ELECTRICAL

ENGINEERING
Dr. Lien Nguyen
School of Electrical Engineering
C3 - 106, tel. 3869 2511
email:lien.nguyenbich@hust.edu.vn
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Part1: Electric Circuit
Lesson 1: Fundamentals of Electric Circuit
Lesson 2: AC Circuit
Lesson 3: Circuit Analysis Techniques
Lesson 4: Three-Phase Network

Part 2: Electric Machines

Lesson 5: Fundamentals of Electric Machines
Lesson 6: Transformers
Lesson 7: Induction Machines
Lesson 8: Synchronous Machines
Lesson 9: DC Machines
References
1. Giorgio Rizzoni, Principles and Applications of Electrical Engineering,
McGraw-Hill, 2007.

2. Brian S. Elliott, Electromechanical Devices & Components Illustrated

Sourcebook, McGraw-Hill, 2007.

3. Đặng Văn Đào, Lê Văn Doanh, Kỹ thuật điện, Bài tập Kỹ thuật điện, NXB
KHKT, 1994.

4. Phan Thị Huệ, Bài tập Kỹ thuật điện - trắc nghiệm và tự luận, NXB
KHKT, 2012
LESSON 1
Fundamentals of Electric Circuits
1. Electrical Circuit and its Topology
1.1. Electrical Circuit
Definition: An electric circuit is a closed path through which electrical current can
flow.

Closed circuit Open circuit

1.2. Network Topology
• Branch: consists of one or more elements that have the same current flows
through
• Node: junction of three or more branches
• Loop: a closed connections
of branches
2. Electrical Quantities
2.1. Current:
Definition: Current is the time rate of the flow of electrical charge through a
conductor or circuit element.

dq
i
dt
Unit: Ampere (A)
Positive direction: Direction of positive charges
2.2. Voltage (potential difference)
i
A B

uAB

u AB   A   B

Unit: Volt (V)

2.3. Power and energy
The time rate of energy transfer is power
p  ui [W]
t
W   pdt [J]
0

Calculate power at a branch or element:

i
If u, i chosen with the same direction: A B
p = ui > 0 receiving energy u
p = ui < 0 generating energy
If u, i chosen with opposite direction: i
p = ui > 0 generating energy A B
p = ui < 0 receiving energy u
.
3. Electrical Elements
3.1. Ideal voltage source
- An ideal voltage source is a two-terminal element e u(t)= - e(t)
that generates and maintains a given voltage drop
across its terminals.

3.2. Ideal current source

- An ideal current source is a two-terminal element that
generates and maintains a given current to any circuit j(t)

connected to its two terminals.

3.3. Resistance R
The Resistance of a conductor is a measure of the difficulty to pass an electric
current through that conductor.
• Unit: Ohms (Ω)
• Conductance

g  1/R [S]

i R
u R  Ri
uR
p  u R i  Ri 2
t t
W   pdt   Ri 2 dt
0 0
3.4. Inductance eL

i
• Inductance L of the coil:
uL
 w
L  with ψ  wΦ
i i
• When a time-varying current flowing through:
d di
eL    L
dt dt

di
u L   eL  L
dt

• Inductance unit: henrys (H)

• Power:

di
p L  u Li  Li
dt

• Storage of energy in magnetic field:

t t
1
WL   p Ldt   Lidi  Li 2
0 0 2
3.5. Capacitance
C
i
• Capacitance C:
uC
q  Cu C

• Unit: farad (F)

• Under varying voltage:

dq d du
i  (Cu C )  C C
dt dt dt

1
uC   idt
C
• Power
du C du C
pC  u C i  u C C  Cu C
dt dt

• Storage of energy in electric field:

t u
1
WE   pC dt   CuC duC  Cu 2
0 0
2
4. Kirchhoff’s Laws
4.1 Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL)
The algebraic sum of the currents at a node is zero.
k n

i
k 1
k 0

Alternatively, the sum of the currents entering a node equals the sum of the
currents leaving a node.
4.2 Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL)

Going through any closed loop in a circuit in a specific direction, the algebraic sum
of the voltages on elements equals to the algebraic sum of all voltage sources..
k  n1 k n2

u
k 1
k  e
k 1
k