m2  m1 = 1 90 + DAB = 180
m2  (2) = 1 DAB = 90
1 Similarly, we have ADC = BCD = 90.
m2 =
2 ∴ DAB = ABC = BCD = ADC = 90
∵ L3 // L2 i.e. ABCD is a rectangle.
1
∴ m3 = m2 = ∴ I is true.
2
1 1 For II:
i.e. Slope of L2 = , slope of L3 = ∵ OA = OB property of rectangle
2 2
∴ OAB is an isosceles triangle.
12. The answer is C. ∴ II is true.
∵ L2 and L3 slope downwards, and L2 is steeper than L3. For III:
∴ m2 < 0, m3 < 0 and m2 < m3. DBC = ADB alt. s, AD // BC
∵ L1 slopes upwards. ∵ OB = OC property of rectangle
∴ m1 > 0 ∴ DBC = BCA base s, isos. △
i.e. Only C represents the possible values of m1, m2 and m3. ∴ ADB = BCA
∴ III is true.
13. The answer is A. ∴ I, II and III are true.
Experimental probability of obtaining a prime number
110  130 16. The answer is A.
=
500 Refer to the figure, where A represents the ship and B represents the lighthouse.
= 0.48 N

14. The answer is B. C

Total number of possible outcomes = 10 50

Only 452 and 456 are divisible by 4.
∴ Number of favourable outcomes = 2
A 70 km B

2
P(divisible by 4) = BAC = 90  50 = 40
10
1 In ABC,
= BC
5 sin 40 =
70 km
BC = 70 sin 40 km
= 45 km, cor. to the nearest km
∴ The shortest distance between the ship and the lighthouse is 45 km.

© Oxford University Press 2021 Book 3B Solutions P.13 © Oxford University Press 2021 Book 3B Solutions P.14
 New Century Mathematics (2nd edition) New Century Mathematics (2nd edition)

17. The answer is C. For II:

1 0
Slope of OA = =1
18. The answer is C. 1 0
1 0 1
Curved surface area is a quadratic measurement, and is represented by an Slope of OB = =
20 2
expression of degree 2. 1 0 1
Slope of OC = =
Option Degree 30 3
A 1 ∴ Slope of OA > slope of OB > slope of OC
∴ II is true.
B 1
∴ I and II are true.
C 2
D 3
21. The answer is A.
∴ C can be an expression of the curved surface area of the solid. ∵ A, B and C are collinear.
∴ Slope of AB = slope of BC
19. The answer is A. 30 53
=
Let x cm3 be the volume of P. 2x 62
3 3 1
x cm 3  16  =
=  
 2x 2
686 cm 3  49  6=2x
x 64 x = 4
=
686 343
x = 128
22. The answer is B.
∴ The volume of P is 128 cm3.
There are 13 hearts and 4 ‘J’s in the pack, including a ‘J’ of heart.
∴ Total number of possible outcomes = 13 + 4  1 = 16
20. The answer is C.
16
Refer to the figure. P(a heart or a ‘J’) =
52
y 4
=
A(1 , 1) B(2 , 1) C(3 , 1) 13

x 23. The answer is A.

O D(3 , 0) Refer to the notations in the figure.
For I: N
AOD, BOD and COD have the same base.
Height of AOD = height of BOD = height of COD = 1 unit 100
A
∴ Area of AOD = area of BOD = area of COD p C
q N
∴ I is true.
r
s

© Oxford University Press 2021 Book 3B Solutions P.15 © Oxford University Press 2021 Book 3B Solutions P.16
 New Century Mathematics (2nd edition) New Century Mathematics (2nd edition)

∵ ABC is an equilateral triangle. 25. The answer is C.

∴ p = 60 Let 1 : n be the scale of the map.
2
100 + p + q = 180 42.5 1
= 
100 + 60 + q = 180 1.7  (1 000  100) 2  n 
q = 20 1 1
=
r = q = 20 400 000 000 n 2
r + s = 60 n = 20 000
20 + s = 60 ∴ The scale of the map is 1 : 20 000.
s = 40
∴ The bearing of C from B is 040. 26. The answer is B.
Let (0 , y) be the coordinates of R.
24. The answer is C. PR = [0  (5)]  ( y  1) units
2 2

Refer to the notations in the figure.

= 5  ( y  1) units
2 2
C
= 25  ( y  1) units
2

A 24
QR = (0  2)  [ y  (6)] units
2 2
E 50 m
= (2)  ( y  6) units
2 2

= 4  ( y  6) units
2
40 m
B D ∵ PR = QR
In ACE, 25  ( y  1) 2 = 4  ( y  6) 2
∴
AE = BD = 40 m 25 + (y  1)2 = 4 + (y + 6)2
CE
tan 24 = 25 + y2  2y + 1 = 4 + y2 + 12y + 36
40 m
14y = 14
CE = 40 tan 24 m
y = 1
ED = CD  ED
∴ The coordinates of R are (0 , 1).
= (50  40 tan 24) m
In ADE,
ED
tan EAD =
AE
(50  40 tan 24) m
=
40 m
EAD = 39, cor. to the nearest degree
∴ The angle of depression of D from A is 39.

© Oxford University Press 2021 Book 3B Solutions P.17 © Oxford University Press 2021 Book 3B Solutions P.18
 New Century Mathematics (2nd edition) New Century Mathematics (2nd edition)

27. The answer is C. 29. The answer is A.

Refer to the notations in the figure. Area of the yellow region = (30  30  10  10) cm2
P S = 800 cm2
Area of the red region = 10  10 cm2
= 100 cm2
T h
Total area of the target = (800 + 100) cm2
= 900 cm2
Q U
R
800 cm 2
P(hitting the yellow region) =
PS = QR (opp. sides of //gram) 900 cm 2
PS = RU (opp. sides of //gram) 8
=
∴ QR = RU 9
1 100 cm 2
Area of QRS =  24 cm2 = 12 cm2 P(hitting the red region) =
2 900 cm 2
1 1
Area of TRS =  12 cm2 = 6 cm2 =
2 9
∵ QR = RU and Expected points that Mandy receives
height of QRS = height of RUS = h. 1 8
= 10   1  points
∴ Area of RUS = area of QRS 9 9
= 12 cm2 = 2 points
Area of quadrilateral TRUS = area of RUS + area of TRS
= (12 + 6) cm2 30. The answer is C.
= 18 cm2 Let AB : BC = 1 : r.
Consider the x-coordinate of B.
r (3)  1(1)
28. The answer is B. 0=
1 r
Let r1 and r2 be the base radii of the original cone and each new cone respectively.
3r  1 = 0
Note that the slant heights L of the original cone and each new cone are the same. 1
Consider the curved surface area of the original cone. r=
3
240 1
  r1  L =  π  L2 AB : BC = 1 :
360 3
3 =3:1
L = r1
2 P(X lies on the line segment AB)
Consider the curved surface area of each new cone. length of line segment AB
120 =
  r2  L =  π  L2 length of line segment AC
360 3
L = 3r2 =
3 1
3
∴ r1 = 3r2 = 0.75
2
r1 2
=
r2 1
i.e. The required ratio is 2 : 1.

© Oxford University Press 2021 Book 3B Solutions P.19 © Oxford University Press 2021 Book 3B Solutions P.20