RESEARCH PROPOSAL

OPTIMIZATION OF THE USE OF GYPSUM AND LIME ON MAKING

WHITE CEMENT

Disusun Oleh :
Devi Yuliabi (1600020041)
Laeli Rizki Amalia (1600020044)
Baiq Alma Nurma Utari (1600020050)

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK KIMIA

FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI INDUSTRI
UNIVERSITAS AHMAD DAHLAN
YOGYAKARTA
2019
1. INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study

With the advancement in technology, more and more cement companies are
producing white cement in Indonesia, so competition in the industry is getting
tougher. This results in various choices for consumers and becomes more selective in
choosing which products are of high quality to use. The producers for the creators of
goods or services will satisfy consumers with a variety of new products with the latest
innovations so that consumers continue to use these products.

White cement is a high-quality cement that can be applied for interior and
exterior purposes as well as lining ceramic grout connections, profiles, and others.
Besides being whiter, white cement products have many advantages such as being
more efficient, more sticky and stronger.

PT. Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk has a process control department and a
quality assurance department where this unit manages operational control in the
factory making products with SNI standards and economic standards obtained. It also
improves the quality of white cement.

B. Identification of the Problem

As for some of the problems that can be identified are:

1. There is a potential for higher demand for white cement in the market.
2. There is competition between cement companies to increase the type of
cement produced
3. Development of products for mortars.
C. Limitation of the Problem

Based on the discussion above, it will be limited to the potential demand for
cement, competition between companies, and product development for mortars.

This relates to the amount of raw material inventory and the testing process as
follows:

1. Materials used in this study include:

 Limestone from Tuban.
 Gypsum comes from petrochemicals.
 White slag from Tuban.
2. Testing at Gresik Chemistry Laboratory
 Chemical tests: MgO, SO3, Fe2O3, LOI content tests.
 Physics test: color degree.

D. Formulation of the Problem

1. How to meet higher demand for white cement?

2. How to improve the quality of white cement so that it can compete with other
cement companies?

E. Objective of the Study

1. Meet higher demand for white cement.

2. Improving the quality of white cement so that it can compete with other
cement companies

F. Significance of the Study

Based on the references that we got for research on optimizing the use of
gypsum, limestone, white slag in the process of making white cement, obtained better
results for research conducted by quality assurance laboratories at PT. Semen Gresik.
The benefits are:

1. For PT. Semen Gresik, this research can be taken into consideration in making
white cement
2. Research can be useful and provide clear information about optimizing raw
materials for good white cement
3. Can be used as a reference or reference for further research

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

A. Relevant Theories

White cement is a hydrolysis cement that is white in color and is produced by

grinding Portland slag white cement which consists mainly of calcium, silicate, and
soil together with additives in the form of one or more crystalline forms of calcium
sulfate compounds. White Cement is cement without C4AF content, usually for
artistic purposes. White cement is made for decorative purposes, not for constructive
purposes. White Portland cement can also be used for all purposes in the manufacture
of mortar and concrete that do not require special requirements, except the white
color.

The making of this cement requires special requirements such as raw

materials containing iron oxide and magnesium oxide which are very low (below
100%). To get good quality white cement is done by adding the proportion between
white slag, limestone and gypsum by testing physical and chemical raw materials.
(Noviar, 2002).
B. Previous Study

In research at PT.Semen Gresik in his research "Optimizing the use of

gypsum and limestone in making white cement", for know the proportions of gypsum
and limestone that are well made test specimens with calculate the% LOI and% SO3
tests using the SNI method. The conclusion of this research is that the higher the LOI
value, the less kiln feed that becomes clinker, it needs to be considered in making a
proportion for limestone, whereas for SO3, if too high it will cause a loss in
expansive properties and can reduce the compressive strength then it needs to be
considered in making proportions for gypsum ingredients.

The difference between previous research and that research will be done is to
find out a good proportion in making white cement by making more modifications,
namely as many as 3 times the trial with different proportions

III. METHODOLOGY

A. Type of Research

This type of research is qualitative and quantitative methods because it

requires a lot of data, as well as the results of the analysis of SO3 and LOI and the
weight of the results. To be able to determine the results starting from the process of
testing raw materials, making white cement, and testing the contents of white cement
then made a comparison table to determine the best results.

B. Preliminary Data

A good proportion of gypsum, limestone and white slag in making white

cement is 7% gypsum, limestone 4% and white slag 89%. While the LOI value in
accordance with the Indonesian national standard (SNI) is a maximum of 5.0%.
Where based on the white cement limit, the percentage of SO3 levels is 1.0-1.8%
SO3 (SNI 15-2049-1994)
C. Tools and Materials

• Tools

a. Grinding machine

b. Balance

c. Beaker glass

d. Analytical balance

e. Excavator

f. Cup brace

g. Furnace

• Material

a. Gypsum

b. Limestone

c. White slag

D. Research Procedure

The method used in this study is an experimental method, which is a method

used to find a causal relationship with one another and compare the results. In this
study there are several stages:

• Test Object Preparation Phase

The preparation phase of the test specimen is a stage where everything related
to the making of the test specimen must be prepared. This stage contains the
preparation of tools, materials, places, determination of mix designs and technical
implementation.

• Stage of Making Test Objects

The specimens made are white cement with different variations in the content
of gypsum and limestone in white cement.

• Test object maintenance stage

After the white cement is finished, the white cement is tested so that it has
good quality.

• Object Testing Phase

White cement testing was carried out to determine the LOI value and% SO3
present in the whiteness content in three types of samples with different gypsum and
limestone content.

IV. RESEARCH SCHEDULE

Activity Oktober November

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
Raw material
preparation
Raw material
testing
Manufacture of
white cement
White cement
testing

V. REFERENCES
Ariefrvi.blogspot.com/2013/07/makalah-tentang-semen-portland.html?m=1
Noviar, D. 2002. Analisis Fisika Semen Portland, Tugas Akhir. Akademi Analisis

Kimia.Bogor .Hal. 27

Sugiyono. 2006. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D.Bandung:

Alfabeta