Purpose of calculation:

Calculate stress in a 'angle' tension fitting.

Calculation Reference
UK railway industry method (the British Rail "Brown Book" method).
Note requires XlXtrFun addin (interp function).
Calculation Validation
Independent verification is required.

Units= Metric 1

Input values
Geometry
w= 50 mm
h= 50 mm
t= 5 mm
e= 10 mm
c= 20 mm
j= 20 mm
i= 6 mm
Loads
P= 3000 N
Calculated Geometry
r= 45 mm ###
= h - t [Eq. 1]
a = 31.830989 mm = (w +Equations
### by www.ExcelCalcs.com
h) / p [Eq. 2] non-commercial user.
d = 11.830989 mm ### Equations by www.ExcelCalcs.com non-commercial user.
= a - (c + j) / 2 [Eq. 3]
k= 9 mm ### Equations by www.ExcelCalcs.com non-commercial user.
= 1.5i [Eq. 4] Note: this is true for standard bolt sizes
Stress in the wall Equations by www.ExcelCalcs.com non-commercial user.
Section AA
A= 500 mm2 ###
= (w + h)t [Eq. 5]
Equations by www.ExcelCalcs.com non-commercial user.
Second moment of area
I = 161257.97 mm4 ###
= 0.3 + ta 3 [Eq. 6]
Equations by www.ExcelCalcs.com non-commercial user.

Distance from neutral axis to extreme fibre

v = 20.264237 mm ### = 2a / p [Eq. 7]
Equations by www.ExcelCalcs.com non-commercial user.
Direct stress in the wall
σdw = #ADDIN? MPa ### = P [Eq. 8]
A
Equations by www.ExcelCalcs.com non-commercial user.
Maximum tensile bending stress in the wall
σbw = #ADDIN? MPa ### = P[v - d]v [Eq. 9]
I
Equations by www.ExcelCalcs.com non-commercial user.
Total stress
 σt = #ADDIN? MPa ###
= σdw + σbw [Eq. 10]
Equations by www.ExcelCalcs.com non-commercial user.

Stress in the end pad

(e/t)= 2 ###
= e / t [Eq. 11]
Equations
Z is a factor read off from graph - a 'best by www.ExcelCalcs.com
fit' polynomial non-commercial
curve is used user.
in place of graph.
Z= 0.5548 ### 3 2
= 0.0013(e / t) - 0.0301(e / t) + 0.2474(e / t) + 0.17 [Eq. 12]
Equations by www.ExcelCalcs.com non-commercial user.

{(a-d)/k}= #ADDIN? ###

= a - d [Eq. 13]
k
K is a factor read off from graph of 4 Equations
curves - 4by'best
www.ExcelCalcs.com
fit' polynomialnon-commercial user.in place of graph.
curves are used
k0.1 = #ADDIN? = 0.2267{(a - d) / k}3 - 1.8943{(a - d) / k} 2 + 6.2305{(a - d) / k} - 4.556 [Eq. 14]
###
k0.2 = #ADDIN? Equations by www.ExcelCalcs.com non-commercial user.
= 0.2{(a - d) / k}3 - 1.7714{(a - d) / k}2 + 6.1357{(a - d) / k} - 4.56 [Eq. 15]
###
K0.3 = #ADDIN? Equations by www.ExcelCalcs.com non-commercial user.
= 0.2{(a - d) / k}3 - 1.7714{(a - d) / k}2 + 6.2357{(a - d) / k} - 4.66 [Eq. 16]
###
k0.4 = #ADDIN? Equations by www.ExcelCalcs.com non-commercial user.
= 0.2267{(a - d) / k}3 - 1.98{(a - d) / k}2 + 6.8733{(a - d) / k} - 5.116 [Eq. 17]
###
Equations by www.ExcelCalcs.com non-commercial user.

(i/a)= 0.1884956 ###

= i / a [Eq. 18]
K = #ADDIN? ### Equations by www.ExcelCalcs.com non-commercial
Note19] user.
interp is a XlXtrFun addin function
= interp(ad73:ad76 , e73:e76 , [i / a]) [Eq.
Equations by www.ExcelCalcs.com non-commercial user.

Bending stress at bolt head position.

σbp = #ADDIN? MPa ### = PKZ [Eq. 20]
e2
Equations by www.ExcelCalcs.com non-commercial user.
Maximum shear stress at bolt head position
τp = #ADDIN? MPa ### = P [Eq. 21]
2kpe
Equations by www.ExcelCalcs.com non-commercial user.
 area force inertia length stress
Metric mm2 N mm4 mm MPa
US in2 lbs in4 in lbs/in2

e/t Z
1 0.39
2 0.55
3 0.68
4 0.76
5 0.815
6 0.845
7 0.87
8 0.88

(a-d)/k i/a = 0.1 i/a = 0.2 i/a = 0.3 i/a = 0.4

1 0 0 0 0
1.5 1.32 1.35 1.4 1.52
2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.5
2.5 2.75 2.85 3 3.25
 3 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.8

6 [Eq. 14] 0.1

0.2
0.3
0.4
x along length

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