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Science
Quarter 1 – Module 16
Mapping Areas Prone to Hazards
Caused by Geologic Processes

Image Credit: Fances C. Morales, July 18, 2020

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Science– Grade 11
Quarter 1 – Mapping Areas Prone to Hazards Caused by Geologic Processes

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Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad
Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Mary Ann P. Lait

Editors: Emily B. Esmabe

Reviewers: Benjie O. Cadag

Illustrator: Frances C. Morales

Layout Artist: Christy R. Dawal, Antonio L. Morada

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 Identify areas prone to hazards brought
about by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions,
and landslides.
(S11/12ES-If-31)

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Dear Learners,
Most of the geologic hazards are spontaneous and their occurrences are difficult
to predict, thus, people need to be alert and prepared. The Philippine Institute of
Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) under the Department of Science and
Technology (DOST) and Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) are
government agencies tasked to prepare the hazard maps. Hazard maps help the
community to be more aware of the possible danger once a calamity happen.
This module will help you understand how to use hazard maps in locating areas
prone to hazards caused by the different geologic processes.

After finishing this module, you are expected to use hazard maps to identify areas
prone to hazards brought about by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and landslides.
(S11/12ES-If-31)
Specifically, you will be able to:

a. explain how hazard maps are used to determine areas prone to hazards;
b. describe the different types of hazard maps; and
c. identify the different areas prone to hazards brought about by geologic
processes; and
d. value the importance of keeping hazards maps at home.

Before we continue the lesson, let us be acquainted first of

some of the terms you will encounter in the lesson.
Earthquake - is the result of a sudden release of stored energy in the Earth's crust that
creates seismic waves.
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Geologic Hazard – extreme natural events in the crust of the earth that pose a threat to
life and property
Hazards -is any source of potential damage, harm or adverse health effects on something
or someone.
Hazard Map - is a map that highlights areas that are affected by or are vulnerable to a
particular hazard.
Landslide - the movement of a mass of rock, debris, or earth down a slope.
Tsunami - a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large
volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake.
Volcanic eruption - occurs when magma is released from a volcano.

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 ACTIVITY 1 – HAZARD MAPPING
Complete the data being asked in the box. Identify the name of the province and
the risk in the area whether high, medium, low or no risk when the indicated geologic
processes happen.

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 ACTIVITY 2 – MAKE ME COMPLETE!
Direction: Make your own Earthquake-Induced Shallow Landslides hazard map of
the Bicol Region. Write/provide the complete parts of a hazard map and use
crayons or oil pastel to identify the areas.

Name: ___________________________ Year and section: __________

___________________________________________________

http://www.maphill.com/philippines/region-5/simple-maps

Legend:

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 ACTIVITY 3 – LET US COMPARE!!
Analyze the two (2) maps below to answer the guide questions.

1. Looking at the two hazard maps, can you conclude that most of the areas in the
Philippines are prone to geologic disasters? Why?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

2. Is there any province in Philippines which can be considered safe?

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

3. If after studying the maps, you found out that you are living in an area which is
considered to be geologically hazardous, what precautionary measures will you
consider to secure your life and of your family?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

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 HAZARD MAPPING

All forms of hazards are reflected in a hazard map. It is a map that highlights areas
affected by or vulnerable to a particular hazard. They are typically created for natural
hazards such as earthquake, volcanic eruption, landslides, flooding and tsunamis.
What can be seen in a hazard map are the title of the map, legend that contains
different colors corresponding to what is being describe and the map itself. Some hazard
map includes the name of the areas but others do not.

Hazard mapping and vulnerability assessment are the first two important steps for
any initiatives towards disaster reduction and prevent loss of life and properties. Hazard
maps provide important information to help people understand the risks of natural hazards
and to help mitigate the disasters. It indicates the extent of expected risk areas, and can
be combined with the disaster management information such as evacuation sites,
evacuation routes and so forth.
Another purpose of a hazard map is for the construction of houses, building,
bridges or dams. Engineers tried to look for ways to make the structure to be strong or
flexible to withstand the possible hazards. It allows them to conclude that the area is not
safe so they can look for other safer areas or to cancel their work. Unfortunately,
sometimes this is not given much importance, thus making so much damages and death.
Just like in other countries, the Philippines has also developed hazard maps that
furnish the determination of the origin, magnitude and extent of damage of geologic,
hydrometeorological and coastal phenomena that brought eminent dangers to mankind.
In order to be accurate in determining which area is affected by the occurrence of
any geologic, hydrometeorological or coastal processes or phenomena, there is a need
to be familiar the different places of the country. Below you can find the Map of the
Philippines to guide you of the location and samples of hazard maps to locate the places
affected by hazards caused by earthquakes, volcanic activities, and landslides.

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 http://www.philsite.net/philippine_map.htm
Figure 6. Map of the Philippines

Questions:

1. What is the color of your province? ________________________________

2. What about other provinces in Bicol Region? Please enumerate.
____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

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 http://vm.observatory.ph/geophys_maps.html
Figure 7. Risk to Eartquake-Induced Shallow Landslides
Questions:

1. Based on the map, which areas in the Philippines are considered high risk to
earthquake-induced shallow landslides?

2. What province/s in Bicol Region are considered high risk to earthquake-induced

shallow landslides?

3. Cite ways on how to prevent risks caused by earthquake-induced shallow landslides.

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 Figure 8. Seismic, Volcanic and Tropical Storm Risk
Source: https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/368802656959976130/

Questions:

1. Identify at least five (5) provinces that are considered high risk in volcanic eruption
and earthquake?

2. Which part of the Philippines is safe from volcanic eruption and earthquake?

3. How can people living near in these high-risk areas become safe?

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 If you are a construction engineer, what will you first consider before putting up a
building? Why?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

Arrange the correct sequence of using a hazard map. Write the number of the
sentence or phrase in the appropriate box.

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 1. With your family, design a plan to avoid possible hazards hat may be brought by
the occurrence of any of the geologic phenomena in your place.
2. Look for copies of hazard maps for the common geologic phenomena in your
area.
3. Analyze the content of the hazard map
4. Orient your family about the hazard maps and its location in your area.

Hazard map is a map that highlights areas that are affected by or are vulnerable
to a particular hazard. It contains the title of the map, legend that contains different colors
corresponding to what is being describe and the map itself which may or may not include
the name of the areas.

Hazard maps are important for the following reasons:

• give information to help people understand the risks of natural hazards

• help mitigate the disasters
• indicate the extent of expected risk areas
• basis for disaster management information such as evacuation sites,
evacuation routes
• guide for the construction of houses, building, bridges or dams
Hazard maps are made for different for the following catastrophic phenomena:
• Geologic
o Earthquake
o Volcanic eruption
o landslides
• hydrometeorological
• coastal
•

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Direction: True or False. Write T if the statement is correct and F if it is false.
_______ 1. Palawan is the only place in
the Philipines which is safe from
earthquake.
_______ 2. Bicol Region is free from the
occurrence of earthquake.
_______ 3. Most of the areas in the
Philippines that are prone to
earthquakes are near the Pacific Ocean.
_______ 4. Central Mindanao has the
highest risk of earthquake incidence.
_______ 5. Baguio City is prone to
earthquake.
_______ 6. The existence of a volcano
is an indicator of possibilities of having
earthquakes.
_______ 7. Both Occidental and Oriental
Mindoro have the highest degree of
earthquake occurrence.
_______ 8 . The entire province of
Cebu has the highest degree of
intensity.
_______ 9. Region I has the same
degree as Region II.
_______ 10. Central Luzon has the same degree as Central Mindanao.

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Determine the hazards in your area by using the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and
Seismology (PHIVOLCS) platform in the internet. Follow the procedure and print the
document which can be posted in your home as a reminder for the hazards.
Procedure:
1. Type hazardhunterph in google.

2. Click to the address, hazardhunter.georisk.gov.ph

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3. Look for your exact location, by scrolling or moving the mouse. Then double-
click the area where you are living and wait for the result.

4. The Assessment Result can be seen on the right side. Click the View Report
with Recommendations and then print for submission. (The printed copies can be
posted in your home after they are returned to you by your teacher. They will
inform the whole family about the hazards.)

Guide Questions:
1. Identify one (1) geologic process that caused hazard in your area. Find the
exact location where it happened using a hazard map.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

2. Using the hazard map, determine which area near your place is not safe to
stay and live.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

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Klemetti, Erik (April 18, 2019 4:15 AM) What Is the Most Dangerous Volcanic
Hazard?. Rocky Planet https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/what-is-the-
most-dangerous-volcanic-hazard

Gough, Owen. (August 2009) The Provision of Hazard Maps International Network on
the Financial Management of large-Scale Catastrophes, Bangkok Thailand
http://www.oecd.org/daf/fin/insurance/43730935.pdf

Hazard Map, Pacific Northwest Seismic Network

https://pnsn.org/outreach/hazard-maps-and-scenarios/hazard-maps

Wingard J, and Brandlin AS, Philippines: A country prone to natural disasters

https://www.dw.com/en/philippines-a-country-prone-to-natural-disasters/a-1721740

https://en.m.wikipedia.org

https://hazardhunter.georisk.gov.ph/map

https://www.britannica.com

https://stats.oecd.org

https://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/Region%205%20Bicol.pdf

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