COMPUTER ORGANIZATION AND ARCHITECTURE

Preliminary Examination

“An honest zero is better than a stolen one hundred.”

Part 1: Multiple Choice. Choose the correct answer.

1. What is the name of the register that stores the address of the next instruction to
be fetched?
a. Program Counter
b. Memory Address Register
c. Accumulator
d. Current Instruction Register
2. What is the name of the register that stores the instruction that the CPU is
executing at the moment?
a. Current Instruction Register
b. Program Counter
c. Memory Data Register
d. Accumulator
3. What is a collection of wires called that sends data and addresses around the
CPU?
a. A bus
b. A connection
c. A link
d. A cable
4. What register is connected directly to the address bus?
a. Memory Address Register
b. Memory Data Register
c. Program Counter
d. Current Instruction Register
5. What register is connected directly to the data bus?
a. Memory Address Register
b. Memory Data Register
c. Program Counter
d. Current Instruction Register
6. Which of these is NOT a stage of the FDE cycle?
a. Fetch
b. Execute
c. Decide
d. Decode
7. Which of these does not happen in the Fetch stage?
a. The Program Counter is incremented by 1
b. The value in the Program Counter is sent to memory on the address bus
 c. The value returned from memory on the data bus is stored in the current
instruction register
d. The value returned from memory is added to the value in the
accumulator.
8. Which of these is NOT a bus in the CPU?
a. Address bus
b. Data bus
c. Control bus
d. Execute bus

9. In hexadecimal, what would be the next value of the Program Counter after 0x09
if it was incremented?
a. 0x0A
b. 0x10
c. 0xA0
d. 0xFF
10. What is the part of the CPU called that performs calculations?
a. ALU
b. Control Unit
c. Program Counter
d. Memory
11. Which of these happens in the Execute stage?
a. The Program Counter is incremented by 1
b. The value in the Current Instruction Register is decoded
c. The value in the Accumulator is stored in memory
d. The data at the address in the Program Counter is fetched from memory
12. What does PC stand for in Computer Architecture?
a. Program Counter
b. Personal Computer
c. Placement Counter
d. Probably Correct
13. What does CIR stand for in Computer Architecture?
a. Current Instruction Register
b. Computer Instruction Register
c. Current Input Register
d. Current Instruction Record
14. What happens immediately after the Program Counter has been copied into the
Memory Address Register?
a. The Data is returned from memory into the MDR
b. The MAR is sent to memory along the address bus
c. The instruction in the CIR is decoded
d. The data in the Accumulator is copied into the MDR
15. What happens immediately after the Memory receives an address on the
address bus in the Fetch stage?
a. Memory returns the data at the given address along the data bus
b. Memory updates the data at the given address using the value supplied
on the data bus
c. A second address is sent to memory
d. The Program Counter is incremented
16. What happens immediately after data is returned to the MDR from Memory in the
Fetch stage?
a. Data from the MDR is copied into the Current Instruction Register
b. Data from the MDR is copied into the Program Counter
c. Data from the MDR is copied into the Accumulator
d. Data from the MDR is sent back to memory along the data bus
17. What happens in the Decode stage after data is copied into the Current
Instruction Register
a. The control unit decodes the CIR to determine which operation to
carry out
b. The ALU executes the instruction in the CIR
c. The data in the CIR is copied into the Memory Address Register
d. The data in the CIR is added to the value in the Accumulator
18. Which of these is NOT something that can happen in the Execute stage?
a. Data from Memory is copied into the Accumulator
b. Data from the Accumulator is copied into the Memory
c. Data from Memory is added to the Accumulator, and the result is stored in
the Accumulator
d. The Program Counter is copied into the Memory Address Register
19. Which of these busses is unidirectional?
a. Address bus
b. Control bus
c. Data bus
20. Who is the computer architecture named after, where instructions and data are
stored in memory and fetched, decoded and executed sequentially?
a. Van Newman
b. Von Neumann
c. Vin Nowman
d. Ven Numan
21. Processors have a speed measured in
a. Hertz
b. Bits
c. Bytes
d. Seconds
22. Data and Instructions in use are stored in the
a. Processor
 b. Embedded System
c. Hard Disk Drive
d. Main Memory
23. Typical processor speed of 2016
a. 16Hz
b. 100MHz
c. 4GHz
d. 300GHz
24. Which of these doesn’t affect the performance of the computer?
a. Clock Speed
b. Number Of Cores
c. Cache Size
d. The Number Of Instructions In The Program
25. If the number of cores goes up from 2 to 4 – what is the exact effect on
performance?
a. Performance Decreases
b. The maximum number of instructions executed per second doubles
c. The maximum number of instructions executed per second quadruples
d. The maximum number of instructions executed per second is quartered
26. If the processing speed goes from 1GHZ to 4GHZ and the processor is changed
from an 8 core to a dual core processor – what is the exact effect on the
performance of the computer
a. The number of instructions executed per second doubles
b. The number of instructions executed per second quadruples
c. The number of instructions executed per second is halved
d. The number of instructions executed per second stays the same
27. The part of a processor in which instructions are executed is known as?
a. Core
b. Centre
c. Execution
d. Instruction Centre
28. Moore’s Law
a. Predicted that the number of transistors on a circuit board would
double every year
b. Computers would be capable of thinking and learning for themselves by
2021
c. That the number of cores on a processor would double every year
d. The performance increase of computers would eventually halt in 2021
29. Firmware refers to
a. Any hardware that can’t easily break
b. A combination of hardware and software
c. A type of software that is updated to make a computer work better
d. Hardware used in kitchens
30. If the processing speed goes up from 1GHZ to 4GHZ and the number of cores
goes from 1 to 2 – what is the exact effect on the performance of the computer?
a. Doubled
b. Quadrupled
c. Eight Times Faster
d. Sixteen Times Faster
31. If the processing speed goes up from 1GHZ to 4GHZ and the number of cores
goes from 1 to 8 – what is the exact effect on the performance of the computer?
a. Eight Times Faster
b. Sixteen Times Faster
c. Thirty Two Times Faster
d. Sixty Four Times Faster
32. What component holds the address of the next instruction
a. Memory Address Register
b. Memory Data Register
c. Program Counter
d. Accumulator
33. Results of calculations are held in this register
a. Memory Address Register
b. Memory Data Register
c. Program Counter
d. Accumulator
34. This holds the instruction/data temporarily after it is brought to the processor from
the main memor
a. Memory Address Register
b. Memory Data Register
c. Program Counter
d. Accumulator
35. This would perform an operation such as 5+8
a. Arithmetic Logic Unit
b. Accumulator
c. Cache
d. Control Unit
36. This DOESN'T happen during the Fetch part of the cycle
a. Address Bus is used
b. Program Counter increments by one
c. Arithmetic operations are performed
d. Main Memory is addressed
37. This doesn’t happen during the Decode / Execute part of the cycle
a) Current Instruction is held in the CIR
b) Results are held in the Accumulator
c) Status Register updated
d) Instructions are transferred from Main Memory
 38. Carries address of the next instruction that will be fetched
a) Address Bus
b) Data Bus
c) Control Bus
d) System Bus
39. What accurately describes a peripheral?
a) A component of a computer system
b) A device that is not directly connected to the CPU
c) A device that is directly connected to the CPU
d) A device that is plugged in
40. What is the purpose of the accumulator?
a) To perform arithmetic operations
b) To hold the results of a calculation
c) To hold the accumulation of instructions that have happened

Part 2: Fill in the blanks. Answer the questions carefully.

_______ 1. defines the way the system is structured so that all those catalogued tools
can be used properly. {Organization}
_______ 2. concerned with the way hardware components are connected together to
form a computer system. {computer architecture}
_______ 3. It deals with the components of a connection in a system. {computer
organization}
_______ 4. was the first computing system designed in the early 1940s. {ENIAC –
Electronic numerical integrator and computer}
_______ 5. was launched as the first personal computer with a graphical user interface
(GUI) that was sold commercially; it ran on the Motorola 68000, dual floppy disk drives,
a 5 MB hard drive and had 1MB of RAM. {Lisa}
_______ 6. can be referred to as the storage area in which programs are kept which are
running, and that contains data needed by the running programs. {Memory unit}
_______ 7. can be referred as an electronic circuitry within a computer that carries out
the instructions given by a computer program by performing the basic arithmetic, logical,
control and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions. {CPU}
_______ 8. is also a kind of memory which is used to fetch the data very soon. They are
highly coupled with the processor. {Cache memory}
_______ 9. known as the Non-volatile memory form of memory, means the data is
stored permanently irrespective of shut down. {Secondary memory}
_______ 10. known as the nerve center of a computer system. {Control Unit}
_______ 11. It performs arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication,
division and also the logical operations like AND, OR, NOT operations. {ALU}
_______ 12. enables the processor software to check each of the input and output
devices frequently. {polling}
_______ 13. MIMD stands for what? {Multiple Instruction Multiple Data}
_______ 14. refers to the storage of instructions in computer memory to enable it to
perform a variety of tasks in sequence or intermittently. {Stored Program Control
Concept}
_______ 15. refers to the flow of instructions or data. {Stream}
_______ 16. The sequence of instructions read from memory constitutes an ______.
{instruction stream}
_______ 17. The operations performed on the data in the processor constitute a _____.
{data stream}
_______ 18. are a type of computer memory used to quickly accept, store, and transfer
data and instructions that are being used immediately by the CPU. {Registers}
_______ 19. can be described as a class of techniques which enables the system to
achieve simultaneous data-processing tasks to increase the computational speed of a
computer system. {Parallel Processing}
_______ 20. ROM stands for what? {Read only memory}

Good luck and God bless!

Engr. Rodrigo P. Calapan

Instructor