CHEMISTRY 2017

Unit 3
Key Topic Test 2 – Combustion

Recommended writing time*: 45 minutes

Total number of marks available: 50 marks

SOLUTIONS

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2017 CHEMISTRY KEY TOPIC TEST

SECTION A: Multiple-choice questions (1 mark each)

Question 1

Answer: D

Explanation:

Endothermic reactions require energy. This energy comes from the surroundings.

Question 2

Answer: A

Explanation:

16
n(O2) = = 0.5 mol
32

E = 0.5 × 1704 / 3 = 284 kJ

Question 3

Answer: B

Explanation:

The equation in question 3 is the reverse of the equation given and also halved.
∆H =+1702/2 = +852 kJ mol-1

Question 4

Answer: A

Explanation:

The low activation energy makes nitroglycerine so dangerous to handle – it is easy to bring about
the reaction. ∆H is high and negative as it is a powerful explosive.

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2017 CHEMISTRY KEY TOPIC TEST

Question 5

Answer: B

Explanation:

Option B is the only balanced equation that is also incomplete combustion.

Question 6

Answer: C

Explanation:

4
n(C) = = 0.33 mol = n(CO2)
12

V = n × 24.5 = 0.33 × 24.5 = 8.2 L

Question 7

Answer: D

Explanation:

The per mole figures are given in the Data Book. These need to be divided by the mass of one
mole and the answers compared. Hydrogen releases more energy per gram than any alkanes.

Question 8

Answer: D

Explanation:

The specific heat capacity compares how easy it is to heat a substance. It is defined as the energy
required to raise 1 g by 1oC.

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2017 CHEMISTRY KEY TOPIC TEST

Question 9

Answer: B

Explanation:

Reactor B will require less oxygen as incomplete combustion is occurring. The mass of product
will be less and less energy is released.

Question 10

Answer: C

Explanation:

E = 4.18 × m ×∆T
8000 = 4.18 × 80 ×∆T
∆T = 24oC
Final temperature = 15 + 24 = 39oC

SECTION B: Short-answer questions

Question 1
a. i. 2CH3OH(l) + 3O2(g)  2CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)

ii. ∆H = -1450 kJ mol-1

1 + 2 = 3 marks

b. i. CH3OH(l) + O2(g)  CO(g) + 2H2O(g)

250
ii. n(methanol) = = 7.81 mol
32
nRT 7.81 8.31 438
V(CO) =  = 229 L
P 124

1 + 3 = 4 marks
Total 7 marks

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2017 CHEMISTRY KEY TOPIC TEST

Question 2
a. i. 2Al(s) + 3/2 O2(g)  Al2O3(s) -1600 kJ mol-1
ii. 2Al2O3  4Al(s) + 3O2(g) 3200 kJ mol-1
iii. Al2O3  2Al(s) + 3/2 O2(g) 1600 kJ mol-1
1 + 1 + 1 = 3 marks

1000
b. n(Al) = = 37.0 mol
27

E = 37×3200÷4 =2.96 x104 kJ

3 marks
1000
c. n(O2) = = 31.3 mol
32

E = 31.3×3200÷3 = 3.33 x 104 kJ

3 marks
d.
activation energy

∆H

2 marks
Total 11 marks

Question 3
a. i. C3H8(g) + 5O2(g)  3CO2(g) + 4H2O(g)
ii. bonds in propane and double covalent bond in oxygen
2 marks

b. i. ∆H, = -2217 kJ mol-1

2217
ii. ∆H, kJ g-1= = -50.4 kJ g-1
44

iii. ∆H, in kJ L-1 = 50.4 × 0.49 × 1000 = 2.47 × 104 kJ L-1

1 + 1 + 2 = 4 marks

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2017 CHEMISTRY KEY TOPIC TEST

nRT 3  2.27  8.31 723

c. V(CO2) =  = 341 L
P 120

4 marks
Total 10 marks

Question 4
a. C2H5OH(l) + 3O2(g)  2CO2(g) + 3H2O(g)
1 mark
b.
i. mass of ethanol = 1.7 g
1.7
n(ethanol) = = 0.037 mol
46
E = 0.037 × 1364 = 50.4 kJ

E = 4.18 × 200 ×∆T = 50400

ii. ∆T = 60.3 oC Initial temp = 15.6 oC
Final temp = 60.3 + 15.6
=75.9 oC

iii. It will be lower as there will be significant heat losses heating an open glass beaker.
2 + 2 + 1 = 5 marks

c. i. this will be unchanged as the mass of ethanol is unchanged

ii. this will be almost double the temperature increase as the specific heat capacity of oil is
much less than water.
1 + 1 = 2 marks

1.7
d. n(methanol) = = 0.053 mol
32

E = 0.053 × 725 = 38500 J = 38.5 kJ

2 marks

e. i. V(CO2) = 1 ×24.5 = 24.5 L

ii. V(CO2) = 2 ×24.5 = 49.0 L

1 + 1 = 2 marks
Total 12 marks

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