MODULE 3: “ONE PAST BUT MANY

HISTORIES”: CONTROVERSIES AND

CONFLICTING VIEWS IN PHILIPPINE
HISTORY

Introduction

Primary sources play a crucial role in formulating

arguments in favor or against a particular issue in history.
Considering the existence of controversies and conflicting
views pertaining to some events in Philippine History, you
will be guided in understanding and appreciating the
richness of our past through inferring from the lens of
eyewitnesses.
This session is designed to present to you particular
events in Philippine history through the accounts of
eyewitnesses which led to controversies and conflicting
views. You will also be guided on how to formulate
arguments that are based on objective and enlightened
analysis.

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 “ONE PAST BUT MANY HISTORIES”:
CONTROVERSIES AND CONFLICTING
VIEWS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY

A. Desired Learning Outcomes

● Demonstrate the ability to formulate arguments in favor or against a particular

issue using primary sources.
● Manifest understanding and appreciation of our past based from the lens of
eyewitnesses.

B. Objective

● Formulate arguments in favor or against a particular issue using primary

sources.

C. Pre-Test

Give examples of controversies and conflicting views that you have read/heard about
Philippine History:
1._________________________________________________________.
2._________________________________________________________.
3._________________________________________________________.
4._________________________________________________________.
5._________________________________________________________.

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 Primary sources give facts about events in history. Considering the
existence of controversies and conflicting views pertaining to some events in
Philippine History, it is very important to be guided in understanding and
appreciating Philippine History through getting insights from those present at
the time when the event occurred so that you will be able to formulate
arguments in favor or against a particular issue using primary sources.

CONTROVERSIES AND CONFLICTING VIEWS IN

PHILIPPINE HISTORY

One controversy in the history of the Philippines is the site of the First Mass. Conflicting views
were presented and the search of evidences was done and these were examined. To realize the goal of
accurately establishing the exact location of the first mass in the Philippines, evidences presented were
re-examined. Here is an example of a source dealing with the re-examination of evidences about the
Site of the First Mass.

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 Source: Modified CHED Second Generation GE Faculty Training
Materials

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 E. Activities and Assessment

1. Cavite Mutiny of 1872

a. Spanish Version

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 b. Filipino Version

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 c. Official Report of Governor Izquierdo

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 Source: Modified CHED Second Generation GE Faculty
Training Materials
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 Task at Hand
A. Complete the table below about the Cavite Mutiny of 1872:
Cavite Mutiny Spanish version Filipino version Official Report of
of 1872 Gov. Izquierdo
1. Credibility of the
source (basing
from the
background of
the writer of the
source)
2. Persons involved
in the mutiny

3. Causes of the
mutiny

4. Timeline of the
mutiny

5. Outcome of the
mutiny

6. Similarities with
other versions

7. Differences with
other versions

B. Make an essay presenting your arguments regarding the issue on the Cavite Mutiny of
1872.

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 C. Cry of Balintawak or Pugadlawin

a. Account of Pio Valenzuela

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 b. Account of Santiago Alvarez

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 c. Account of Gregoria de Jesus

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 d. Guardia Civil’s Report

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 e. Account of Guillermo Masangkay

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 Source: Modified CHED Second Generation GE Faculty Training
Materials
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 Task at Hand
A. Complete the table below about the Cry of Balintawak or Pugadlawin:
Cry of Balintawak Credibility of Persons Timeline of Similarities Differences
or Pugadlawin the source present/ the event with other with other
(basing from involved in accounts accounts
the background the event
of the source
of the account)

a. Account of
Pio
Valenzuela
b. Account of
Santiago
Alvarez

c. Account of
Gregoria
de Jesus

d. Guardia
Civil’s
Report
e. Account of
Guillermo
Masangkay

B. Make an essay presenting your arguments regarding the issue on the Cry of
Balintawak or Pugadlawin.

F. Reflection

Answer this question comprehensively.

How can having the ability to formulate arguments in favor or against a

particular issue using primary sources help you in your chosen course ?

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 G. Post-Test

Give examples of controversies and conflicting views that you have learned about Philippine
History:
1._________________________________________________________.
2._________________________________________________________.
3._________________________________________________________.
4._________________________________________________________.
5._________________________________________________________.

Midterm Output: Identify a researchable topic on the historical and cultural heritage of
your locality. Prepare a research proposal considering your community as the locale of your
study. Use all available primary and secondary sources in your place. This proposal must be
developed into a full-blown research as a final term output.

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