POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

Maragondon Branch
Maragondon, Cavite

Name: Salamat, Andre Agassi D. Date: April 8, 2021

Course/Year: BSEE-3 Subject Code: ECEN 20093 Microprocessors
System

Unit 2
1. The circuit in the microprocessor that performs arithmetic and logic operations is called the Arithmetic
Logic Unit (ALU).
2. The numbers that are operated upon by the computer are called operands.
3. Where are the two operands held as they are transferred to the ALU?
- One comes from a register called the accumulator, and the other comes from the data register.
4. Where is the result held after an arithmetic operation?
- The result of the operation is stored back in the accumulator.
5. Which register in the MPU holds the instruction while the opcode is being decoded? Data Register
6. Which circuit in the MPU determines the memory location from which the next byte of
information will be taken? Program Counter
7. Which register holds the address while it is being decoded? Address Register
8. How many memory locations can be specified by an 8-bit address?
- The memory consists of 25610 locations, each of which can store an 8-bit word.
9. Explain the 3-step procedure for writing the number 3416 into memory location 9.
- First, the MPU places the address 09 on the address bus. The decoder responds by selecting
memory location 09. Second, the MPU places the number 34 16 on the data bus. Third, the MPU sends the
WRITE signal. The memory responds by storing the number contained on the data bus in the selected
location.
10. Define mnemonic.
- A mnemonic, also known as a memory aid, is a tool that helps you remember an idea or phrase
with a pattern of letters, numbers, or relatable associations.
11. Define opcode.
- An opcode is short for operation code. An opcode is a single instruction that can be executed by
the CPU.
12. Define RAM.
- Random Access Memory is a part of computer's Main Memory which is directly accessible by
CPU. RAM is used to Read and Write data into it which is accessed by CPU randomly.
13. An instruction is retrieved from memory and decoded during the Fetch Phase.
14. The operation indicated by the instruction is carried out during the Execute Phase.
15. In our hypothetical microcomputer, the mnemonic for the load accumulator instruction is LDA.
16. The opcode for the halt instruction is 0011 11102.
17. When the ADD instruction is executed, where is the SUM stored?
- Each time an ADD instruction is executed, the SUM stored in the accumulator.
18. How many memory locations are required to store the following program?

LDA 1310
ADD 1710
ADD 1010
HLT
 - Seven (7) memory locations are required to store the following program.

19. What will be the contents of the accumulator after this program is executed?
- 4010