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Paper Petrotrin
Paper Petrotrin
This paper was made to fulfill one of the tasks of the Laboratory of Formations Evaluations at UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta
Abstract
Formation evaluation is one of the important aspects in conducting oil and gas exploration and exploitation
activities. It takes big effort to determine any parameters to make the production rate run optimally on the
estimated depth. Therefore, logging method is one of the important thing to be used to measured, determined,
and obtained geological data on the Field. RRQ as the specific field located at North-West Java Basin, Indonesia.
This field successfully drill Wildcat well namely ARJUNA-1 and estimated (2514 mMD) with lithological
interpretation from limestone, shalestone, sandstone, and volcanic area. The subsurface data with logging already
being collected by the contractor for a better interpretation from company, QA/QC data, and also offset well
analysis that supported with mud log data for the oil show in several depth during drilling operation. According
to the data, there are four layer on this field, which are Oura Layer (904-1310 m), Donkey Layer (1311-1405 m),
Xinn Layer (1405-1895 m), and Lemon Layer (1896-2083 m). Based on the parameters, cut off values, and log
interpretation, provided, it is necessary to determine the value of petrophysical parameters (Vsh, porosity,
saturation, and/or permeability), the method that being used, and OOIP & OGIP estimation from the field.
Introduction
On the exploration and exploitations of oil and gas, analysis of petrophysics and lithology properties from the
formations is very important. It takes big effort to determine any parameters to make the production rate run
optimally and the estimated depth contains good oil content and can be produced to surface. Logging method is
used to measured, determined, and obtained subsurface geological data by inserting certain type of a tool inside
the wellbore with the purpose to record and report the results the required subsurface data. The main purpose and
objective of formation evaluation is to determine the petrophysics properties, reservoir conditions, and potential
reserves of reservoir. To achieve the purpose, it is important to have a good knowledge towards how to interpret
chart log of the well, method being used, and giving the right analysis (both quantitative and qualitative).
Theory and Definitions
Formation Evaluation is a series of activities in collecting data related to reservoir characteristics. The purpose
of collection data related to the development of the field in the future.
Geological Review
The North West Java Basin or known as the Offshore North West Java (ONWJ) is located in the northwest part
of Java Island and extends to the offshore of the Java Sea. This basin covers an area of approximately 40.000
km2, of which 25,000 km2 of which is located in the offshore area and the remaining 15.000 km 2 is located in the
onshore area.
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The sub-basins in the North West Java Basin are divided into the Ciputat Sub-Basin, the White Sand Sub-basin,
the Jatibarang Sub-Basin, and the Ardjuna Sub-Basin. The research area is part of the North West Java Basin,
which is more precisely in the central Ardjuna Sub Basin (Central Ardjuna) and located in the middle of the North
West Java Basin which is located approximately 90 km to the northeast of the city of Jakarta. The Ardjuna Sub
Basin is divided into three parts, including the northern part, the central part, and the southern part (Gresko et al,
1995).
Akar Formation, unconformably deposited above the Jatibarang Formation, has a lithology that begins with
alternating sandstone and shale sediments and ends with limestone, shale, and sandstone. The Baturaja Formation,
deposited in harmony above the Talang Akar Formation, consists of limestone that regionally covers clastic rocks.
The Upper Cibulakan Formation, deposited in harmony above the Baturaja Formation, is generally an intersection
of claystone and sandstone. The Parigi Formation, deposited in harmony above the upper Cibulakan Formation,
is generally limestone. The Cisubuh Formation, deposited in harmony above the Parigi Formation, is generally
claystone interspersed with sandstone and calcareous shale.
Flowchart
Petrophysics
Analysis
Porosity,
Vshale,
Saturation,
and
Permeability
NON-PROSPECT
Cut-off Eliminate
PROSPECT
Calculation of
OOIP and OGIP
End
5
Quantitative Analysis
a. Calculation of Vshale (as an example; on Arjuna Well, depth 1321 m).
1. Determine the depth of a layer to be analyzed, which is
2. GRmax = 183,333
3. GRmin = 66,667
4. GRread = 83,333
5. Calculate clay volume with equation below:
GR read GR min
Vclay =
GR max GR min
83,333 66,667
=
183,333 66,667
Vclay = 0,143
b. Calculation of Neutron Porosity (as an example; on Arjuna Well, depth 1321 m).
1. Calculation of neutron porosity clay (ØNclay)
ØNclay = (1,02 x Nlog) + 0,00425
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Discussions
To obtain accurate measurement data results, it is necessary to combine the right logs with a minimum
amount, so the selection of various types of logs is very important. Through a combination of logs, petrophysical
parameters such as k, Rw, and Sw can be obtained as well as the type of rock lithology by interpreting the log
data so that accurate information is obtained regarding the prospect zone in the reservoir and the extent of the
distribution of hydrocarbons. Generally, a combination of logs consists of three logs, which are lithology logs,
porosity logs, and resistivity logs.
In conducting an analysis of the prospect zone, it is necessary to have good qualitative and quantitative
analysis, including log readings and calculations as has been done in the previous section. The analysis carried
out on each layer has a different depth, with the aim of determining the layer/zone of prospects containing
hydrocarbons. In petrophysical analysis of reservoir rock, the cut off Vshale value is 0,37, cut off porosity is
0,078, and cut off Sw is 0,65.
Based on the results of calculations and analysis obtained 15 depth prospects of the Oura layer, Donkey
layer, Xinn layer, and Lemon layer. In the Oura layer, there are two prospect depths, at 1080 m and 1224 m. In
the Donkey layer, there are four prospect depths, at 1317 m, 1320 m, 1321 m, 1332 m, and 1394 m. In the Xinn
layer, there are two prospect depths, namely a depth of 1485 m and 1565 m. In the Lemon layer, there are six
prospect depths, namely 1931 m, 1932 m, 1986 m, 2020 m, 2046 m, and 2070 m.
Conclusions
There are some conclusions obtained as the results of data analysis:
1. Based on the results of data processing it can be indicated that 20 prospect zones in the Arjuna’s well with
details:
Oura layer has 4 prospect depths per 0,1 m.
Donkey layer has 4 prospect depths per 0,1 m.
Xinn layer has 4 prospect depths per 0,1 m.
Lemon layer has 4 prospect depths per 0,1 m.
2. Determination of OOIP is based on cut off data and layer thickness where the cut off value for shale
volume on each layer is 37, the cut off value for porosity on each layer is 7,8%. while the cut-off value of
water saturation on each layer is is 65%.
3. The total OOIP reserves of Joyoboyo Wells 1 and 2 are 17417952.51 STB; with details:
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Acknowledgements
As the author of this paper, would like to express our sincere gratitude to the practical assistance of Formation
Evaluation for the guidance and encouragement in carrying out this project work. This paper is one of the
requirements for final assessment. The publication of this paper is a result of collaboration with Formation
Evaluation Study, Petroleum Engineering Department, Faculty of Mineral Technology, UPN “Veteran”
Yogyakarta.
Nomenclature
Vsh Volume of shale, %
GR Gamma Ray log, API
GR log Gamma ray formation reading, API
GRmax Maximum gamma ray, API
GRmin Minimum gamma ray, API
SP Sponteneous Potential log, mV
CAL Caliper log, in
Ø Porosity, %
ØN Neutron log index, %
Sw Water saturation, %
a Turtuosity factor
pb Bulk density, g/cm3Vsh
pf Fluid density, g/cm3
pma Matrix density, g/cm3
OOIP Original Oin in Place, STB
OGIP Original Gas in Palce, SCF
References
Tumbelaka, Bella Naomi. 2019. Perhitungan cadangan hidrokarbon batupasir TST-1 dan TST-2 pada
formasi talangakar, di lapangan ‘NA’ sub-cekungan ardjuna tengah. Petroleum Eng., Trisakti University.
Prabowo, Gerry. 2019. Analisa petrofisika pada lapisan batupasir low resistivity di lapangan “GRY”
Cekungan Jawa Barat Utara anggota formasi Cibulakan atas. Petroleum Eng., Trisakti University.
Ghifarry, Mochammad Fahmi, Ildrem Syafri, Febriwan Mohamad, Mualimin. 2017. Fasies dan
lingkungan pengendapan formasi Talangakar, Cekungan Jawa Barat Utara. Geological Eng,, Padjajaran
University.
Schlumberger. 1998. Log Interpretation Principles/Application. Schlumberger Wireline & Testing.
Sugarland, Texas, USA.
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Appendix
Tables
Layer Depth GR MAX GR MIN Reading) GR Read Vclay
1080 197,2222222 58,88888889 1,06 58,88888889 0
Oura 1224 197,2222222 58,88888889 1,37 76,11111111 0,124497992
1317 183,3333333 66,66666667 1,8 100 0,2857142857
1320 183,3333333 66,66666667 1,6 88,88888889 0,1904761905
Donkey
1321 183,3333333 66,66666667 1,5 83,33333333 0,1428571429
1332 183,3333333 66,66666667 1,5 83,33333333 0,1428571429
1394 183,3333333 66,66666667 1,6 88,88888889 0,1904761905
Xinn 1485 156,6666667 38,88888889 1,7 94,44444444 0,3636363636
1565 156,6666667 38,88888889 1,66 92,22222222 0,3409090909
1931 183,3333333 33,33333333 1,3 72,22222222 0,3939393939
1932 183,3333333 33,33333333 0,72 40 0,2181818182
Lemon
1986 183,3333333 33,33333333 1,17 65 0,3545454545
2020 183,3333333 33,33333333 1,14 63,33333333 0,2
2046 183,3333333 33,33333333 1,54 85,55555556 0,3481481481
2070 183,3333333 33,33333333 1,34 74,44444444 0,2740740741
Ø NEUTRON
Reading N (cm) N log ɸN clay ØN ɸNcorr
2,65 0,3211111111 0,6055555556 0,3700333333 0,3700333333
3,5 0,4722222222 0,6055555556 0,5241666667 0,448776216
2,4 0,2766666667 0,4277777778 0,3247 0,2024777778
3,25 0,4277777778 0,4277777778 0,4788333333 0,3973518519
3,4 0,4544444444 0,4277777778 0,5060333333 0,4449222222
2,7 0,33 0,4277777778 0,3791 0,3179888889
2,6 0,3122222222 0,3609666667 0,3609666667 0,2922111111
3,51 0,6409859155 0,3228888889 0,6963056338 0,5788914924
3,5 0,6387323944 0,3228888889 0,6940070423 0,5839312847
2,8 0,4732394366 0,5646666667 0,5252042254 0,3027597809
2,01 0,3397183099 0,5646666667 0,3890126761 0,2658126761
1,9 0,3211267606 0,5646666667 0,3700492958 0,1698492958
Density
Pembacaan ρ (cm) ρb ØFD ØFDclay ØFDLcorr
1,9 2,372222222 0,1683501684 0,2855218855 0,1683501684
2,45 2,494444444 0,09427609428 0,2855218855 0,05872919287
1,9 2,372222222 0,2418661756 0,5701953657 0,07895321393
1,9 2,372222222 0,2418661756 0,5701953657 0,1332575345
1,8 2,35 0,2541436464 0,5701953657 0,1726871656
1,7 2,327777778 0,2664211172 0,5701953657 0,1849646364
2,1 2,416666667 0,2173112339 0,5701953657 0,1087025928
3 3 0,0202020202 0,4821548822 0,1551270279
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Oura Layer
Porosity (Ø) = 17,93%
Sw = 0,31058
Boi = 0,864
h = 20 m
= 65,6167979 Ft
Volume Bulk
Luas Area Ketebalan OOIP
Area Produksi Perbandingan Persamaan (Vb)
(Acre) (ft) (Acre-ft) STB
A0 1100 65,6168 0,75909 Trapezoidal 63.484,25197 70.459.048
A1 835 65,6168 0,88623 Trapezoidal 51.673,22835 57.350.388
A2 740 65,6168 0,95946 Trapezoidal 47.572,17848 52.798.769
A3 710 65,6168 0,74930 Trapezoidal 40.748,03150 45.224.877
A4 532 65,6168 0,83083 Trapezoidal 31.955,38058 35.466.208
A5 442 65,6168 0,34842 Pyramidal 18.742,31075 20.801.464
A6 154 65,6168 0,33766 Pyramidal 6.462,97964 7.173.045
A7 52 65,6168 0,00000 Pyramidal 1.137,35783 1.262.315
Donkey Layer
Porosity (Ø) = 18%
Sw = 0,442956
Boi = 0,864
h =5m
= 16,40419948 Ft
Volume Bulk
Luas Area Ketebalan OOIP
Area Produksi Perbandingan Persamaan (Vb)
(Acre) (ft) (Acre-ft) STB
Xinn Layer
Porosity (Ø) = 33%
Sw = 0,58350
Boi = 0,864
h = 20 m
= 65,6167979 Ft
Luas Area Ketebalan Volume Bulk (Vb) OOIP
Area Produksi Perbandingan Persamaan
(Acre) (ft) (Acre-ft) STB
A0 1100 65,61680 0,7591 Trapezoidal 63.484,25197 78.204.991
A1 835 65,61680 0,8862 Trapezoidal 51.673,22835 63.655.225
A2 740 65,61680 0,9595 Trapezoidal 47.572,17848 58.603.223
A3 710 65,61680 0,7493 Trapezoidal 40.748,03150 50.196.692
A4 532 65,61680 0,8308 Trapezoidal 31.955,38058 39.365.200
A5 442 65,61680 0,3484 Pyramidal 18.742,31075 23.088.281
A6 154 65,61680 0,3377 Pyramidal 6.462,97964 7.961.616
A7 52 65,61680 0,0000 Pyramidal 1.137,35783 1.401.089
Lemon Layer
Porosity (Ø) = 57%
Sw = 0,18302
Boi = 0,864
h =6m
= 19,68503937 ft
Luas Area Ketebalan Volume Bulk (Vb) OOIP
Area Produksi Perbandingan Persamaan
(Acre) (ft) (Acre-ft) STB
A0 1100 19,68504 0,75909 Trapezoidal 19.045,27559 79.952.810,27462
A1 835 19,68504 0,88623 Trapezoidal 15.501,96850 65.077.868,82818
A2 740 19,68504 0,95946 Trapezoidal 14.271,65354 59.912.958,60372
A3 710 19,68504 0,74930 Trapezoidal 12.224,40945 51.318.547,99022
A4 532 19,68504 0,83083 Trapezoidal 9.586,61417 40.244.980,46898
A5 442 19,68504 0,34842 Pyramidal 5.622,69323 23.604.285,61988
A6 154 19,68504 0,33766 Pyramidal 1.938,89389 8.139.552,23846
A7 52 19,68504 0,00000 Pyramidal 341,20735 1.432.401,76892
Figures
Well Trajectory
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