ABRA HIGH SCHOOL Subject: DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

Bangued, Abra Quarter: 3

SHS-DEPARTMENT Week: 4
Source: SLM DIVISION OF MANILA and LA UNION
Learning Competency Code:
1. Recognize vulnerabilities of different elements exposed to specific hazards. (DRR
11/12-id-12)
2. Differentiate among hazards, exposure, and vulnerabilities and explain the
relationship of the three to disaster risk. (DRR 11/12-ld-13)
Lesson 1: Recognize vulnerabilities of different elements exposed to specific hazards.
Vulnerability of an element is necessary to understand in order to avoid them in exposing
to hazards. There are many elements that is present in our respective home and knowing their
qualities would allow us to reconsider them in planning for the lessening the impact of a disaster.

The type of hazards, vulnerability, and the coping capacity of a person or a society dictates
the nature of risk to disaster. Aside from this, there also exposed elements that could lead to
disaster if left undermined. For example, why are matches is kept out of reached for children?
Why are ceiling of respective houses are being fixed before a typhoon strikes? Or why are leaning
building should be abandoned? Yes! Indeed, they are one of the exposed elements that are risky
when hazard is already present. Also, a simple paper is an exposed element that is vulnerable to
fire hazards.
 ABRA HIGH SCHOOL Subject: DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
Bangued, Abra Quarter: 3
SHS-DEPARTMENT Week: 4
Source: SLM DIVISION OF MANILA and LA UNION
Activity 1:

Direction: Observe the two pictures below. Fil in the necessary information in the table. If
they will both suffer from an Earthquake, answer the questions that follow.

TYPE OF HOUSE

Describe the
type of house
briefly.

If there would an
earthquake,
describe what
could happen in
both type of
house.
Activity 2:
Direction: Describe the quality of the exposed element and be able to describe
whether it is vulnerable or not to fire hazards.
Exposed Elements Quality of the Element Vulnerability to Fire Hazards
Pile of Papers

Steel Cabinet

Plastic Cabinet

Ceiling of nipa hut

Exposed electrical wirings

 ABRA HIGH SCHOOL Subject: DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
Bangued, Abra Quarter: 3
SHS-DEPARTMENT Week: 4
Source: SLM DIVISION OF MANILA and LA UNION

Post Assessment Test:

Part 1. Direction: Identify three actual situations that could happen from hazards in your
community and be able to differentiate the concept of exposure and vulnerability from your identified
situation based on the format below.
ACTUAL SITUATIONS EXPOSURE VULNERABILITY

Part 2: Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer that best describe the idea.
___10. What hazard is probably the worst for agricultural rice fields?
A. Typhoon B. Earthquake C. Volcanic eruption D. Fire
___11. Which element is most vulnerable to earthquake?
A. Paper C. a man inside a concrete house
B. Nipa hut D. a man standing near a high building
___12. All of the following elements are vulnerable to fire except
A. Concrete house C. lighted candle
B. Paper D. Nipa hut

___13. Which element is vulnerable to typhoon?

A. Nipa hut C. apartment
B. Concrete house D. condominium
___14. Which of the following is most vulnerable to pandemic?
A. Man and woman C. A woman wearing face mask
B. Elderly and children D. A family inside the house.
____15. Which element is vulnerable to fire?
A. wooden house B. Concrete House c. five-star hotel d. church
 ABRA HIGH SCHOOL Subject: DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
Bangued, Abra Quarter: 3
SHS-DEPARTMENT Week: 4
Source: SLM DIVISION OF MANILA and LA UNION
Lesson 2: Differentiate among hazards, exposure, vulnerabilities and explain the relationship of
the three to disaster risk
Disasters are sometimes considered external shocks, but disaster risk results from the
complex interaction between development processes that generate conditions of exposure,
vulnerability and hazard. Disaster risk is therefore considered as the combination of the severity
and frequency of a hazard, the numbers of people and assets exposed to the hazard, and their
vulnerability to damage. Intensive risk is disaster risk associated with low-probability, high-impact
events, whereas extensive risk is associated with high-probability, low-impact events.
Disaster risk has many characteristics. In order to understand disaster risk, it is essential to
understand that it is:
• Forward looking the likelihood of loss of life, destruction and damage in a given period of
time
• Dynamic: it can increase or decrease according to our ability to reduce vulnerability
• Invisible: it is comprised of not only the threat of high-impact events, but also the frequent,
low-impact events that are often hidden
• Unevenly distributed around the earth: hazards affect different areas, but the pattern of
disaster risk reflects the social construction of exposure and vulnerability in different
countries
• Emergent and complex: many processes, including climate change and globalized
economic development, are creating new, interconnected risks

The key to understanding disaster risk is by recognizing that disasters are an indicator of
development failures, meaning that disaster risk is a measure of the sustainability of
development. Hazard, vulnerability and exposure are influenced by a number of risk drivers,
including poverty and inequality, badly planned and managed urban and regional development,
climate change and environmental degradation.
 ABRA HIGH SCHOOL Subject: DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
Bangued, Abra Quarter: 3
SHS-DEPARTMENT Week: 4
Source: SLM DIVISION OF MANILA and LA UNION
Understanding disaster risk requires us to not only consider the hazard, our exposure and
vulnerability but also society's capacity to protect itself from disasters. The ability of communities,
societies and systems to resist, absorb, accommodate, recover from disasters, whilst at the same
time improve wellbeing, is known as resilience.

The type of hazard we experience teaches us how to be ready on the next attack. However,
we face different hazard unexpectedly. Furthermore, there are vulnerable circumstances in our
community that sometimes we neglect or never mind as long as there is no hazard or accident
that happen. For instance, illegal electric connections are sometimes done in a community where
a probable cause of fire will start due to overloading. As long as there would be no fire hazard, we
tend to disregard the possibility of fire hazards. Additionally, some materials around our
surroundings or the so-called elements are often neglected also. For example, our ceiling is already
loosening its gripped due to its age, yet we tend not to mind it until strong typhoons will sweep
the ceiling of our house. These are few examples how hazards, vulnerability, and exposed
elements could contribute the impact of disaster risk in our life. Let us understand further as go
on answering some activities.
Activity 1. Direction: List down possible exposed elements for each type of hazards and be able
to describe why the elements are vulnerable to disaster.
HAZARDS POSSIBLE EXPOSED ELEMENT WHY IS IT VULNERABLE TO
HAZARDS?
Earthquake
Typhoon
Fire
Activity 2. Direction: Fill in the necessary information based on the given question on each
column. Be able to suggest ways on how to lessen the risk of having disaster.

Type of Hazard Who/what among in What are the possible

your community is exposed elements
vulnerable toward (materials) that is
the hazard? vulnerable?
Typhoon
Earthquake
Fire
Post Assessment.
Part 1. Direction: Write the letter of the correct answer that best describe the idea.
___1. Which hazard is man-made?
A. Volcanic Eruption C. earthquake
B. Faulty Electrical Wiring D. Typhoon
___2. Which situation is vulnerable to typhoon?
A. Open billboards C. Fishermen in the sea
 ABRA HIGH SCHOOL Subject: DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
Bangued, Abra Quarter: 3
SHS-DEPARTMENT Week: 4
Source: SLM DIVISION OF MANILA and LA UNION
B. Family inside their apartment D. Only A and C
___3. Which situation show exposure to strong earthquake?
A. Cracks in the concrete wall of a house C. open electrical wiring
B. Table D. newly erected apartment
___4. The impact of hazards is affected by the exposed element and the degree of vulnerability
of the situation.
A. True C. Sometimes True
B. False D. Neither true nor false
___5. Which situation is most vulnerable to fire hazards?
A. Nipa hut using candle lighting C. A plastic factory
B. An apartment with circuit breaker D. A boy using electric fan at home
Part 2. Direction: Examine the diagram below. You will be given two situations based on a
given hazard. Be able to describe the result after the strike of hazard and answer the
questions that follow.
Storm surge People in the
The first community Houses community has
living coastal area improper
V
u e waste disposal
l x
HURRICANE and they cut
n p
e o mangroves.
r s
a u People in the
b r community has
l e
e proper waste
The second
disposal and
community living they grow
coastal area Strom surge Houses
mangroves.
Questions:

1. Describe the diagram in terms of hazard, vulnerability, and the exposed element.

2. What may happen to the first community after the typhoon?

3. What could happen to the second community after the typhoon?

4. Explain the relationship of the concept of hazard, vulnerability, and the exposed element to
disaster risk.