2S BIO01A – General Biology
genetics through his garden peas
WEEK 2 Lecture 04/26/2021
Branches of Biology
Zoology — study of animals
Botany — study of plants
Cytology — study of cells
Ecology — study of biotic (and abiotic) factors
and its interaction to the environment
Genetics — study of heredity and variation
Mycology — study of fungi
Entomology — study of insects
Anatomy — study of the animal form
Physiology — study of the functions of living
organisms and their parts
FAMOUS BIOLOGISTS
ROBERT HOOKE: Micrografia (book)
-observed a cell (cell biology)
ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK: observation
and discovery of microorganism esp. protists.
CAROLUS LINNAEUS: Introduced binomial
nomenclature of classifying species
-Father of Classical Taxonomy
CHARLES DARWIN: Theory of Evolution
-survival of the fittest, adaptation to
environment
LOUIS PASTEUR: Vaccine against rabies
-Pasteurization process
MARTINUS BEIJERINCK: Discovered first
known virus – tobacco mosaic virus
JAMES WATSON and FRANCIS CRICK:
DNA Double Helix structure
GREGOR MENDEL: Pioneered the study in
EDWARD JENNER: vaccine > “vacca” 
small pox
- vaccine against small pox
-small pox used as biological warfare
-“variolation”
ANDREAS VESALIUS: Father of modern
anatomy
- illustrated the “accurate” parts of the human
body through examining and dissecting human
bodies, dead or alive
Notable Filipino Personalities in Biology
 
ANGEL C. ALCALA
• He was named as a National Scientist of the
Philippines in 2014
• Various research about amphibians and
reptiles
• Contribution in conservation on marine
protected areas
- pioneered and the first one to establish
marine protected areas (MPA5) in the
Philippines to manage and protect the fishery
species and marine biodiversity.
 
RAMON CABANOS BARBA
• He was named as a National Scientist of the
Philippines in 2014.
• Contribution is in the field of agriculture
wherein he invented a way to induce the
flowering of mango trees whatever season thus
boosting the production of mangoes.
-invented the mango flower inducing spray
used nationally and globally.
 
EDGARDO D. GOMEZ
• He was also named as a National Scientist of
the Philippines in 2014.
• pioneering work is the first assessment of the
damages in coral reefs in national scale.
- worked on restoring the population of giant • Saccolabium quisumbingii
clams in Philippine waters and the first in the • Hopea quisumbingiana
world to assess damage to coral reefs on a • Thamnium quisumbingii
national-scale, sparking coral restoration
efforts around the world.
 
FE DEL MUNDO
• She was awarded as a National Scientist of
the Philippines in 1980
• She did several pediatrics research and
extension services by training physicians,
nurses and other health workers.
• She also did community extensions by
helping people in remote rural areas and by
supporting the establishment of several
pediatric institutions in our country.
- designed a prize winning low cost incubator
made of bamboo. It is cheap and easy to make
since bamboo is found in barrio. This simple
incubator has saved many lives.
 
EDUARDO GUISUMBING
• He was awarded as a National Scientist
of the Philippines in 1980
• pioneering works in the medical plants in the
Philippines.
• His book in medicinal plants forerunner and
guide in all in the Philippines.
• He also led the restoration of Herbarium
which was destroyed during the World War
when he was the director of the National
Museum.
 
- Many ornamentals have been named after
him. One of which is the Saccolabium
quisumbingii -a small but plentiful flowers with
red and purple markings on the white lip, very
fragrant and grows in the mountains of the
Philippines.

In his honour, ornamentals were named after

him that is widely grown in the country:
• Quisumbingia merrillii
• Rhopalodia quisumbingiana
• Acacia quisumbingii