Std. No.

ROYAL UNIVERSITY OF BHUTAN

COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
PHUENTSHOLING: BHUTAN

AUTUMN SEMESTER EXAMINATION: 2019

Class : BE Second Year Civil Engineering

Module : Fluid Mechanics

Module Code : FMH201

Max. Marks : 50

Max. Time : 3 Hrs

General Instructions:
1. Answer all the questions.
2. Unless otherwise stated, atmospheric pressure is 760 mm
of mercury.
3. Assume suitably any missing data.

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Question No.1 [16 x 0.5 = 8]
Fill in the blanks with most appropriate word or words or values.
1.1 In a sample of water an increase of pressure by 18 MN/m2 caused
1% reduction in volume. The bulk modulus of elasticity of this
sample, in MN/m2, is ………
1.2 A fluid indicated the following shear stress and deformation rates:
du/dy (units) 0 1 2 4
τ (units) 10 15 20 30
This fluid is classified as ………………..
1.3 For a fluid at rest, the shear stress is equal to …………
1.4 The flow field represented by the velocity vector V = ax i + by2 j +
czt2 k where a, b and c are constants, is …………………
1.5 The flow of liquid at constant rate in a conically tapered pipe is
classified as ……………
1.6 The total head in a flow is the sum of ……….
1.7 The difference between total head line and hydraulic grade line
represents ………………..
1.8 Section A and B in a uniform diameter pipeline are at same
elevation of 2.5m above datum. A valve lies in-between section A
and B. The flow parameters at A are: velocity head of 0.5m and
pressure head of 2.5m. The valve loss is 0.2m. Neglecting the loss
of head due to friction between A and B, the piezometric head at B
is ………………
1.9 In a siphon the summit is 4m above the water level in the reservoir
from which the flow is being discharged out. If the head loss from
the inlet of siphon to summit is 2m and velocity head at summit is
0.5m, the pressure at the summit is …………………….
1.10 In a two dimensional, steady, horizontal and uniform laminar flow
the shear gradient in normal direction is equal to ………
1.11 Oil of viscosity 1.5 Pa.s and relative density 0.9 flows through a
circular pipe of 5 cm diameter with a mean velocity of flow of 1.2
m/s. the shear stress at the wall in Pa is ……………..
1.12 Reynolds number for flow of oil in a certain pipe is 640. The Darcy
– Weisbach friction factor f for this flow is ……………
1.13 A wall shear stress of 20 Pa exists in a flow in an 8 cm diameter
pipe. At a radial distance of 3 cm from the axis, the shear stress, in
Page 2 of 6
 Pa, is ………………..
1.14 Two pipelines of equal length and diameter of 20 cm and 30 cm
respectively are connected in parallel between two reservoirs. If the
friction factor f is the same for two pipes, the ratio of the
discharges in the smaller to larger size of the pipe is
………………..(give answer in three decimal places)
1.15 A 20 cm diameter orifice discharging freely from a tank issues out
a jet of 15.75 cm diameter at the vena contracta. The coefficient of
contraction is equal to …………….
1.16 The stagnation pressure in a fluid flow is equal
to………………………

Question No.2 [3, 5, 4.5]

2.1 A turbulent flow in a 10 cm diameter pipe is found to have a
friction factor, f = 0.035 at Re = 105. Estimate the thickness of the
laminar sublayer. If the equivalent sand grain roughness of the pipe
is 0.80 mm, classify the type of boundary?
2.2 An oil of viscosity 9 Poise and specific gravity 0.9 is flowing in a
horizontal pipe of 60 mm diameter. If the pressure drop in 100 m
length of the pipe is 1800 N/m2, determine
i) The rate of flow of oil
ii) Centre line velocity
iii) Total frictional drag over 100 m length
iv) Velocity gradient at the pipe wall.
2.3 The flow in a 2.0 m wide rectangular channel is measured by a
rectangular weir 1.0 m long and 0.6 m high. Find the discharge in
the channel when the head over the weir is 0.3 m. Consider the
velocity of approach and take Cd = 0.62.

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Question No.3 [2, 4, 3]
3.1 A 15kW pump with 80% efficiency is discharging oil of specific
gravity 0.85 to the overhead tank as shown in fig 1. If the losses in
the whole system are 1.75 m of flowing fluid, find the discharge.

fig. 1

3.2 Explain with neat sketches the ventilation of weirs?

3.3 What is a Cipolletti weir? Prove that the flow over a Cipolletti weir
may be computed by using the formula for a supressed rectangular
weir.

Question No.4 [5, 1, 2, 4]

4.1 Derive Euler’s equation of motion.
4.2 A 30 cm diameter pipe, carrying water, branches into two pipes of
diameters 20 cm and 15 cm respectively. The average velocity in
the 30 cm diameter pipe is 2.5 m/s. Determine the velocity in 15
cm pipe if the average velocity in 20 cm diameter pipe is 2 m/s.
4.3 Differentiate between steady and unsteady flow; and uniform and
non-uniform flow.
4.4 A pipeline of length 2000m is used for power transmission. If
110.3625kW power is to be transmitted through the pipe in which
water having a pressure of 490.5 N/cm2 at inlet is flowing. Find the
diameter of the pipe corresponding to maximum efficiency of
power transmission. Take friction factor = 0.065.

Page 4 of 6
Question No.5 [4, 3, 1.5]
5.1 The tank in fig 2 has a 4 cm diameter plug at the bottom on the
right. The plug will pop out if the hydrostatic force on it is 25 N.
For this condition, what will be the reading h on the mercury
manometer on the left side?

5.2 In fig 3 , pressure gage A reads 1.5 kPa. Determine the elevation z,
in meters, of the liquid levels in the open piezometer tube B.
Assume γair = 12 N/m3, γgasoline = 6670 N/m3 and γglycerine = 12360

Page 5 of 6
 N/m3.

5.3 The velocity distribution near the solid wall at a section in a

laminar flow is given by u = 5.0 sin (5πy) for y ≤ 0.10 m. Calculate
the shear stress at y = 0. The dynamic viscosity of the fluid is 5
poise.

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