MAJOR STAKEHOLDERS IN HEALTH CARE SYSTEM GOVERNMENT , NON-

GOVERNMENT, INDUSTRY & OTHER PROFESSIONALS

INTRODUCTION
The health care delivery system is intended to provide services and resources for better health. This
system includes hospitals, clinics, health centres, nursing homes and special health programs in
school, industry and community. Stake holders encompasses a wide sector of society. They include
consumer or patient, community health care professionals, hospital health care professionals,
pharmacists, supplier etc.
Stake holders
• Stake holder is a person, group, organisation or system who affect and can be affected by an
organizational action.
• A stake holder is a party that can affect or can be affected by the actions of the business.
• Stakeholders are those entities in the organizations environment that play a role in an organizations
health and performance or that are affected by an
TYPES OF STAKEHOLDERS
ACCORDING TO INVOLVEMENT
• People who will be affected by an enterprise and can influence it but who are not directly involved
with doing the work. In private sector, people who are affected by any action taken by any
organization or a group.
• Example: parents, children, customers, owners and suppliers people that are related or located.
ACCORDING TO AVAILABILITY
• Primary stakeholders: the primary stakeholders are those that are engaged in economic transaction
with the business. Example: stockholders, customers and employers.
• Secondary stakeholders: the secondary stakeholders are those who are although do not engage in
direct economic exchange business but are affected by or can affected. Example: general public,
communities, activist, business support groups and media.
ACCORDING TO POSITION /WORK
• External stakeholders
• Interface stakeholders
• Internal stakeholders
External stakeholders
A health care organization must respond to large number of external numbers of external
stakeholders. They fall into three categories in their relationships to the organization.
• Those that provide inputs to organization.
• Those that compete with it.
• Those that have particular special interest.
THOSE THAT PROVIDE INPUTS TO ORGANIZATION
 • The relationship between the organization and these external stakeholders is a symbolic
(interdependent relationship) one, as organization depends on them for its survival.
• Stakeholders depend on the organization to take their outputs.
• The competitor stakeholder may be directed competitor for patient (E.G. Other hospital)
Those that compete with it
• The competitor stakeholder seeks to attract the focal organization dependents. The competitor may
be direct competitor for patients. (E.g. Other hospital) or they may be competing for skilled personnel.
Those that have particular special interest • External stakeholders in third category are special interest
group. These are the government regulatory agencies, private accrediting association, professional
associations, labor union, the media and political action group. Because of special interest conflict
most often occur. Compromise and, in some cases, overt collaboration generally resolves the
conflicts.
Interface stakeholders • Some stakeholders function on the interface between the organizations and its
environment. The major categories of interface stakeholders include the hospital board of trustees.
The organization must provide sufficient inducements to continue to make appropriate contribution.
The organization may offer professional autonomy, institutional prestige or political contacts, special
services and benefits etc.
Internal stakeholders
• Internal stakeholders almost entirely within the organization and typically include management,
professional and non-professional staff.
• Management attempts to provide internal stakeholders with sufficient inducements to gain continual
contribution from them. The stakeholders determine whether the inducements are sufficient for the
contribution that they are required to make partly on the basis of alternative contribution offer
received from competitors.
Stakeholder in health care delivery system
• Government
• Public
• Providers
• Hospital administrator and governing boards
• Non-governmental