Faculty of Engineering and Technology (FET)

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering

MODULE GUIDE

MODULE CODE: CIVE 314

MODULE NAME: Hydraulics I

Academic Year: 2021/2022

23rd September, 2021 CIVE 314 Hydraulics I

Contents

Hydraulics I (CIVE 314).......................................................................................................................2

Module Description...........................................................................................................................2
Learning Objectives.......................................................................................................................2
Expected outcomes........................................................................................................................2
Credit Hours......................................................................................................................................3
MODULE CONVEYING STAFF.........................................................................................................3
Module Coordinator..........................................................................................................................3
Teaching Assistants...........................................................................................................................3
How to Seek Assistance....................................................................................................................3
MODULE CONTENTS........................................................................................................................4
Module Breakdown...........................................................................................................................4
Contact Hours....................................................................................................................................7
RESOURCES........................................................................................................................................7
Recommended Text;..........................................................................................................................7
Other Resources.................................................................................................................................8
MODULE ASSESSMENT....................................................................................................................8
Continuous Assessment (40%)..........................................................................................................8
Final Examination.............................................................................................................................9
Submitting Assignments....................................................................................................................9
Late Work..........................................................................................................................................9
DULY PERFORMED (DP) REQUIREMENTS...................................................................................9
Leave of Absence..............................................................................................................................9
BEHAVIOUR IN CLASS...................................................................................................................10
SAFETY IN THE LABORATORY....................................................................................................10
ACADEMIC MISCONDUCT.............................................................................................................11
Plagiarism........................................................................................................................................11

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Hydraulics I (CIVE 314)

Module Description

This purpose of this module is to familiarize students with knowledge and understanding of
incompressible fluid flow in closed pipes and conduits. The fluid of major concern in Civil
and Environmental Engineering as applied to this module is water. As such the module will
mainly, but not solely focus on water flow in closed conduits or pipes. Civil and
Environmental Engineers are concerned with the transport of clean water for human or
industrial use, as well as the conveyance of the resulting spent or dirty water, mostly being
the sewage. All this water and waste water transportation is done in closed conduits. Hence
this module intends to get leaners to understand and be able to analyse the conveyance of
water in closed conduits.

The module introduces students to energy loss in hydraulic systems and flow classifications
as well as flow measurements. The analysis of various water distribution systems are also
introduced and studied at a depth suitable for BEng. The module will be delivered by one
lecturer with the help of Teaching Assistants, where possible, during tutorial sessions and
laboratory sessions. As this is a hydrodynamic analyses module, it is computationally reliant
and thus requires a suitable level of mathematics and physics as stipulated in the catalogue.

Learning Objectives
Upon successful completion of this module, students should be in a position to:

 Understand and apply the concepts of conservation of mass, momentum and energy in
fluid flow
 Define and differentiate various types of flows encountered in Civil Engineering and
Environmental Engineering.
 Be able to analyse a simple pipe network
 Be able to analyse a branched water distribution system.
 Be able to analyse a parallel pipe network system.
 Be able to justify the design method chosen for the pipe network.
 Understand methods of estimating discharges in pipe networks under various
scenarios, e.g., changing water head, changing gradient and pipe sizes.
 Be able to undertint and estimate the head loss encountered under various water flow
scenarios, and how this will affect the discharge.

Expected outcomes
Having successfully completed this module, you should be able to:

 Apply fundamental concepts of hydraulics to water distribution networks.

 Identify a suitable approach for solving simple problems of flows in pipes.

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  Predict energy losses in simple flows in pipes, thus determine where pumping will be
needed.
 Have a sound understanding of continuity, momentum and energy equations. 
Have a sound understanding of water flow and distribution systems as used in water
distribution systems.

Credit Hours
This program is a three (03) credit module delivered by a blended approach of 2 hour lecture
hours per week (one two hour lecture), 1 hour tutorial session, as well as three (3) hour
laboratory session per week. PLEASE note that the delivery mode of this module is not
static as some laboratory and or tutorial sessions may be used for lecturing depending on
the contents covered and the speed of progress as well as availability of laboratory as labs
are shared.

MODULE CONVEYING STAFF

Module Coordinator
Your module coordinator is the main contact person for the module. The coordinator will be
available to assist you in anything concerning the module or refer you to an appropriate staff
member who will assist you.

The Co-ordinator:

Dr G Ditalelo
Email: ditalelog@biust.ac.bw
Office 25: Potter cabin

Teaching Assistants
MR MPHO RADIPODI

How to Seek Assistance

If at any point during the module of the module you need help, please refer to the
consultation hours posted at the notice boards.

Information shall be disseminated through email. PLEASE make sure that your email
account is working. If there is any problem with your email address, please provide an
alternative email address that you are able to check regularly.

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 MODULE CONTENTS

Module Breakdown
Lecture and TOPIC SUMMARY
Time
Introduction  Introductions, rules, and regulations
1.5*2 HRS
 Module Structure
 The value of hydraulics—why study it?
And its development
 Definition of hydraulics,
 Definition of fluids,
 Properties of fluids
 Units of measurements
 Dimensional Homogeneity

INRODUCTION TO FLUID STATICS MAILY,

HYDROSTATICS (Fluid mechanics recap)

Pressure.
The fundamental principle of pressure variation with
depth : p=ρgh
-Gauge and absolute pressure (difference between them )
-Pressure measurement and devices used for it.
[ piezometers, manometers, differential manometers]
Omnidirectional Nature of Pressure; (Pascal s law)

Tutorial
1*2hrs HYDRAULICS- Principles of fluid flow.
introduction to
fluid flow 1. Flow classification
2. Steady uniform flow
3. Steady non-uniform flow
4. Unsteady Uniform flow
5. Unsteady non-Uniform flow
6. Flow visualisation/imagination of flow patterns
7. -The stream line theory
8. The stream tube theory
9. Streak Lines,
The concept of a Control Volumes as used in fluid flow
analysis and computations
THE FUNDAMENTAL EQUATIONS OF FLUID

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 FLOW—THE PHYSICS OF FLUID FLOW,
 Conservation of matter
 Conservation of energy and the concept of work
 Conservation of momentum
Tutorial
2*2 HOURS APPLICATION APPLICATION OF THE CONSERVATION LAWS
OF THE ( IN FLUID FLOW)
CONSERVATION
LAWS ( IN o Continuity equation ( Principle of conservation of
FLUID FLOW) mass or matter)
o Energy Equation (principle of conservation of
energy)—Bernoulli equation & its modification
with Energy Loss)

o Momentum Equation (principle of conservation

of momentum)
o Forces due to fluid in motion
o Forces exerted on pipe work
o Force exerted by a fire hose,
o Force on a bend pipe,
o Force on a T-junction.
o Introduction to the concept of the water hummer
as applicable in pipe flow.

Tutorial

Flow
1*2 HRS measurements INTRODUCTION TO EGL –Energy grade lines
(Velocity and
Discharge). Kinetic energy
Potential energy
Total energy
 Velocity measurements in pipe lines –Pitot tube
and pitot static tube
 Discharge measurement in pipelines
- Venturi meter
- Orifice meter
Discharge measurements from orifices
 Small orifices
 Large orifices

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 Tutorial
2*2.5 HRS Flow through pipes  The concept of viscosity and behaviour of real
and closed conduits fluids.
Shear stress in a fluid body
Its importance
Its computation
 Reynold’s experiment and the Reynold’s number
Flow classification
 Laminar pipe flow
Pressure drop at a point in a pipe line.
 Turbulent pipe flow
 Colebrook-white Transition Formula and its
practical application.
 HEAD LOSS
Its inclusion in discharge calculation for a simple
Pipe system.
Local Head Loss at:
Sudden Enlargement Head loss
Sudden contraction Head loss
Flow in an inclined and declined pipe –factors to
consider
2*2 Tutorials

2*2 HRS Pipe Line systems Pipe Network systems.

 Series, Parallel and Branched Pipe systems. (The
choice of the system).
Hydraulic analysis of a pipe network
 Loop method (flow in a pipe loop)
 Nodal Method (flow in a branched pipe net-
work)
 Selection of pipes to use. Pipe rating and
suitability for the Environment.
2*2 Tutorials
1*2 HRS HYDRAULIC  HYDRAULIC MACHINES
MACHINES  Pump analysis and performance.
 Pumps in parallel and in series.
 Pump selection

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1*2 HRS Pumping mains Introduction to
and Hydraulic pumping mains design and hydraulic considerations
structures Design
Tutorial
Sum≈24 HRS REVISION

Study week

EXAMS

WEEK 14 Exams
Week 15
EXAM Marking
EXAM BOARD

Contact Hours
Lectures: 1 per week (2 hours each)

Tutorials 1 per week (55 minutes )

Labs 3 hours per week..

NOTE: The contacts times are not stagnant and will change depending in the prevailing
circumstances.

RESOURCES

There are many resources where information can be sourced. Be very careful of unit’s
homogeneity and consistency as some reading materials use imperial units. You are
encouraged to read various articles in research journals for the latest and cutting research in
the subject.

Recommended Text;
Douglas, J.F., Swaffield, J.A., Gasiorek, J.M. and Jack, L.B. (2005), Fluid
Mechanics, 5th Edn., Prentice Hall.

Massey, B. and Ward-Smith, J. (2005), Mechanics of Fluids, 8th Edn.,

Routledge.

Chadwick, A., Morfett, J. and Borthwick, M. (2004), Hydraulics in Civil and

Environmental Engineering, 4th Edn., E & FN Spon.
Douglas, J.F. and Mathews, R.D. (1996), Solving Problems in Fluid

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Mechanics, Vols. I and II, 3rd Edn., Longman.

Journal of Hydraulic Engineering | ASCE Library

Other Resources
The library is useful resource for other books and online material. Please make a habit of
going there to use the books available on shelf. The internet also has freely available and
useful resources.

MODULE ASSESSMENT
Continuous Assessment will contribute 40% of the total score, with the other 60% from the
final examination, to be written at the end of the semester, as published by Department of

Registry.

Continuous Assessment (40%)

This will comprise two theory tests and laboratory works and an assignment.

2x theory tests ………… (20%)

1x Assignment ………. (10%).This can be presented as a long term assignment (mini-

project) presented in one continues report.

Laboratories …..(10%)

Attendance… (0%)

Attendance is mandatory. The University policy stipulates that in order to be eligible to sit for
a module examination, a student shall have attend a minimum of 35% of the lectures, and
90% of the tutorials and practical for the module in which he/she is registered [Ref. Students’
Handbook of Information]. Any student, therefore, whose attendance rating falls below the
required 35% shall not be eligible to write the module exam, THE DULY PEFORMED
(DP) RULE APPLIES. In this regard, students will be notified of their eligibility status for a
module examination prior to the exam.

Continuous Assessment Due Schedule:

Assessment Scheduled Date Time Collector

Test one 25/10/2019 1600-1900 HRS Ditalelo
Test two 12/12/2019 1600-1900 HRS Ditalelo
Assignment/mini DUE on 02/12/19 1500 HRS M. Radipodi(TA)
project
Laboratories Cont… Mr Radipodi (TA)

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Expected CA due 20 Dec 2019 20:00 HRS Ditalelo
date:

Final Examination
The final examination written at the end of the semester will contribute 60% to the final
mark. The examination shall be a theory assessment.

Submitting Assignments.
You will be required to sign a declaration, stating that the assignment you have submitted is
truly your own work and not copied, plagiarised from other students, textbooks,
encyclopaedias, journals or the internet. If it is discovered that you have breached this
declaration, a mark of zero shall be given.

Assignment must be submitted through Turnitin ; with the final report accompanied by the
Turnitin report.

Late Work
Late submission of work will be penalised by a deduction of 10% off the awarded mark for
every working day that the assignment is handed in late.

If you believe you have a valid reason you must provide documentary evidence to the module
coordinator before you miss a test or any assessment. Missed work may only be made up if
the absence is excused beforehand. Only approved reasons will be accepted as reasons for
missing assessments. See the College Manager for approved reasons.

DULY PERFORMED (DP) REQUIREMENTS

A DP certificate must be earned in order for a student to write examination at the end of the
module. The requirements for the award of a DP are:

i) Attendance at 90% of tutorials, practical’s and any field work. All practicals and
tutorials missed without valid reasons will count towards the 10% that a student
has missed.
ii) Continuous assessment of at least 35%. The CA mark is calculated from marks
allocated for performance during the module, assessed as listed above under
“Continuous assessment”. These will be published at the end of the module before
the final examination.

A list of those students who do not qualify for DP certification shall be published before the
examination but after CA publication.

Leave of Absence
An attendance register will be taken for each class; you are advised to attend all the lectures.

It is, therefore, imperative to notify the College Manager if you know you will be absent,
using the appropriate form, at least one week in advance. The College reserves the right not
to grant Leave of Absence in advance.

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If you miss classes it is important that you notify the College Manager by filling in the
appropriate form and submitting it with documentary evidence of why you missed the
classes e.g. a Doctor’s note, note from a clinic, funeral program or a letter from a close family
member in the case of funerals.

If you do not adhere to these procedures you may be not qualify for DP certification, if you
miss a test or laboratory or assignment without a procedurally valid reasons you will receive
a mark of zero.

There will not be an opportunity for you to do practical outside the scheduled practical days.
Or agreed days. If you had a valid reason and wish to do a practical on a day other than that
which you have been allocated, you will need permission from the module coordinator to do
so. Please note that it is your responsibility to inform the module coordinator in time in order
to arrange this.

BEHAVIOUR IN CLASS
It is expected that students will behave in a manner which does not impede the ability of
other students to carry out their work in class. This includes: eating or drinking in class; any
kind of noisy or disruptive behaviour. This includes talking in lectures; using cell phones in
any class is forbidden, this includes receiving calls or messages or replying to calls or sending
any kind of message; and the use of iPods or any other listening device. No audio or visual
recording of any kind is allowed in any class of this module. If any behaviour is deemed to be
disruptive, the lecturer or instructor may ask you to leave the class and any cell phone or
other device confiscated. Any such behaviour will be reported and may be acted upon
through the Student Code of Conduct Regulations.

It is the responsibility of each student to safeguard and use appropriately the equipment for
the laboratory. Misuse and abuse of equipment will not be tolerated will lead to loss of
attendance of the laboratory. Any student seen to be misusing laboratory equipment will be
required to leave the laboratory and any damages will be repaired at the student financial
cost. As the equipment for the module is expensive, students are urged to observe the utmost
care when using the laboratory.

SAFETY IN THE LABORATORY

This module comprises laboratory practical component. It is therefore essential that everyone
practices proper Safety Health and Environmental practices (SHE). Please make sure you
laboratory manual’s for safety and the consequences of not following safety precautions.

ACADEMIC MISCONDUCT
A student shall be guilty of Academic Misconduct if he or she breaches academic rules or
regulations, including false or fraudulent representation, cheating, plagiarism, intimidation,
bribery or attempted bribery, disruption of teaching, theft, copyright misuse and intellectual
property theft; possessing, using, or exchanging improperly acquired written or verbal

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information in the preparation of laboratory work, a report, essay, examination, or other
academic assignment; unauthorised interaction with another student or students in the
submission of academic requirements, false claims for work submitted by a student, alteration
of any academic grade or rating so as to obtain unearned academic credit, forgery, alteration,
or misuse of any University or College document relating to the academic status of a student.

Plagiarism
Plagiarism is a serious offence. The copying of other people’s work without full
acknowledgement is plagiarism and is regarded as a serious offence in all contexts. The
University regards this as a particularly serious offence, which will be recorded on the
academic record of any student found guilty of such. Such a student will either be asked to
sign an Admission of Guilt form or have the matter referred to the Student Code of conduct
Committee.

Following the signing of an Admission of Guilt form, the student’s name, student number and
offence are published on the University Notice System and any mark for the relevant
assignment is cancelled.

In serious cases, following a hearing in the Student Code Committee, the student may be
excluded from the University.

There is an increasing tendency for students to find suitable internet sites and simply copy
large parts of these sites as their own work. This is easily detected. While students are
encouraged to use the internet, note that you are obliged to acknowledge your sources.

Students are urged to do their own work and practice outside class hours to gain confidence
in technical drawing and graphics. Use the internet to learn the module and practice to
improve your own prowess. It will serve you well in your career.

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