AC DC AQUARIUM WATER FILTER

JOVANIE T. PADOHILAO

An Undergraduate Project Thesis Submitted to the College of Technology

University of Southern Mindanao – Kidapawan City Campus
In Partial Fulfillment of the requirements
For the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
MAJOR: Electronics Technology
OPTION: Industrial Management
 INTRODUCTION
Aside from aerators, a water filter is one of the basic pieces of equipment for aquarium.
The basic function of a water filter is to remove unwanted impurities from water such as
sediment, taste and odor, and bacteria to result in better quality water. The goal of this project
is to develop ac dc aquarium water filter that can be powered by both direct and alternating
current sources. The ac is supplied by a power outlet, while the dc power is supply by a solar.
The device purpose is to mitigate the shortcoming of traditional ac aquarium filter, such as
when there is a lack of electricity from the power line, the water pump filter will stop working.
Another issue is that some of them are extremely large and heavy, with more wattage, which
might result in greater electricity cost, and it requires a high voltage power supply to operate.
Therefor the researcher design and constructed an Ac Dc Aquarium Water Filter capable
of supplying the voltage and power energy in the form of power electric supply in to water
pump filter. The uniqueness of this study is the capability charge on its own. This device has two
modes of operation, normal operation on AC power, and battery operation during power
outages.

Objective of the study

The study aimed to:
1.Design and construct Ac Dc Aquarium Water filter that can be automatically switch
during power outage.
2.Test the functionality of device to operate the pump.

Significance of the study

This study is to provide to help to remove physical and soluble chemical waste, and it can
help it into the fish owners for business and the breeders as hobbies, this device can work
normally without a present of electrical current from electrical outlet. This device is that can be
charge either from the power outlet or the solar panel.
Scope and delimitation of the study
This study involved planning designing, constructing, and testing the Ac Dc Aquarium
water filter for dual source power.
Operational Definition of Terms
To facilitate better understanding of this study the following terminologies are
defined as follows:
Aquarium: is a glass container
Pump: to drain the water in aquarium
Battery: stock electrical charge and power the device
Solar panel: gives electrical charge using sunlight
Relay: to switch the power source
 Review of Related Literature

J Bovendeur, et.al (1987) A water recirculation system for the culture of the African catfish
has been developed in relation to waste production and waste removal kinetics. The
production
of contaminants in terms of organic matter, nitrogen compounds and carbon dioxide, as well as
the consumption of oxygen by the fish were calculated for two feeding levels. The loading rates
of the separate water treatment units were determined from the distribution of organic matter
and nitrogen compounds between dissolved and solid matter. The removal of the
contaminants
was studied in pilot installations. settled Suspended solids could be efficiently removed by a
lamella separator, while the elimination of ammonium was achieved with either a trickling filter
or a submerged up-flow filter loaded with fish tank effluent. The performance of the biofilm
material attached to the filter medium was examined in batch experiments. It was found that
ammonium removal by nitrification could be described by either 1 2-order kinetics or 0-order
kinetics, depending on the ratio of the concentrations of dissolved oxygen and ammonium.
Based
on the observed biofilm kinetics, a design philosophy is presented for a water treatment system
consisting of a primary clarifier and an aerobic fixed-film reactor. In this philosophy, four
possible
types of reactor performance are described in relation to the ambient concentrations of
ammonium and dissolved oxygen and to the diurnal variation of the ammonium loading of the
reactor. Attention is paid to hydraulic loading of the primary clarifier, dimensions of the
biological
fixed-film reactor, water recirculation rate and water exchange rate. A follow-up experiment to
test the design methods, applied to primary lamella sedimentation and trickling filtration, gave
satisfactory results for a high-density culture of the African catfish.
G. Steinmeier et.al (2001) Dual source systems can request the necessary power supply
from two different power sources, with specific operational characteristics and requirements.
Exploiting the corresponding combination possibilities opens new optimization potentialities for
several practical applications, as in the case of hybrid vehicles. This paper discusses
optimization
strategy to be followed to obtain an absolute minimum for the case of an integral equality
constraint on one of the two sources and a fixed time horizon. It derives analytically an
algorithm,
whose optimality is confirmed by comparisons with the results of extensive numerical
optimization

Conceptual Framework of the Study

Figure 1 shows the tree steps of conceptual framework of the project. The input,
process and output which is the Ac Dc Aquarium Water Filter. The input of the study is the
ideas gathered or taken from electronics, books, and other references. Materials, tools and
equipment being use in constructing the device were included. Further time and effort were
also
consider inputs of the study.
Lastly, the designing, constructing and testing the device where the output of the study
work normally. The output is the finish project of Ac Dc Aquarium Water Filter
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
Books Planning AC DC

Reference Designing AQUARIUM

Materials Constructing WATER

 Tools and Testing FILTER

Equipmet Revising

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the bill of materials, tools and equipment, total cost of the project, labor

cost, design and lay-out of the study, construction schedule, and procedure of construction, testing and

revising, operating procedure, safety control measure, maintenance.

Bill of Material

Table 1 shows the materials and supplies needed in the project. In the construction of
the project.
Table 1. Bill of material
Item Quantity Unit Description Unit Price (PHP) Total Price (PHP)

1 1 pc Pump Filter 120.00 120.00

2 1 pc Aquarium 1000.00 1000.00

3 1 pc Solar Panel 450.00 450.00

4 3 pcs Led 15.00 15.00

5 1 pc Resistor 5.00 5.00

6 3 pcs Relay 330.00 330.00

7 1 mt Hook up wire 3.00 3.00

8 2 pcs Regulator 90.00 90.00

9 2 pcs Capacitor 30.00 30.00

10 1 pc PCB Board 65.00 65.00

 Total PHP. 2,108

Tools and Equipment

The tools and equipment used in the construction of the project with function are
shown in the Table 2.
Table 2. Tools and Equipment
Item Function
Soldering Iron - used for joining electronic component
Multi tester - used for measuring and testing components
Cutter Wire - used for cutting material
Electric Drill - used for boring holes in the PCB

Labor cost

The labor cost of the project is 50% of the total supplies and materials as agreed by the
researcher and the maker of the project, amounting of one thousand and fifty-four pesos only
(Php.1,054.00).

Cost of the Project

During the construction of the project, the researcher come up the total cost of the
project
intended during and after construction. Table 3 shows the total cost of the project.
 TABLE 4. Cost of the Project
ITEM Total Amount (Php)
Supplies and Materials 2,108.00
Labor 500.00
Miscellaneous Expense 550.00
Total PHP. 3,158.00

Design of the Project

Figure 2 shows the front view of the Ac Dc Aquarium Water Filter.

Fig. 2. Front View of Ac Dc Aquarium Water Filter.

Figure. 3. Shows the side view of the Ac Dc Aquarium Water Filter.

Figure. 3. Side view Ac Dc Aquarium Water Filter.

Figure 4 shows the back view of the Ac Dc Aquarium Water Filter.

Figure. 4. Back View Ac Dc Aquarium Water Filter.

Figure 5 shows the top view of Ac Dc Aquarium Water Filter.

 Figure. 5. Top View Ac Dc Aquarium Water Filter.

Figure 6 shows the Parts and Components of the Ac Dc Aquarium Water Filter

2 3 4 5

Fig. 6. Parts of Ac Dc Aquarium Water Filter.

Legend:

1. LED Indicator 4. Switch on/off

2. USB Charge Socket 5. Pump Output
3. Jack Socket

Construction Schedule

The construction schedule of the study shown in table 4 includes the operation and its
corresponding number of weeks. The planning and designing has one (1) week, preparation and
construction for two (2) weeks, and testing and revision for four (4) weeks.
Table 4 Construction Schedule
 No. of Weeks
1 2 3
A
B
C
Construction Procedure

1. Secure all materials and components needed for the project study.
2. Preparation of tools, equipment and materials needed.
3. Mounting the components into the PCB.
4. Connect all the components accordingly.
5. Recheck the connections by tracing the diagram.

Testing and Revision

The project was design and constructed. The performance of this project was observed
and
Checked when the load is automatically switch.

Operating procedure

The steps to be followed when operating the device Ac Dc Aquarium Water filter.
1. Press the switch on button.
2. When the indicators are light, there’s a load.
3. Then the load is automatically switch into Dc power source in day or lack of electricity, and
Ac
Source in night.
Safety and control Measures

In operating the device, safety and control measures must be considered:

1. Make sure that all connections installed correctly to avoid shorting.
2. Make sure put the device in the proper place to avoid getting wet.
Maintenance

1. Maintain clean the solar panel.

2. Always check the battery is charge.
3. Change the filter if needed
 Literature Cited

J Bovendeur, EH Eding, AM Henken - Aquaculture, 1987 – Elsevier Design and

Performance of Water recirculation system of high-density culture