EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE

11/12

FIRST QUARTER (Module 7B)

Featured Maps: Geological Hazards

Most Essential Learning Competency: Use hazard maps

to identify areas prone to hazards brought about by earthquake,

volcanic eruptions, and landslide (S11/12ES-If-31), and identify

human activities that speed up or trigger landslides (S11/12ES-If-33)

 To the Learners

Dear Learners,

This learner’s material aims to deepen your understanding of the concepts of

GEOLOGICAL HAZARD and HAZARD MAPS.

This will also serve as practice materials for developing your skill of synthesizing of seeing

relationships among details, of formulating generalizations from a maze of information, and

applying knowledge to life situations both inside and outside classroom.

I hope that this learners’ material will equip you with relevant science concepts and

develop in you the 21st century and science process skills that will make you become lifelong

learners.

Learn the concepts in science come to life as you go through the pages of this material.

ENJOY learning!

THE AUTHOR

Expectations

Lesson 7: Geological Hazard Map

You will be able to use hazard maps to identify areas prone to hazards brought about by

earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and landslides and to identify human activities that speed up or

trigger landslides.

Specifically, this module helps you to:

A. Identify areas from the Philippine map where earthquakes are most likely to happen;

B. Describe and understand how certain human activities can hasten the occurrence of

landslides; and C. Find possible and practical solutions on how to lessen these identified human

activities so as to lessen or prevent the occurrence of landslides.

 Pretest

Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on the blank

provided before the number.

_____ 1. It is a map that shows the areas prone to hazards brought by the earthquake, volcanic

eruption and landslide.

A. weather map C. topographic map

B. geological hazard map D. hydrometeorological hazard map

_____ 2. It indicates what type of information is being presented by the map.

A. legend B. symbols C. map title D. coordinates

_____ 3. A geological hazard map indicates the areas that are susceptible to floods and landslide.

Which of the following is not found in geological hazard map of a particular provinces?

A. elevation of the area C. exact coordinates of landslide

B. famous tourist sites D. location of major waterways like rivers and creeks

_____ 4. What is the primary purpose of geological hazard map among local government?

A. It helps them identify overcrowded areas in the city.

B. It guides them in land use planning and zoning purposes.

C. It helps them identify areas suitable for agriculture and human habitation

D. It guides them in planning in how to prevent crimes and lawlessness in their locality.

_____ 5. Which of the following factors does not trigger landslide?

A. volcanic activity C. thick vegetation

B. steepness of the slope D. ground shaking due to earthquake

 Looking Back

Directions: Arrange the letters to form a word after reading the meaning. Write your answer on

the space provided.

1. a sudden movement or physical action either the surface or below the surface of the earth

GCOGLAELIO ENVET - ________________________________________________

2. a natural event that poses a threat to people

ATURALN AHDRZA - __________________________________________________

3. the negative effect of a natural hazard on people

SIETSDAR - _________________________________________________________

4. the sudden release of slowly accumulating strain along a fault within the earth’s crust

ETUKQAAERH - _____________________________________________________

5. the downslope movement of earth materials due to gravity

NILADESDL - _______________________________________________________

Brief Introduction

How can you determine if a certain location is prone to geological hazard?

A geological hazard or geohazard map is used when an area exposed to different hazard

caused by the geological events such as earthquake, volcanic eruption, and landslide. It helps

the Philippine agencies and authorities to analyze all of them for vulnerability and risk It helps

them in facilitating the interpretation of hazard information. The gathered information will be used

in the decision-making process.

You may get these hazard maps by looking the different government agencies like

PHIVOLCS (Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology), DOST (Department of Science

and Technology), and DENR (Department of Environment and Natural Resources).

How do you use a geological hazard map?

Let us start with by analyzing the example hazard map below and answer the following

questions.

https://juanapolinarioreyes.weebly.com/logos/archives/04-2017
1. How do you read a geological hazard map?

2. Complete the following information:

Title of the map: ______

Symbols: ________

Legends: ________

3. Why is it important to understand geological

hazard map?

It seems that you know now how to read geohazard map. Now, let us explore more about

geohazard map by doing some activities in the next page.

Activities

General Directions: Refer to the figures 1, 2, 3, and

4, then answer the following questions in each activity.

Write your answer on the space provided.

Activity 1.1: Earthquake-Prone Area Map.

A. What do the big dots in the map tell you?

________________________________

B. List the top ten provinces the area most prone

to earthquake.

________________________________
Figure 1.
https://juanapolinarioreyes.weebly.com/logos/archives/04-2017
 C. Which is more prone to earthquake, Nueva Ecija

or Davao Oriental?

________________________________

D. Using the Philippine map, compare it to

earthquake-prone area map, which area

experienced a greater magnitude of earthquake,

Manila or La Union?

________________________________

Activity 1.2: Map of the Distribution of Volcanoes

A. What helps you to identify the places that are

Figure 2.
prone to hazards of volcanic activities or volcanic
https://juanapolinarioreyes.weebly.com/logos/archives/04-2017
eruptions?

___________________________________

B. Compare the Philippine map and the map of the

distribution of volcanoes. Which region is prone to

hazards of volcanic eruption, Region IVA-

CALABARZON or Region VIII- Eastern Visayas?

__________________________________

C. Why Palawan is not vulnerable to volcanic

eruption?

__________________________________ Figure 2.
https://juanapolinarioreyes.weebly.com/logos/archives/04-2017
Activity 1.3: Earthquake-Induced Shallow Landslides Map

A. What do the legends show in earthquake-

induced shallow landslide map?

________________________________

B. What is the level of landslide hazard in

Mountain Province?

________________________________

C. The landslide does not only happen in the

mountainous region of the country, they also

occur in the lowlands and even coastal area.

Give the possible reasons why some lowlands

and even coastal area experienced a hazard Figure 4.

of landslide. http://vm.observatory.ph/geophys_maps.html

__________________________________

Remember

 Natural hazards are classified according to the type of natural event that triggers them.

One of the categories of this hazard is geological hazard.

 Geological hazards arise from complex processes at work in the crust and from the

internal dynamism that moves magma and energy within the earth and on to the surface.

 An earthquake (also known as a Quake, tremor, or temblor) is the perceptible shaking of

the surface of the Earth, resulting from the sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust

that creates seismic waves. (US Geological Science – USGS)

 Volcanic eruptions are one of the most dangerous natural events because of the different

hazards that it may bring, namely: lahars, lava flows, ash falls, pyroclastic flows, and

emission of volcanic gases. These hazards may inflict devasting effects to people,

physical structures and to the environment. (Quebral, V. 2016)

  Landslide is a massive outward and downward movement of slope-forming materials.

This is generally triggered by other natural hazards such as prolonged, heavy rainfall or

by other sources of water which increase the water content of the slope materials. It is

also aggravated by human activities, such as: deforestation, blasting, construction works,

and cultivation. (Quebral, V. 2016)

 Geological hazard maps are maps that show different hazards that caused by

earthquake, volcanic eruptions, and landslides. These are used by scientist and local

government authorities to forecast any hazard that a geological process may bring. And

helps the public be informed and prepared for the geological hazard. The elements of

geological hazard/ geohazard map may include the Title (tells you what the map all about),

Legend (details of what symbols mean), Symbol (the points, lines, shapes, and colors

used on the map), and Scale (refer to the bar scale as this helps determine, distances,

etc.).

Check Your Understanding

Case Study Analysis

Case Brief

February 17, 2006 is perhaps the darkest day for many residents of Guinsaugon in Saint

Bernard, Southern Leyte. It is during this fateful day when they lost their loved ones to a

catastrophic landslide that buried the entire village. The deadly rockslide debris avalanche is due

to the collapse of a portion of a 450 m high, heavily-forested Mt. Can-abag after 10 days of heavy

rain and 2.6 magnitude earthquake. More than 1100 people were buried alive; of this number,

250 were schoolchildren.

Study the pictures of the Guinsaugon landslide taken at different angles. Do the following:

1. Explain why the landslide buried the entire village in less than two minutes.

________________________________________________________________

2. What are your suggestions to help prevent future landslide in the area?

________________________________________________________________
 https://www.rappler.com/move-ph/issues/disasters/84026-2006-guinsaugon-landslide-lessons

https://kuwentos.wordpress.com/2006/02/21/guinsaugon-landslide-01/

Post Test

Directions: Read each statement carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following is not a geohazard event?

A. volcanic eruption B. tropical cyclone C. landslide D. earthquake

2. It is an element of geohazard map that tells you specifically what the symbols mean?

A. legend B. title C. scale D. symbol

3. These are the points, lines, shapes, and colors used in the geohazard map?

A. legend B. title C. scale D. symbol

4. Which of the following Philippine agencies can produced geological hazard map?

A. Philippine Statistics Authority

B. Department of Trade and Industry

C. National Telecommunications Commission

D. Department of Environment and Natural Resources

5. What is the level of landslide hazard in Manila, the capital city of the Philippines?

A. low danger zone C. no present risk

B. high danger zone D. no data

 Reflection
Explain and be creative

1. Explain the fact that the Philippines is prone to natural hazards like landslide.

_______________________________________________________________

2. Make a write-up or article about places in the Philippines that are affected by the landslide.

Be able to determine other factors that contribute to the downslope soil movement of the

area. Write your article on the separate sheet.

3. With your family members, make a 72-hour disaster kit. What are the things that you

should include in the kit? This activity will be passed after one week.

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