11

Reading and Writing

Quarter 3, LAS 3:
Properties of a Well-Written Text
(Mechanics, and Coherence and Cohesion)

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Creative Non-Fiction– Grade 11 Quarter 3 – LAS 3: Reading and Writing

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government
of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is
created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among
other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.)
included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to
locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher
and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Development Team of the Module

Writer : ROSALLE B. NERY, TII

Editor : JOVELYN A. FLORECE, TIII

Reviewer : DARCY GUY Y. MAŃEBO, EPS

Illustrator : ROSALLE B. NERY, TII

Layout Artist: ROSALLE B. NERY, TII

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 LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET 3

Name of Student: ____________________________________________________________

Learning Area – Grade Level: ________________________________________________
Date: ______________________________________________________________________

I. INTRODUCTORY CONCEPT
In the previous LAS, you have learned that there are 4 common properties of a well-
written text: Language Use (choice of words), Mechanics (capitalization, punctuation, spelling,
grammar, etc.), Coherence and cohesion (connection of ideas), and Organization (clear and
logical pattern). You have also been equipped with the knowledge of proper language use. In
this activity sheet, you will learn how to evaluate a well-written text based on its mechanics, and
coherence and cohesion.
II. LEARNING SKILLS FROM THE MELCs
Evaluate a written text based on its properties (organization, coherence and cohesion,
language use and mechanics)
Specific Objectives:
At the end of this activity sheets, you should be able to:
a. Identify the properties of a well-written text (EN11/12RWS-IIIgh-4)
b. Revise faulty and weak paragraph
c. Evaluate text based on its mechanics (EN11/12RWS-IIIgh-4.4) and coherence and
cohesion (EN11/12RWS-IIIgh-4.2).

III. ACTIVITIES
Activity 1 Know the Mechanics
Mechanics is the technical aspect of writing and is characterized as a set of
conventions on how to spell, abbreviate, punctuate, and capitalize a composition.
Read the guidelines below in writing with proper mechanics and rewrite each sentence at the
end of each guideline.
1. Check your Spelling and Avoid Contraction
Make sure that you used Standard English (American English) in your text and be
consistent with it. You should be aware that there are variety of English and the most popular of
them are the American and British English. Never switch from American English to British
English and vise-versa. You also have to make sure that you spell them right. Aside from that,
you have to take note that in formal formal writing, contractions should be avoided (e.g. Use you
are instead of you’re, cannot instead of can’t, should not instead of shouldn’t etc).

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 Don’t
Harper Lee’s book, “To Kill a Mockingbird,”
clearly illustrates how coloured people
agonized under racial injustice during the
early 20th century and how even in a relatively
civilised time, white people’s worth was still
aggrandised..
Do
Harper Lee’s book, “To Kill a Mockingbird,”
clearly illustrates how colored people
agonized under racial injustice during the
early 20th century and how even in a relatively
civilized time, white people’s worth was still
aggrandized.

Try This!
Devision is Mark’s weakest skill in Mathmatics. He can’t solb any math problem without
calculetor.
Answer:___________________________________________________________

2. Proper Abbreviation

Do’s Example
Mention the full name of an institution or Pluto was demoted to a dwarf planet in 2006
organization with the abbreviation in after the general assembly of the
parenthesis, in first mention. Thereafter, use
International Astronomical Union (IAU), as it
the abbreviation only met two out of the association’s three
requirements to qualify as a planet (Library
of Congress). The controversy prompted the
IAU to meet up and delineate what a ‘planet’
is.
Titles such as Mrs., Mr., Sr,, and Jr. and Maria Garcia, M.F.A
those indicating profession and academic Dr. Jonar Salk
degrees (Dr., Ph.D., M.A, B.S) are almost Mr. Juan dela Cruz
always abbreviate. Titles of government and
military officials and member or clergy are
frequently abbreviated when used before a
full name.

Try This!
A petition is recently raised about turning back the name of NAIA into MIA.

Answer:_ __________________________________________________________

3. Be Careful with Punctuation

Be careful when using punctuation, especially in formal text. Punctuation marks guide the
reader how they should read a certain text. Avoid exclamation marks (!) unless they are part of
a direct quotation or you are expressing excitement.

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 Don’t Do
Who ate this Liza? I asked her. I don’t know “Who ate this, Liza?” I asked her. “I don’t
she exclaimed. know!” she exclaimed.

Try This!
Quick Call an ambulance, the mother shouted Oh my Where is the first-aid kit
Answer:___________________________________________________________

4. When to Capitalize

Capitalization may probably the simplest and easiest thing to do in checking the
mechanics of your written text, but because this is the most basic, it is easy to neglect. Below is
the list of common words that need to be capitalized.
Example
Pronoun I Today I will read my module.
Beginning of every sentence, first word inside She took her dog to the vet; He needed his
a column that stand by itself, and first word of yearly vaccinations. (She really loves her
a complete sentence after a semicolon (;). dog).
Beginning of direct quotation but not the Direct quotation: She said, “You need to
indirect quotation. work.”
Indirect quotation: She said that you need to
work.
Proper Nouns Name of person, place, thing or idea (e.g
Australia, Juan, Christianity).
Person’s title and book title Alice in the wonderland, Mr. Caroll, Dr. Santos

Events, Date, Days Whenever December comes, I am so excited

because it is a sign that Christmas was about
to come.

Try This!
The germans and the irish were among the settlers of united state.
Answer:_ _________________________________________________________

Activity 2 The Coherence and Cohesion

Coherence and cohesion make your text easier for your readers to follow and
understand. Both should be present in your text because having one without the
other will still create confusion for readers. Coherence and cohesion are
achieved when ideas are logically, clearly, and smoothly linked to one another;
without it, the reader may not be able to comprehend your composition.

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Coherence occurs when ideas are connected at the conceptual or idea level. It can be seen
through well-defended arguments and organized points. Cohesion is the connection of ideas at
the sentence level. It can be readily seen in a text through the smooth flow of the sentences and
the connection of the ideas.
Techniques:
1. The use of pronouns to refrain from using a specific word repeatedly.
Don’t Do
Ricky is a father of four. Ricky has three Ricky is a father of four. He has three sons
sons and one daughter. and one daughter.

2. The use of transitional devices to connect sentences with linked ideas.

Don’t Do

Chicken adobo is my favorite dish. I want Chicken adobo is my favorite dish, but I
chicken curry today. want chicken curry today.

3. Employs a repetition of keywords to tie up the paragraphs subtly.

Example:
“…But what have we done to promote the art of thinking? Certainly we make no room
for thought in our daily lives. Suppose a man were to say to his friends, "I'm not going to PTA
tonight (or choir practice or the baseball game) because I need some time to myself, some
time to think"? Such a man would be shunned by his neighbors; his family would be ashamed
of him. What if a teenager were to say, "I'm not going to the dance tonight because I need
some time to think"?…”
(Carolyn Kane, from "Thinking: A Neglected Art." Newsweek, December 14, 1981)

Examine the two versions of the same text below and answer the guided questions.

Version 1

For me, the worst thing about waiting tables is the uniform. All the waitress has to wear
this ugly brown striped jumper. The shirts were polyester. Sometimes someone you
know comes in. Now, I have a job in an office (Jose and Larioque, 2016).

Version 2

For me, the worst thing about waiting tables is the uniform. At the last place I worked,
all the waitresses have to wear an ugly brown striped jumper. Underneath it we had to
wear an even uglier polyester shirt. Sometimes someone I knew would come in and I’d
feel embarrassed by my outfit. Now I have a job in an office, where I can wear my own
clothes (Jose and Larioque, 2016).

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Guide Questions:
1. After reading the Version 1, what message did you get from the text? What is it talking
about?
2. Is the message of the version one clear and precise to the reader? Why or why not?
3. After reading the Version 2, did your interpretation of the text change? Why?
4. What do you think makes the Version 2 better than Version 1?
IV. EVALUATION
A. Choose the letter of the correct answer.
_____1. Which of the following sentence has an error in the proper use of punctuation?
a. Dr. Lee c. Look out!
b. Help! d. You, and I.

______2. Which sentence has a proper capitalization?

a. I read that book (it was over four hundred pages long) in a week.
b. I read that book (It was over four hundred pages long) in a week.
c. I read that book in a week. (it was over four hundred pages long.)
d. I read that book in a week; it was over four hundred pages long.

______3. Which sentence does not violate the rule in spelling?

a. Did you review the spelling roles?
b. I receive the letter that you’ve sent.
c. I read the résumé that you sent me.
d. The colour of the shirt that I bought was red.

_____4. Which is of the following shows proper cohesion?

a. I read the monthly salary report. Indeed, the weather is fine today.
b. I will attend the party if you will lend me a dress to wear.
c. Rita wants to be a designer. Rita loves to draw gowns, as a result, her notebooks are full
sketches.
d. That boy is the son of a farmer; however, he is very hardworking.

____5. Which of the following does not adhere to coherence?

a. I read the monthly salary report. Indeed, the weather is fine today.
b. I will attend the party if you will lend me a dress to wear.
c. Rita wants to be a designer. Rita loves to draw gowns, as a result, her notebooks are full
sketches.
d. That boy is the son of a farmer, however, he is very hardworking

B. Rewrite the paragraph in the boxes. Make sure that your version has proper
mechanic and coherence and cohesion. Use another sheet of paper for your
answer.

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 Club Palm Resort’s isolation created dissatisfaction among some vacationers, the
quality of the food was poor, people want a choice of entertainment in the evening. Most
of us spent too much time together day after day. People expect to be able to go out for
a meal if they feel like it.
1.

Structured interview was conducted with a convenience sample of students, now at

CNSC, who are taking up degree in education. Thirty students were interviewed as part
of this study. The college dean was also interviewed as part of this study.
2.
V. ANSWER KEY
Activity 1 Know the Mechanics
1. Division is Mark’s weakest skill in Mathematics. He can’t solve any math problem without
calculator.
2. A petition is recently raised about turning back the name of NAIA (Ninoy Aquino International
Airport) into MIA (Manila International Airport).
3. “Quick! Call an ambulance,” the mother shouted. “Oh my! Where is the first-aid kit?”
4. The Germans and the Irish were among the settlers of United State .
Activity 2 The Coherence and Cohesion
Answers may vary
Evaluation
A. 1.d 2.b 3.c 4.b 5.c

VI. REFERENCES
Bad Cover Letter Examples: How To Fix Those Annoying Mistakes. (2020). Retrieved 13 July
2020, from https://www.resume-now.com/job-resources/cover-letters/bad-cover-letter-
examples-how-to-fix-annoying-mistake
Barrot, J. (2016).Principle of Effective Writing. Academic Reading and Writing (for Senior High
School). C & E Publishing Inc.

Casilao J. (2020). Philippines' COVID-19 cases exceed 28,000 with 661 new infections. (2020).
Retrieved 20 June 2020, from https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/news/nation/743353/philippines-
covid-19-cases-exceed-28-000-with-661-new-infections/story/

Grammar & Composition Handbook (2016). McGraw-Hill Education

Jose, L., and Larioque, R. (2016). Properties of a Well-Written Text. Reading and Writing Skills (for
Senior High School). Mandaluyong City, Manila: Books Atbp. Publishing Corp.

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAMARINES NORTE

Eco Athletic Field, F. Pimentel Ave., Daet, Camarines Norte 4600
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DepEd Camarines Norte