4 6 U n i t8

Switch on
t
I ldentify the different forms of transport in pictures A-F.
'?
Work Ínsmall groups.List othertypes of 1and,sea,and
air transport.

Dl=- ,--
t
 Transport 47

Inthis unit
o keytermsfor differentforms of transport
a howto makepredictionsusingwill,may,might
o how to use correctivestress
o r e a d i n ga n d l i s t e n i n gf o r d e t a i l
o u s i n g y o u rs e a r c hs k i l l s t o f i n do u t m o r ea b o u tc a r so f
the future

Reading DRIVER CONDITION

DETECTION SENSOR
Thecarof the future
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
BETWEENVXHICLES
CAMERATO MONITOR
AREATO REAR

SENSOR TO FRONT
DETECT STRUCTURE
OBSTACLES TO PROTECT
BEHIND VEHICLE PEDESTRIANS

DEVICE TO RELEASE
INSIDE DOOR LOCKS SENSOR TO DETECT
OBSTACLES IN FRONT

Lookat the diagram and answer the questions.

1 How is this car different from a typical car of today? ASVs
2 What do youthinkASVmeans?
3 What are the aims of the designers of this car? Road trafíc is increasing worldwide. This increase
brings problems:road accidents,congestion,and
4 What further improvements could you make to this
pollution. However, engineers are working on
car?
Advanced safety vehicles (ASVs)which will be much
Readthe text and check your answers to questions 1-3 safer for drivers, other road users such as cyclists, and
in t. for pedestrians.They are also working on new engines
which use cleaner fuels.
Readthe last paragraph ofthe text again and note the
advantagesand disadvantagesof the forms of power ín ASVs will be equipped with electronic sensorsto
the table. prevent accidents and to make it safer for people when
accidents do happen. One sensor will stop the driver
Advantages Disadvantages falling asleep. Others will warn drivers when they are
too closeto other vehicles.
i electric
The car of the future might be electric. Electric motors
are very efficient and produce no pollution, but they
need heavy batteries and their range is limited with
2 hybrid currenttechnology. Hybrid cars have both a petrol
( p e t r oal n d engine and an electric motor. They save about t5%of
electric) fuel. They need batteries but they don't have to be
charged overnight as the motor acts as a generator
3 LPC
when the car brakes. Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)is
already used as a fuel. Cars can be converted easily but
LPG only cuts down pollution a little. Hydrogen fuel
4 hydrogen cells may be the long-term answer. They provide clean
f u e lc e l l power but each cell is very expensÍve.
 Gadget box
Thewotld'sfir;t hyrlrogen-powcred motorbikccan reach
8 0 k p h i n l 2 s e c o n d sl t. p r o d u c ens o p o l l u t i o na r r di s a l m o s t
si|cni.|-loweve r;thehytlrogenfrleIce||costs Í15,000 and
'rroisc-free'
rlotorbrike fans dorr'tlikethc ideaof a bil<e!
llow r:otrlrl
you ntakethis rnotorbikenroreattractivcto bikcrs?

It'smyjob )
J
A 1..,t.,.i.] ,.,..-
f\t.ryullrl((lt bc thc bestchoicc.it doesn't
prodrrccrnur:hpolhrticn.(lt'spossilrle)

I 4 Solar-powt:rerivchiclcs-.-- - --- bethe answerto

l* our transportproblerns.The ceilsare vely

ineff,cient. (lt'svery r.rnlikely.)
bt-'comemuch safel rnriththe
addition of rnany sensors.(I'mcertain.)
ir By 2015more peoplein Europe- -- ------travelto
work by train than by car.(It'spossible.)
l. I- 7 As worid oil sr-rpplicsdry up, petrol ---- - - -- get
nrore atrdmore expetlsive.(I,mcerta'Írr')
1 í n ; t j s l . | . l " ] l - í ) ) ' l r ; } l 1 , ; 1 1. ^
n4. 'l,.:rl. i l l . : t r j ; ; r l J l t - r 1, ':1l ri ir rt Jc e l
B Bccar:schydrogen-firclledcarsare silent,they
a l l , \ 1 ' a il l ' i i : ; ,c l i C . l . .
- -- be more dangerous than cars rvith
1 \ A ] ] r l ii , . : l i i r . í . i . il i l ; 1 l r , ii-.|l ] t c c . l r : . . l n . . ] 1 ^ r i t l . l ? p r : t r ocl u g l n c s .( l t ' sp o s s i b l c . )
2 I . { ' ; i ^ , l ] , . |n..; i ! ^ ' ( . ' :I i l ] 1 ^ r . . \l ,i í. ,. l i r l r i i j . . l ' ] ql own pl cd ictions aborrtth e topics belov"r
1.1;r,lo116'r for
3 \ i l . t l i r f i 1 1 . ; -; r1 , , i 1 r . lr l r t r l :t t i . ,r . ; ; : , r i , a r t 'i .l 'r l l , :. i ti'ir yr-'ars
into the frrturc.Therlcolnparcyour
4 \ ^ / h a t k i r t ' . ]r l Í Í r ' r r l r l l r l . : s . t ' h i : ; 1 1 1 6 1 ] 11111. ';'41] 1:rc-'lictions,oith lrour partner.Try to reach agreernent.
! l , \ i l 1 y L n i t - l h th i , l i : ; r i . , , ' 1 J ro' p n . l ' l u i l i t r , 1 ' or r s r ' thr' mrmber of cars in Vour countrv
Eng;lirh? p1i6's61,)i1
tl.rr:
t h e s i z ec f n A s s , ' n r ' ]t 'i rt c r ; l f t
o Languagespot the tlosL populai way to ttavi-:ltrl'ut'oLk
lhc rrscofclcr:triccars
Pr+r|ictírn; l,uíÍl, r{,ű\,?lr iqht
-
S t r t r i r .trl t c c c i : x , l l , 1 . ; !r ; ;
A C v a n c ^ , 1 ; ; , 1 f t [ 1 , , yl,ryi , l " : : i , 1 5 i ' . . . ) r . 1 . ,r1, :f 1", , , . ' t i ' : , : f i . i

T ll e,c :tt o f th e fiti ll r., il l íl 1|"'l.b n r: ic'c t r c, i

I [ t t r ] r o q r n l t t r l : : ! l s t ) 1 t i ) i. :! c t ' i i r ' i . r , i i tft6 r r . , ' ' 1 i r i ; , . - y -

W h e t 1 \ n . ' ,l .r l : i i j | r i r ] i r 1 | ' ' l 1 ; i 1 . ' ' | i l l : , ' . . ! r . ' r r ' l ^ r ] i l l . .l /l -Vl íJ . i i ,

r t s c t a l i 1íl . ' r I h i : 1 g sl y l ' i 6 ] 1; l 1 . . c l L : l i 1 -l ^ t t l. l , . ; r l i . ' ' l 1 l i
m t t i h t i ' t t i r ' 1 ' . r ';: v ' l ' i i i l : :1 ' ;:' r f i i i i ; 1 1 (' i ' l i ' : . :i ; i t l i r '
1 1 i Í f e r : . n c : ' } l . . i l ^ ' , r li .i ;1r1: ' l ' : t ; . lirli; 1 9 h i 1 : lr n ' t l t : r ; . .| i : l 1 l i i s l l)

N o t e t h l . s : : 5 1 . , . r i tí i l l - l l - . :r;l . .e : l i t r s p r ; i l 1 . 1; ] ]r -rrl | . j . : ]. - .
w o t l ' t - \ 1 , ' i in! o t
nligl,lín,t = il.ti,]l,iLll,li'

DIOT R.itv+rJt

) Goto Grammar reference p.119

I , ,Í^ l l !i ll ,l q t i 1 1 1 ; . ' 1 . l r i , t l l .
C o r . i t . . l r t t li l ' c : ( : ] i , .|]1.c. : -ii1 : ] j l l Í
't'i j.11
the Lrur-'g.r t iv f r- ,-'r':',t ''
l. r 1; ;5115il l lri ;r,: kC i S ,,rrill lt Clll.
1 \,Vc___.._ __ p j. ;l:: rc;Jcr':giilcrlil-,ilta fi,flri'e.
T h e r c l r - c h i t t l : i a , i l c r; i e l l v l j : l( I , n r r . ct:r i r . r . )
2 l{yrl16g1'11 tirr:lci.ll:; gt't rirr,:rpcr ls
t e C l t n o l o l , , , i r i t i r l . ) \;1 (. l ' t : rr r i l a i n . )
 Transport 49

Pronunciation Problem-solving
Corrective
stress I Work in pairs.Can you identify the less common forms
of transport in pictures A-E? Decide who might use
When we correctwhat someone says,we often stress
them and for what purpose.
the point of disagreement.

f) Listen to this example.

A Electricmotors aren'tvery eficient.
B No,electricmotors are very efficient.
2 Correctstatements 1-8.Use the words in brackets
where provided.
1 Hybrid cars have a diesel engine and an electric
motor. (petrol)
2 Hydrogenfuelcellsarecheap.
3 Most car drivers are happy to use public transport.
4 LPG cuts down pollution a lot. (little)
5 ASVs are more dangerous for pedestrians.(safer)
6 Solar-poweris the answer to our transport
problems.
7 Air travel is good for the environment.
8 Trains and cars are examples of public transport.
(buses)

I Work in pairs.Take turns to correcteach other using

the statements above.
{ f) tisten and check your answers.

I Work in pairs. Make statements of your own about the

topics below. Disagree with your partner's views and
give reasons to support your case.Use the dialogues in
{ as a model.
a the best car made in Europe
a the safest way to travel
a travelling by air
Ü studyÍngEnglish
a travel by train in the past and now
a the best motorbike
a the answer to traffic problems
a the most interesting job intechnology

In your pairs,decide what special features these forms

oftransport require to operate effectively.
5 0 U n i t8

328.761
mph / 529.33kph
JCB breaksthe land-speedrecordfor a diesel
enginevehicle(August2006)

ff Gitffii{aex

CustomeÍCaÍe Vocabulary
Making and acknowledgingapologies Recordingnew expressions
In Unit l you studied useful ways of recording new
vocabulary by grouping words according to subjects.It
is a]souseful to group expressÍonsby function - what
they are used for.
t Study the expressionsfor apologizing in the table of
functions.

I/ Weapologizefor
...
I/ Weregret...
If your company supplies faulty goods or if there is a O p e n i n ga l e t t e ro r e m a i l
delay in providing a service or meeting an order,you
C l o s i n ga l e t t e ro r e m a i l
may have to apologize to the customer.
Referring to previouscontact
We can apologize face-to-face,by phone, or by email
using phrases like these:
I'm sorry that your order is late.We'vebeenvery busy
but I'lIseeto it at once.
Sorry about the delay with your order. Now complete the table wÍththe expressionsbelow
We can acknowledge the apology using phrases like used for writÍng emails.
these: a Hi...
That's alright. / OK. It'snot a problem. b Wewill...
Don,tworry about Ít. No problem,
c I'm writing to you because ...
Sometimes we want to acknowledge the apology d Regards...
and make sure that action is taken. In this casewe add
e D e a r. . .
but....
f I wrote to you on (date)...
EXAMPLE
g W e ' r eg o i n g t o . . .
It,snot a problem but I,d like them to arrÍvetomorrow at
h We spoke(lastweek)...
the latest.
i Bestwishes ...
Work in pairs. Take turns making and acknowledging
1 \\ereason\m gehng'rn\ouc\'rs ...
apologies for the problems below. The customer starts
by explaining the problem. k I can assureyou that ...
o The car batteries you received are for an old model - Write a short email to a customer apologizing for
you wanted the ones for the new model. sending five air-conditioning unÍtsinstead of the sÍxhe
' You are still waiting for an important delivery of / she ordered.In your email, you should refer to the
solar panels, due this morning. telephone conversation you had yesterday and provlde
a reason for the error and tell him / her you will send
One ofthe office telephones you receivedyesterday
the remaining unit by express delivery.
is faulty.
 T r a n s p o r t5 l

Checklist
Assessyour progressin this unit.
Tick(/) the statementswhich aretrue.

I know keytermsfor d ifferentforms

of transport

I c a n m a k ep r e d i c t i o nuss i n g w i l lm
, ay,
and might
Webquest I know how to usecorrectivestress
Searchthe sites for detaÍIsof cars which do not have
M y r e a d i n ga n d l i s t e n i n ga r eg o o d
conventionalpetrol or diesel engines.Copy the detalls
e n o u g ht o u n d e r s t a n dm o s to f e a c ht e x t
into this table for each model.
i n t h i su n i t

Key words
Adjectives
au t o m a t i c
efficient
liquefied
pneumatic

Nouns
congestion
delay
fuel cell
hybrid
production
p u b l i ct r a n s p o r t
th rottle

Verbs
converT
detect
g i v eu p
monitor

N o t eh e r ea n y t h i n ga b o u th o w E n g l i s hi s u s e d
i n t e c h n o l o g y t h aits n e w t o y o u .

www.bmw.com
w w w . d a i h a t s cu o. m
www.ford.com
www.om.com
w w w . a u t o m o b i l ehso. n d a . c o m
w w w .m e r c e d e s - b e n z . c o m
www.smart.com
www.suzuki.com
www.toyota.com
www.votvo.com