1 WORKHSHEET: operations with matrices, de-

terminant, inverse matrices, systems of linear

equations
1. Do the following operations
0 with matrices
1 (if
0 it is possible) 1
0 1 2 0 1 4
1:1: A + B; if A = @ 2 1 1 ;B = A @ 6 9 2 A:
0 3 01 1 6 1 1
0 0 6
Ans: : @ 8 8 3 A:
3 10 0 1 0 1 0 1
3 1 2 5 1 11
1:2: A 2B; if A = @ 2 1 A ; B = @ 3 1 A : Ans: : @ 4 3 A :
01 0 1 01 0 1 3 0
0 1 2 5
1:3: 3AT + B; if A = @ 2 3 A ; B = @ 3 1 A:
4 0 1 0
Ans.: The subtraction
0 is impossible
1 of di¤erent formats
0 of matrices
1
3 1 6 6
2 1
1:4: A B; if a) A = @ 0 1 A ; B = : Ats: : @ 0 3 A:
0 3
1 0 0 1 2 1
2
b) A = 1 2 3 1 ; B = @ 3 A , Ans.: Multiplication is impossible.
05 1
0
B 2 C
c) A = 2 3 1 1 ;B = B C
@ 0 A : Ans: : 5:
0 1 1 0 1
0 0 0 0 0
B 2 C B 4 6 2 2 C
d) A = B C
@ 0 A;B = 2 3 1 1 Ans: : B @ 0 0 0 0 A:
C

1 2 3 1 1
 0 1
1 2
0 3 2 11 12
e) A = ;B = @ 3 4 A . Ats: : :
1 1 1 3 6
1 0

0 3 2
1:5: Give A2 ; if a) A = :
1 1 1
Ans.: Multiplication
0 1is impossible.
0 1
2 0 0 4 0 0
b) A = @ 0 2 0 A : Ats: : @ 0 4 0 A :
0 0 2 0 0 4
0 1 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0
1:6: Give A3 ; if A = @ 4 0 0 A : Ans: : @ 0 0 0 A :
0 4 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 1
0 1 2 3 1
1:7: Derive AT A B; if A = @ 2 1 1 A ; B = @ 2 1 A :
3 0 1 1 0
Ans.: The subtraction is impossible of di¤erent formats of matrices.

1 5
1:8: Show that (A + B)2 = A2 + 2A B + B 2 ; where A = ;
2 4
3 0
B= :
0 3

1:9: Calculate f (A) 2'(A); if f (x) = x2 2x + 1; '(A) = 3A + E;

0 1 8 15
and A = : Ans: : A = :
1 2 15 20
2. Calculate
3 2 8
780 793
2:1: : Ans: : 169: 2:8: 15 8 40 : Ans: : 54:
13 13
0 7 1

3 6 0 2
5 15 1 2 1 1
2:2: : Ans: : 0: 2:9: : Ans: : 0:
25 75 1 8 0 2
0 0 5 5

1 1 9 3
1 2 4
2 1 3 7
2:3: 3 0 5 : Ans: : 67: 2:10: : Ans: : 878:
5 1 0 2
6 1 0
2 3 8 4

2 1 3 3
1 2 4
0 1 7 9
2:4: 3 5 5 : Ans: : 46: 2:11: : Ans: : 66:
0 0 3 3
1 2 2
2 1 3 10

2 1 1 0 2
3 2 4 6 0 2 9 7
2:5: 3 8 5 : Ans: : 0: 2:12: 2 7 1 2 0 Ans: : 138:
6 6 1 5 4 1 3 3
1 8 0 4 5

100 20 3 1 8
2 3 1 2 9 5 1 7
2:6: 0 2 1 : Ans: : 16: 2:13: 102 29 2 0 1 : Ans: : 0:
0 8 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1

1 2 3 6 9 21
0 2 3 5 70 9
2 1 1
0 0 1 2 4 3
2:7: 3 1 1 : Ans: : 3: 2:14: : Ans: : 2:
0 0 0 1 2 4
0 3 0
0 0 0 0 1 8
0 0 0 0 0 1
 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0
2:15: 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 : Ans: : 20:
0 0 0 0 2 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1
3. Finde the inverse
0 matrices
1 of the following
0 1 matrices 1(if it exist)
3
1 3 0 5 5 0
3:1: A = @ 2 1 0 A : Ans: : @ 25 1
5 0
A:
4 2 1
0 4 2 5 5 2
0 1 0 1
1 1 0 6 9 4
3:2: A = @ 1 2 4 A : Ans: : @ 5 9 4 A:
1 3 9 1 2 1
0 1 0 1
2 0 0 0:5 0 0
3:3: A = @ 0 2 0 A : Ans: : @ 0 0:5 0 A :
0 0 2 0 0 0:5
0 1 0 1
2 0 0 0:5 0 0
3:4: A = @ 1 2 0 A : Ans: : @ 0:25 0:5 0 A:
1 1 2 0:125 0:25 0:5
0 1
2 3 2
3:5: A = @ 1 2 0 A:
3 1 2
0 1 0 1
2 1 0 2 1 0
3:6: A = @ 5 3 6 A : Ans: : A 1 = 31 @ 5 3 6 A:
1 2 3 1 2 3
0 1
2 0 0 0
B 0 2 0 0 C
3:7: A = B
@ 0
C : Ans: : A 1 = 0; 5E:
0 2 0 A
0 0 0 2
4. Solve systems using Cramers rule.
8
< x1 + 2x2 x3 = 2;
4:1 3x1 + 3x2 9x3 = 0;
:
4x1 + x2 5x3 = 1:
8
< x1 + x2 + 2x3 = 4;
4:2: 2x1 x2 + x3 = 2; :
:
x1 7x2 6x3 = 12:
8
< 5x1 + 2x2 + x3 = 1;
4:3: x1 2x2 x3 = 1; :
:
x1 + 2x2 4x3 = 4:
8
< 2x1 + 5x2 + x3 = 0;
4:4: 3x1 x2 + 2x3 = 0; :
:
x1 + 10x2 x3 = 0:
8
< x1 + 2x2 + x3 = 4;
4:5 3x1 5x2 + 3x3 = 1; :
:
2x1 + 7x2 x3 = 8:
8
>
> 3x1 x2 + 2x3 + x4 = 1;
<
2x1 + 8x2 + 10x3 = 0;
4:6: :
>
> x2 + x3 x4 = 0;
:
2x1 + 2x2 + 4x3 + x4 = 1:
5. Solve systems
8 using inverse matrix method
< x1 + 3x2 + x3 = 1;
5:1 4x1 x2 + x3 = 2;
:
2x2 + x3 = 2:
8
< x1 + x2 + 2x3 = 4;
5:2: 2x1 x2 + x3 = 2;
:
x1 7x2 6x3 = 12:
8
< 2x1 x2 + x3 = 8;
5:3: x1 3x2 5x3 = 6;
:
3x1 + x2 7x3 = 4:
8
< x1 + x2 + x3 = 0;
5:4: x1 x2 + 2x3 = 0;
:
x1 + 2x2 x3 = 0:
8
< 2x1 4x2 + 3x3 = 1;
5:5: x1 2x2 + 4x3 = 3;
:
3x1 x2 + 5x3 = 8:
6. Solve systems
8 using Gaussian or Gaussian-Jordan elimination method
>
> x1 + 2x2 + 3x3 + 4x4 = 7;
<
x1 + x2 + 2x3 + 3x4 = 6;
6:1 Ans.:(2; 1; 5 3):
>
> 3x1 + 2x2 + x3 + 2x4 = 7;
:
4x1 + 3x2 + 2x3 + x4 = 18:
8
< x1 + 2x2 + 3x3 = 4;
6:2: 2x1 + x2 x3 = 3; Ans.:?:
:
3x1 + 3x2 + 2x3 = 10:
8
< x1 3x2 + 4x3 x4 = 1;
7x1 + 3x2 5x3 + 5x4 = 10;
6:3: :
2x1 + 2x2 3x3 + 2x4 = 3:
1
Ans.: 8 x3 2 x4 + 8 ; 8 x3 21 x4 + 81 ; x3 ; x4 j8x3 ; x4 2 R
1 11 11

8
>
> x1 + 2x2 + x3 3x4 = 3;
<
x2 + 2x3 + x4 = 4;
6:4: Ans.:(1; 0; 2; 0):
>
> 2x1 x2 x3 = 0;
:
x1 x3 x4 = 1:
8
>
> x2 + 3x3 x4 = 9;
>
>
< 2x1 x3 + x4 = 0;
6:5: x1 + x2 x3 2x4 = 2; Ans.:(1; 3; 2; 0):
>
>
> x1
> + 2x3 + x4 = 5;
:
3x1 x2 + 3x4 = 0:
8
>
> x1 x2 x3 + x4 = 0;
>
>
< x1 + 2x2 + x3 + 2x4 = 4;
6:6: 2x1 + x3 2x4 = 1; Ans.:?:
>
>
>
> 2x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 = 5;
:
x1 + 3x2 + 2x3 + 3x4 = 7:
8
< x1 + x2 + x3 2x4 = 1;
6:7: 3x1 x2 + 2x3 + 2x4 = 2; Ans.: f(0; 2x4 ; 1; x4 ) j8x3 ; x4 2 R g :
:
2x2 x3 4x4 = 1;