1 1st Semester:Final Term November 5, 2021 Ms.

Maliwat

Keryll D. Ignacio 36 11 - ABM 3

APPROACHES TO LITERARY CRITICISM

I.TOPIC/CONTENT: APPROACHES TO LITERARY CRITICISM

II.OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to:
A.MELC Write a close analysis and critical interpretation of literary texts, apply a reading
approach, and do an adaptation of these require from the learner the ability to: (1)
identify representative texts and authors from Asia, North America, Europe, Lattin
America, and Africa)
B. Content: Express appreciation to the selection with the use of the different literary approaches.
C. Formation Standard
The learners will become:
A person who applies directed and independent learning techniques. (EXCELLENCE)
III.REFERENCE:
A. https://courses.lumenlearning.com B. https://www.quora.com
C. https://libguides.dickinson.edu>criticism.com
D. https://ashford.instructure.com

IV.KEY CONCEPTS:
Literary Criticism- the analysis of a literary text through various lenses that compare,
interpret, and/or evaluate works of literature. It is essentially an opinion, supported by
evidence relating to theme, style, setting or historical or political context. It may have a
positive or negative bias and maybe a study of an individual piece of literature or an
author’s body of work. Some critics consider literary criticism a practical application of
literary theory, because criticism always deals directly with particular literary works,
while theory may be more general or abstract.

Literary Approaches- are the methods, techniques, and choices that a writer uses to
create a good literary work.

1
 Critical Approaches to Literature

1. Formalist/New Criticism - this approach views each piece of literature that possesses all of its
meaning inside the text.

2. Feminism/ Gender Criticism - this approach views how sexual identity influences the creation and
reception of literary works.

3. Reader-Response - this approach views literature, not an object, like Formalism does, but as
adynamic interaction between the text and the reader.

4. Historical-Biographical - this shows the relationship of the work to history. How history and
literature inform and affect each other. This also shows the relationship of the writer’s life to the work.

5. Moral-Philosophical - this describes or evaluate a work in terms of the ideas and values it contains.
This approach analyses the morals and the idea of the work, which some deem too difficult to interpret
fairly.

6. Mythological/Archetypal - this explores the artist’s common humanity by tracing how individual
imagination use myths and symbols common to different cultures.

7. Psychoanalytic/Psychological - this approach is based on the theories of Sigmund Freud that center
on the author’s state of mind as well as the symbolic fictions that arise from the inner thoughts and
subconscious of the characters.

8. Marxist - this approach focuses on the cultural, economic and political context exploring the
relationship between the artist and society.

9. Cultural Studies - this views the lifestyle, everyday life, identity, and social relations of the
characters in the context.

2
IV.LEARNING ACTIVITIES:
A. Matching Type: Write the letter of your choice that best describe the item on Column A with
the item on Column B.

1. E

2. A

3. B

4. F

5. G

6. D

7. C

3
B. Literary Analysis: read the text below the use the given lenses in order to extract the meaning
of it.
The Road Not Taken
By: ROBERT FROST
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;

Then took the other, as just as fair,

And having perhaps the better claim,
Because it was grassy and wanted wear;
Though as for that the passing there
Had worn them really about the same,

And both that morning equally lay

In leaves, no step had trodden black.
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
Yet knowing how way leads on to way,
I doubted if I should ever come back.

I shall be telling this with a sigh

Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference.

C. Apply the formalism approach in the poem “The Road not Taken”

Two roads diverged in a yellow wood

deciding between two or more exceeding paths verifying our decisions when the regret of losing out
on the other "roads" begins to haunt us

He who has made up his mind finally where he takes the better road
for himself.

realization Uncertainty

What differs the two paths from How can he make a decision when he thinks that
each other? there is no going back?

Forecasts that one day, he will think critically in every decision that he makes. Learning
that it is okay to regret the actions that he did rather than not doing any actions at all.

4
 D. Reader-Response Theory

The poem "The Road Not Taken" by Robert Frost teaches us, readers that whenever life gives us
choices, we must make the decisions wisely. We, readers, can relate to the poem since it talks about
choices in life and what will be its consequences, either bad or good. I believe that people have their
own different ways of choosing a decision since most of us desire thrills in our lives. After I read the
poem, I recognize how making a decision gives us the meaning of life and it is also helping us to
become more independent and to have courage in every action that we have to take and face.
Although, I have to disagree with the statement of Robert Frost which is we have to make our decisions
without any regrets because I believe that we gain new learning from every mistake that we made. For
me, it is okay to regret our misdeeds, however, it is absolutely not fine to not take the opportunity to do
a thing. Overall, the notion of the branching roads representing life piqued my interest and I realized
that we have to be more critical in every decision that we make.

VI.SYNTHESIS/REFLECTION:
A. Why do we have to learn (to know) the Literary Approaches?

For us, learners, we need to determine and value every literary approach in poems, stories, and more
in order for us to make a better sense of understanding and create a proper form of judgments about
the said literature. It is our generation's job to identify and to choose a literary work that is worth
reading for the next future generations.