CE 464

Hydraulics

ORIFICE

Jeric R. Aduna
 PURPOSE OF ORIFICE

- Measurement or control of flow ( orifice

may be circular, square and rectangular section)
- Orifice is a prolonged sides but if diameter
of size is 2(diameter) or 3(diameter) the materials
can be Tube.
Coefficient of Velocity

Vt
 Coefficient of Contraction
- Base on figure, The section ab where
contraction caused by the orifice is called Vena
Contracta.
Coefficient of Contraction
 3 Types of Jet Direction

1. Horizontal Orifice discharging upward

 3 Types of Jet Direction

2. Horizontal Orifice Discharging downward

 3 Types of Jet Direction

3. Vertical Orifice under low head

Coefficient of Discharge
Summary:
Summary:
 Example 1:

A 75 mm. diameter orifice discharges 0.023 cubic meter per

second of liquid under a head of 2.90 m. The diameter of the jet
at the vena-contracta is found by calipering to be 66.25 mm.
a.Calculate the coefficient of discharge.
b.Determine the value of coefficient of contraction.
c.Calculate the coefficient of velocity.
 Example 2:

An orifice 150 mm in diameter, having a coefficient of contraction

of 0.62 discharges oil (sp. Gr. = 0.80) under a head of 7.50 m.
The average actual velocity of the jet is 11.65 m/s.
Calculate the coefficient of velocity.
Determine the head loss of the orifice.
Compute the diameter of the jet at the vena contracta.
 Example 3:

Two closed compartments A and B are connected by an orifice

having a diameter of 140 mm at its sides. At compartment A, it
contains water at a depth of 3m. above the orifice and a
pressure on top of it equal to 50 KPa. On the other compartment,
it contains water at a depth of 2m. above the orifice and a
pressure of 15 KPa on top of the water surface. If C = 0.86 and
Cv = 0.92.
a.What will be the value of discharge thru the orifice?
b.Determine the head loss.
c.Compute the power loss in watts.
 Seatwork 1 (#1):

A 60 mm. diameter orifice discharges 0.019 cubic meter per

second of liquid under a head of 3.15 m. The diameter of the jet
at the vena-contracta is found by calipering to be 72.40 mm.
Calculate the coefficient of discharge.
Determine the value of coefficient of contraction.
Calculate the coefficient of velocity.
 Seatwork 1 (#2):

An orifice 130 mm in diameter, having a coefficient of contraction

of 0.75 discharges oil (sp. Gr. = 0.80) under a head of 6.70 m.
The average actual velocity of the jet is 12.45 m/s.
Calculate the coefficient of velocity.
Determine the head loss of the orifice.
Compute the diameter of the jet at the vena-contracta.
 Seatwork 1 (#3):

The jet from a standard 12 mm orifice (in a vertical wall) under a

5.4 m head, strikes a point of 1.5 m horizontally and 0.12 m
vertically from the center of the contracted section. The
discharges is 400 Liters in 569 sec.
Compute the coefficient of velocity.
Compute the coefficient of discharge.
Compute the coefficient of contraction.