Units 1-2

Answer key
1 People and relationships 21 eat
22 have
23 came OR have come
Exercise 1
24 meet
1 shines Tense: Present simple
Rule number: 2 Exercise U
2 have you been Tense: Present perfect sim ple Own answ ers
Rule num ber: 3
3 does the bus leave Tense: Present sim ple
Rule number: U
2 Free time
U went/didn't like Tense: Past simple
Exercise 1
Rule number: 2
1 have you been doing Tense: Present
5 has seen Tense: Present perfect simple
perfect continuous Rule number: 2
Rule number: 1
2 am watching Tense: Present
6 crossed Tense: Past simple
continuous Rule number: 1
Rule number: 3
3 has been increasing Tense: Present
Exercise 2 perfect continuous Rule number: 1
1 has improved U w as having Tense: Past continuous Rule number: 3
2 disregarded 5 were walking Tense: Past continuous Rule number: 1
3 have invested 6 am reading Tense: Present continuous Rule number: 3
U visit
Exercise 2
5 partake
1 I don't agree
6 also had
2 I am having
7 include
3 I like
8 brought
U Do you mind
9 created
5 I'm thinking
10 destroys
Exercise 3
Exercise 3
The amount of leisure time available to people has
1 do you live
been increasing since the early twentieth century
2 come when m achines started to be invented to do many
3 have lived labour intensive tasks both at w ork and in the home.
U moved Previously, people were spending many more hours
5 Do you doing basic menial tasks and as a result had less
6 live time available for hobbies and activities. Although
7 do recently many people have been complaining about
8 live their work life balance, studies show that the amount
9 share of free time we have has been rising continuously
10 goes for over 50 years. More people are playing sport on a
11 Do you like regular basis nowadays and young people are taking up
12 love traditional style hobbies such as knitting and walking
13 arrived in the countryside. There has also been a large amount
U didn't like of government investment in leisure facilities in local
15 have grown communities, which has assisted the uptake of hobbies
16 know for a range of people including children and the elderly.
A few years ago, visitors to a local park would see
17 have
people who were playing football or walking their dog.
18 has M oscow changed
However, nowadays people are using the gym or a
19 has become
climbing wall as their way of sporting recreation.
20 have opened

Answer key
 Summary Exercise 3
1 has been increasing Making money out of other people's fame is a highly
2 are playing specialized skill, but one that can bring great rewards
3 are taking up to those who practise it proficiently. Marianne Beretoli
is one of those people; she owns a company which
Exercise U
sells information about celebrities to other celebrities
a 1 has been rising
as a kind of careers advice service. Although she was
2 are still buying
born in France, she used to dream of moving to the
(Note: the number + singular verb) USA, specifically Hollywood. Whilst studying business
b 1 were viewing at university Beretoli was known for her innovative
2 were watching approach to applying theory to practice and she would
te often challenge the ideas of her tutors. When she
Exam practice model answer had graduated, Beretoli worked in Paris and tried
unsuccessfully to set up her own marketing agency.
This graph shows the kinds of activities done by old people
Then she decided to move to the U SA and within months
in their spare time, covering a period from the 1980s to
realised that she had boon making made the right
now in Europe. We can see that generally the activities
decision. She moved from Paris to Los Angeles in 1995
listed have been increasing in popularity amongst the
and after she had been working as an assistant for an
elderly, with hiking increasing steadily throughout the
advertising agency for a few years, she had set up her
years, and playing sport being the most popular overall.
own company providing information services to the rich
In the 1980s, nearly all activities were growing in
and famous.
popularity. The only activity which w as becoming less
popular over these years w as going to the theatre. Exercise U
Going to the theatre declined steeply from 5 0 % to 30%. 1 B
This changed in the 1990s, and going to the theatre 2 C
became more popular, w hereas reading saw a
dramatic drop in popularity. The num ber of people Exam practice
doing all other activities increased. 1 A, C
This century, hiking, reading, going to the theatre 2 b
and surfing the Internet have all been increasing in 3 b
popularity. However, playing sport has been decreasing
in popularity. Despite this, playing sport is still the second
most popular activity nowadays amongst this group. Most U Education
elderly people are hiking nowadays in their spare time.
(173 words) Exercise 1
Note the tenses in both the continuous and simple. 1 'm going to Form: going to Rule number: 1
2 will Form: will Rule number: 3
3 Fame 3 's going to Form: going to Rule number: 2
U w on't Form: won't
5 will Form: will Rule number: 1
Exercise 1
1 hadn't cared Form: past perfect Exercise 2
2 used to respect Form: used to 1 C
3 would dream Form: would 2 A
4 hadn't earned Form: past perfect 3 B
5 had always thought Form: past perfect Exercise 3
6 had been waiting Form: past perfect continuous 1 I'm going to walk
Exercise 2 2 I'll call her
1 had lived 3 Shall I do it?
2 had never travelled Exercise 4
3 used to work Librarian: Hello there. How can I help you?
U ‘d been working John: j-witi: I’m going to do a presentation on
5 had travelled Mary Shelley, and I'd like to get som e
6 had appeared books on her.

104 Grammar for IELTS