Subject: ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND

PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES
Department: ENGLISH
Duration: 2 weeks

English Academic for Professional Purposes

COURSE OUTLINE
First Quarter 2020

1
 English Academic for Professional Purposes
COURSE OUTLINE
First Quarter 2020-2021

Textbook:
Barrot, J. &Sipacio P. (2016).
Communication Today: English for Academic and
Professional Purposes for Senior High School.
C&E Publishing, Inc.: Quezon City

Learning Packets
Module 1: Fundamentals of Academic Texts Faculty Room:
Xavier University-Senior
Module 2: Introduction to Referencing HighSchool
Module 3: Academic Papers
Module 4: Written Report

Grading System for Applied Subject:

Semestral Grade = Midterm Grade (50%) Final Grade (50%)

Written Works 25% Written Works

25%
Performance Task 45% Performance Task
45%
Quarterly Assessment 30% Quarterly Assessment
30%

Written Works:
Written works constitute long tests, post-tests, quizzes, seatworks, assignments, or any written activity.
These will be given depending on the need and will be usually scheduled. Questions for quizzes are usually
exercise questions or applications to practice the concepts learned but will sometimes be “objective” type.
They may be held before or after the lecture or activity, so students are held responsible to study and be
prepared. Assignments or homework are given with the intention of encouraging self-study among students,
not just to review their lecture notes but also to pursue skills development not readily acquired during class
hours or learning time.

Performance Tasks:
Performance tasks (PT) are given or announced to students at the start of the quarter. Ample time and
appropriate scaffold tasks are given so that students can prepare well.

Quarterly Assessment:
There are two major exams for quarterly assessment: Midterm and Final. Delayed exam will be given within
one week after the scheduled examination. There will be no removal examinations.

Reading Assignments:
Students are expected to read all required material(s) given by the teachers. One must refer to the topics
in the course outline.

Non-regular Activity:
During the cautious return to on-campus learning and depending on the availability of facilities some class
periods may be spent in the Audio Visual Room for other instructional modes like video-showing,
PowerPoint presentations or multi-media activities.

Study/Activity group and Activity Partner:

During the class orientation on the first day, study/activity group and partner are created. This is created to
allow students to interact with each other through group activities or activity with a partner.

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 ENG 201: ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES

Class Decorum:
For virtual classes, students are expected to observe netiquette. Taking down notes is an integrated
function of every student as well as studying and participating in class. For students who can’t join the
virtual classes, they will have to do the tasks on their own, following the prescribed Learning Time.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:
The course aims for students to acquire knowledge of appropriate reading strategies for a better
understanding of academic texts and to comprehend and make various types of academic papers.

Duration: 11 weeks (1st Quarter)

WEEK ESSENTIAL TOPICS Activities/ Tasks/ Assessment

1 Differentiates language used Subject Orientation
in academic texts from Pre-test
July 6-10 various disciplines Organizing Ideas/exit Tickets

2 States the thesis statement Locating Main Idea Practice

of an academic text
July 13-17 Outlining Practice
Uses knowledge of text
structure to glean the
information he/she needs
CS

Outlines reading texts in

various disciplines

3 Uses various techniques in Minitask 1

summarizing a variety of Paraphrasing and Summarizing an abstract
July 20-24 academic texts
paraphrases/ explains a text
using one’s own words

4 Identify features of valid CRAAP Test

sources
July 27-31 Apply the correct citation Citation Practice
style for both in-text and
bibliography entries

5 Midterm Exam

Aug. 3-7

6 Uses appropriate critical Writeshop: Reaction Paper

writing a critique such as
Aug. 10-14 formalism, feminism, etc. Minitask 2: Concept Paper Writing
Writes an objective/balanced
review or critique of a work of
art, an event or a program

Determines the ways a writer

can elucidate on a concept
by definition, explication and
Clarification

Compare and contrast

various kinds of concept
papers: a. Art b. Business c.
Law d. Philosophy e. Politics

3
 f. Religion g. Science h.
Sports i. TechVoc – Home
Economics – Agri-Fishery –
IA – ICT
Presents a novel concept or
project with accompanying
visuals/ graphic aids

Defends a stand on an issue

by presenting reasonable
7 arguments supported by
properly cited factual
evidences
Aug. 17-20 Writes various kinds of
position papers

8 Designs, tests and revises Instruments making

survey questionnaires*

Aug. 24-28 Conducts surveys,

experiments or observations* Interpreting and preparing visuals

Gathers information from

surveys, experiments, or
observations*

Summarizes findings and

executes the report through
narrative and visual/graphic
form Performance Task

9
Determines the objectives
Sept 1 -4, and structures of various
kinds of reports Performance Task: Written Report

10
Sept. 7-11 PT Making/Submission

11
Sept 14 -18 Final Exam
*Schedule may be subjected to changes.

IMPORTANT REMINDERS:

1) Follow the target date of each lesson

2) Complete the tasks/activities on time
3) Submit requirements on or before the due date
4) Ask for clarifications from your teacher if needed

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 SUBJECT: ENG 201: ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND
PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES

GRADE LEVEL AND STRAND: 12 STEM, ABM, HUMSS/GAS, & TVL

MODULE NO. _2_

Title: Fundamentals of Academic Texts

Duration: 2 weeks

LESSONS OVERVIEW

Welcome to our second module!

Welcome to English 201: English for Academic and Professional Purposes class. This course
aims to enhance your communication skills in different academic and professional contexts.
Essential topics related to academic texts will be discussed in this module. Lessons are
coupled with activities which strengthen the understanding of these topics. You are expected
to demonstrate the following as evidence of learning:

Content Standards: The learner acquires knowledge of appropriate reading strategies for a
better understanding of academic texts

Performance Standards: The learner produces a detailed abstract of information gathered

from the various academic texts read

Formation Standards: The learner writes an academic text based on accuracy to maintain
one’s integrity and to cultivate competence in their chosen field.

Most Essential Learning Competencies:

1) Identify features of valid sources

2) Apply the correct citation style for both in-text and bibliography entries
3) Determines the ways a writer can elucidate on a concept by definition, explication
and
Clarification
4) Compare and contrast various kinds of concept papers: a. Art b. Business c. Law d.
Philosophy e. Politics f. Religion g. Science h. Sports i. TechVoc – Home Economics –
Agri-Fishery – IA – ICT
5) Presents a novel concept or project with accompanying visuals/ graphic aids

Essential Topic: Referencing

Title: Fundamentals of Academic Texts

5
Learning Objectives Evaluating Sources

1) Identify the criteria in evaluating sources for academic

writing;
2) Evaluate the sources they gathered for their research; and
3) Make use of the CRAAP test in evaluating sources

Citation

1) Identify the importance of citation and differentiate in text

citations from reference citations;
2) Demonstrate understanding in citing sources through a
workshop; and
3) Cite a text with the appropriate.

Concept Paper

1) Identify the purpose of writing a concept paper;

2) Demonstrate understanding how to write a concept paper
through a workshop; and
3) Write a concept paper.
Evidence of Learning 1) Completing the tasks/activities of each lesson
2) Carrying out the Minitask 2 following the rules and
guidelines of referencing and writing a concept paper

Self-regulated Strategies CRAAP Test, Citation Practice, & Diagram Completion

References Barrot, J. & Sipacio, P. J. F. (2016). English for academic and
professional purposes for senior high school. Quezon City: C &
E Publishing, Inc.

*most sources are cited after each lesson

By the end of the quarter, you are expected to show the following as Performance
Task: Written Report.

The Xavier University Senior High School is calling for submission of papers for its 4th Research
Summit (Situation) as group-researchers (Role), you will submit a written report online
(Product) of your chosen topic related to your strand that addresses a societal issue in your
community (Goal). You are going to be rated according to content, organization, and proper
use of writing conventions (Standard).

To manage your time well, observe the Learning Time below:

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 Lesson Activity No./ Task Target Date of Completion

1) Evaluating Sources 1 July 31, 2020

2) Citation 2 July 31, 2020

3) Concept Paper 3 Aug 12, 2020

EAPP Teachers

If there are questions and/or clarifications, do not hesitate to contact your teacher through
his/her contact details below.

Teacher Contact details

Mr. Leonard Jaco Apas lapas@xu.edu.ph
Ms. Marie France Bal-ot maspuria@xu.edu.ph
Ms. Roselainie Calil rcalil@xu.edu.ph
Ms. Raya Discipulo rdiscipulo@xu.edu.ph
Ms. Anna Marie Maghanoy amaghanoy@xu.edu.ph
Ms. Pia Chudney Masongsong pmasongsong@xu.edu.ph
Ms. Jessa Joyce Tamiok jtamiok@xu.edu.ph
Ms. Summer Paguia spaguia@xu.edu.ph

PRE-TEST:

Let’s find out how much you already know about this module. Encircle the letter that you think
best answers the question. Please answer all items. After taking this short test, you will see
the answer key. Take note of the items that you were not able to correctly answer and look
for the right answer as you go through this module.

1) In an academic text, the data from older publications may no longer be valid. What is
the utmost number of years a publication should have?

A. 5 years
B. 8 years
C. 10 years
D. 12 years

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2) Scholarly writers are held to a higher standard of rigor than casual writers in order to
produce a credible text, which is NOT a standard of an academic text?
A. Academic texts includes citations.
B. Academic texts are self-published materials.
C. Peer-reviewed articles are read and evaluated by a panel of peers — other experts in the
field.
D. Scholarly sources are written by experts in a particular discipline for other experts in their
field.

3) Scholarship is a continually evolving body of knowledge, and information that is once

groundbreaking may be proven incorrect or outdated within a few years or even
months. Which criteria of evaluating sources does it describe?

A. Authority C. Relevance
B. Currency D. Location of Sources

4) What is the correct reference format for a book?

A. Weinberg, R. S., & Gould, D. (2011). 𝘍𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘴𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘹𝘦𝘳𝘤𝘪𝘴𝘦 𝘱𝘴𝘺𝘤𝘩𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘨𝘺 (6th
ed.).
B. Weinberg, RS and Gould, D 2011, 𝘍𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘴𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘹𝘦𝘳𝘤𝘪𝘴𝘦 𝘱𝘴𝘺𝘤𝘩𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘨𝘺, Human
Kinetics, Champaign, IL.
C. R. S. Weinberg & D. Gould, (2011). 𝘍𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘴𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘹𝘦𝘳𝘤𝘪𝘴𝘦 𝘱𝘴𝘺𝘤𝘩𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘨𝘺 (6th
ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
D. Weinberg, R. S., & Gould, D. (2011). 𝘍𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘴𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘹𝘦𝘳𝘤𝘪𝘴𝘦 𝘱𝘴𝘺𝘤𝘩𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘨𝘺 (6th
ed.). Human Kinetics.
5) What is the correct author and year format for a journal article in a reference list?
A. Brill, J. B. (2011).
B. Brill, JB, (2011).
C. Brill, J. B. 2011.
D. John Brill, 2011.
6) The reference list is arranged in the order in which resources are cited in your assignment.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE
7) What is the correct reference format for a web document?
A. What is holistic medicine? 2012. Retrieved from http://www.holisticmed.com/whatis.html
B. Gold, M. (2012). What is holistic medicine? http://www.holisticmed.com/whatis.html

8
C. Martin Gold. (2012). What is holistic medicine? http://www.holisticmed.com/whatis.html
D. Gold, M 2012, What is holistic medicine?, viewed 30 July 2014,
http://www.holisticmed.com/whatis.html.

8) Which definition structure in essay length text that uses different modes of paragraph
development to show meaning of a particular term or concept?
A. Sentence Definition C. Extended Definition
B. Informal Definition D. Formal Definition

9) This is a summary document that provides an overview of a project and helps funding
agencies eliminate proposals that are likely to be disapproved.
A. Concept Paper C. Reaction Paper
B. Position Paper D. Technical Paper

10) This is one way of explaining a concept that clarifies and explains concepts, ideas, and
issues by answering the question “What does it mean?”
A. Definition C. Extended
B. Clarification D. Explication

Source:
Victoria University. (2015). Library guides APA 7th referencing: Quiz.
https://libraryguides.vu.edu.au/apa-referencing/quiz

ANSWER KEY:
1) A -5 years
Explanation: Criteria #4 of Evaluating Sources: As much as possible, the date of
publication should be at most five years earlier.
2) B - Academic texts are self-published materials.
Explanation: Academic Texts are not “self-published materials”, before the publication of
an academic paper, it must undergo a process called peer evaluation. The evaluators are
experts in the field.
3) B- Currency
Explanation: this criterion asks the question “how current is the information?”, it pertains
to the time in which the material is published.
4) D- Weinberg, R. S., & Gould, D. (2011). 𝘍𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘴𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘹𝘦𝘳𝘤𝘪𝘴𝘦 𝘱𝘴𝘺𝘤𝘩𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘨𝘺
(6th ed.). Human Kinetics.
Explanation: Yellow means wrong

9
A. Weinberg, R. S., & Gould, D. (2011). 𝘍𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘴𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘹𝘦𝘳𝘤𝘪𝘴𝘦 𝘱𝘴𝘺𝘤𝘩𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘨𝘺
(6th ed.). = Incomplete information, no publisher’s name
B. Weinberg, RS and Gould, D 2011, 𝘍𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘴𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘹𝘦𝘳𝘤𝘪𝘴𝘦 𝘱𝘴𝘺𝘤𝘩𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘨𝘺,
Human Kinetics, Champaign, IL. = there should a period in between first name initials,
the comma after psychology should be period, and APA 7th edition does not require the
location of publication
C. R. S. Weinberg & D. Gould, (2011). 𝘍𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘴𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘹𝘦𝘳𝘤𝘪𝘴𝘦 𝘱𝘴𝘺𝘤𝘩𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘨𝘺
(6th ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. = interchanged last name and first name
initials
D. Weinberg, R. S., & Gould, D. (2011). 𝘍𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘴𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘹𝘦𝘳𝘤𝘪𝘴𝘦 𝘱𝘴𝘺𝘤𝘩𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘨𝘺
(6th ed.). Human Kinetics.
5) A - Brill, J. B. (2011).
Explanation: Basic guideline in APA reference citation: LAST NAME, FIRST NAME INTIALS
(YEAR).
6) B- False
Explanation: The references should be in alphabetical order
7) B- Gold, M. (2012). What is holistic medicine?
http://www.holisticmed.com/whatis.html
Explanation: In this case, it is easier to spot the error because only option B follows the
basic format of citing an author.
A. What is holistic medicine? 2012. Retrieved from
http://www.holisticmed.com/whatis.html = not arranged
B. Gold, M. (2012). What is holistic medicine?
http://www.holisticmed.com/whatis.html
C. Martin Gold. (2012). What is holistic medicine?
http://www.holisticmed.com/whatis.html = It should be last name first,
followed by first name initial
D. Gold, M 2012, What is holistic medicine?, viewed 30 July 2014,
http://www.holisticmed.com/whatis.html. = first name should be followed by a
period and open close parenthesis for the year. The phrased viewed
on/retrieved from is not encouraged in APA 7th edition
8) C- Extended Definition
Explanation: Extended definition uses the different modes of paragraph development
in giving meaning to a word.
9) A- Concept Paper
10) A – Definition

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 * For numbers 9-10, you will find the explanation of these words as you go along the
module.

I. CONTEXT

In the previous module, you learned all about the fundamentals of academic texts. You
learned the basic skills needed in academic writing. You will continue to learn an equally
important skill - referencing. This is very crucial in academe and in real-life, giving credit to where
it is due. How would you feel if someone claims your work as his/hers? In the same way, you
want to avoid claiming other’s work as yours because that is a serious offense, called plagiarism
and academic dishonesty.

Opening activity: Let’s take a trip down memory lane

Instruction: Let us go back to your Mini Task #1. How did you find the summarizing and
paraphrasing activity?

Processing Questions:
1. What aspect of summarizing and paraphrasing is easy for you?
2. What aspect of summarizing and paraphrasing is challenging?
3. What did you do to overcome that challenge?

Student’s responses:

In this lesson, you will learn valid and reliable sources are, guidelines of citing sources,
and writing a concept paper. Furthermore, you are expected to show the following as evidence

11
of learning: completion of all the assigned tasks/practice activities, understanding of the reading
materials, and accomplishment of mini task 2.

By the end of the lesson, you are expected to show the following scaffold to the
Performance Task: Concept Paper.

MINI-TASK 2: For Mini Task 2, you are expected to write a concept paper.
Instructions:
Identify a problem related to your strand and/or community
Write a concept paper about it using the ACADEMIC RESEARCH format
for concept paper
Follow the guidelines in writing a concept paper.
Guidelines are found at the end of the module.

Calibri, Justify, 12, no more than five pages (single space)

Due date: August 15, 2020 11:59pm via MS Teams

Complete this KWL table to let us know your ideas about REFERENCING.

WHAT YOU KNOW WHAT YOU WANT TO WHAT YOU WANT TO WHAT YOU LEARNED
KNOW KNOW
*don’t fill this out just
yet

You gave your initial ideas on referencing! Let us try to see how these ideas may be affirmed or
revised as we go along this module.

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 II. EXPERIENCE

In this part, you will learn more about the topic through varied activities.

LESSON 6: EVALUATING SOURCES

You have learned in the previous module that writing an academic text is way different
from writing short stories, social letters, poetry and the like. One characteristic of academic texts
mentioned was the citing of credible and relevant sources. It means that your paper is not
opinionated but is solely based on facts. For example, in writing your research paper, you literally
do RESEARCH. You search the net and even go to your school library to retrieve important
information published by legit writers and researchers. These pieces of information gathered had
to be in connection with the research topic you have been working on.
How then will you know if the sources are credible? In writing an academic text, we call
this process as evaluating sources. In a world where you get information in one click, we must
be extra-cautious on what to include and exclude.
Let us break down the two words: EVALUATING (v, gerund) means to assess, and
SOURCES (n, plural) are where something came from or obtained. Thus, evaluating sources
means not only searching but assessing, judging, critiquing the information gathered from books,
journals, research papers, articles, etc. both published online or printed.
The 5W’s of Evaluating Sources
1. Relevance of the Source to the Research Topic
a. Check the title, table of contents, summary/abstract, introduction, or headings of the
text to have a sense of its content
2. Authority
a. If the source doesn’t have an author, think twice before you use it
b. Check the university’s website to make sure that the professor is associated with the
university
c. Publications from professors are usually peer-reviewed and have undergone a strenuous
publication process and are therefore reliable
d. Legitimate academic texts must include citations as a requirement for publication
e. Citations demonstrate that the writer has thoroughly researched the topic and is not
plagiarizing the material

FAQ: WHO?
Who created the information? Is there contact information available?
What is the reputation of the creator? Is the creator a reputable and reliable scholar or writer?
Is the creator an expert of the topic? Are qualifications clearly stated?
Is organizational affiliation or contact information given?
For whom was the information created, based on content, tone and style?
13
Does the audience have a bias or a point-of-view that might affect the information?

FAQ: WHERE?
Where is the author employed? Are institutional affiliations listed?
Where does the money for the research come from?

3. Contents/Accuracy of Information
a. The tone or attitude of the author towards his/her subject and writing style must be
formal.
b. There should be no words or phrases that are unacceptable in English formal writing.
c. Do not use a source that is disputable, so verify your findings with multiple sources.
d. Make sure that the author has no personal agenda in writing the information.
FAQ: WHAT?
What conclusions are presented? What premises/claims are presented?
Does the evidence support the premises/claims and conclusions?
Is the information that is provided complete?
How is this resource similar or different from other resources on the same topic?
Are facts and claims documented through foot/endnotes, bibliography or other references?
Are there factual or typographical errors, or inexplicable omissions, in the information?
Are there any biases in the information?
What does it contribute to the literature in the field?
What do the authors NOT say? Is anything major omitted?

4. Currency/Date Publication
a. The data from older publications may no longer be valid
b. As much as possible, the date of publication should be at most five years earlier

FAQ: WHEN?
How current is the information?
Has significant research been done since the item was published?
Has it been updated? If so, when?

5. Location of Sources
a. avoid using blogs or personal homepage and wiki sites
b. if the URL includes the top-level domain .edu, then that means that it has been
published by an academic institution
14
 c. common URLs include .gov, .org, .com and .net

FAQ: WHY?
Why was the item written? Is it to inform, convince, sell, entertain, etc.?
What hidden agenda might the author(s) has/have?

A good approach to evaluating sources is to ask yourself a series of questions that address:
Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and Purpose (CRAAP). This process not only helps you
determine credibility but also relevance.
Currency: To determine if the date of publication of the information is suitable for your
speech.
What is the copyright, publication, or posting date?
Does the date matter? Is the information outdated?
Relevance: To determine how applicable the information is for the purpose of your speech.
For what audience or level is the information written (general public, experts/scholars, etc.)?
Explain why you would or would not quote/reference the information from this source in your
speech.
Authority: To determine if the source author, creator, or publisher of the information is the
most knowledgeable.
Who is the author, creator, or publisher of the source or what organization is responsible for
the source?
How do you know if the author is an expert on the topic (e.g examine the author’s credentials
and/or organizational affiliation)?
Accuracy: To determine the reliability, truthfulness and correctness of the content.
What indications do you see that the information is /is not well researched or does/does not
provide sufficient evidence?
What kind of language, imagery and/or tone is used (e.g. emotional, objective, professional,
etc.)?
Purpose: To determine the reason why the information exists.
Why was this source written (e.g.to inform, teach, entertain, persuade)?
How might the author's affiliation affect the point of view, slant, or potential bias of the
source?
Supplemental Video: https://youtu.be/EyMT08mD7Ds
ACTIVITY #1: CRAP OR CRAAP?
From your Research topic in Grade 11, select one reference (book, journals, web articles,
etc.) and evaluate the source using the CRAAP Test. Do not forget to write notes if you
recommend or reject the reference used.
Is your source CRAAP tested?
Critically analyzing sources is an important component of the research process. When
evaluating a source, there are many factors that contribute to its usefulness, reliability, and
15
appropriateness for your research. Use information from the source to help you determine
whether or not you should use it for your project.
What is the type of source? (Select one option by placing an X in the box.)
Book Magazine Article
Journal Article News/Newspaper Article
Government Document Web Page Site
Image Video (web or dvd) Blog
Audio / Podcast
Other, please specify: _______________________________________________
Use the questions to evaluate the source.
Currency: To determine if the date of publication of the information is suitable for your project.
What is the copyright, publication, or posting date? Why is or isn’t the date important for the
message or content of the source?
Relevance: To determine how applicable the information is for the purpose of your project. For
what audience or level is the information written (general public, experts/scholars, etc.)?
Explain why you would or would not quote/reference the information from this source in your
project.
Authority: To determine if the source author, creator, or publisher of the information is the
most knowledgeable.
Who is the author, creator, or publisher of the source or what organization is responsible for
the source? How do you know if the author is an expert on the topic (e.g. examine the author’s
credentials and/or organizational affiliation)?
Accuracy: To determine the reliability, truthfulness and correctness of the content.
What indications do you see that the information is/is not well researched or does/does not
provide sufficient evidence? What kind of language, imagery and/or tone is used (e.g.
emotional, objective, professional, etc.)?
Purpose: To determine the reason why the information exists.
Why was this source written (e.g.to inform, teach, entertain, persuade)? How might the
author's affiliation affect the point of view, slant, or potential bias of the source?
Does the source pass the CRAAP test?
YES must be selected for each component to pass the CRAAP test.
Currency (Publication date is acceptable for the information being conveyed.) Yes No
Relevance (The information within the source is relevant to my topic.) Yes No
Authority (The author has expert credentials or affiliations and/or Yes No
the source is known, published, and reputable. )
16
Accuracy (The information is well researched and supported by evidence. ) Yes No
Purpose (The source's slant or bias is not a hindrance to my project's focus.) Yes No
Notes

Sources:
Barrot, J.S., & Sipacio, P.F. (2016). Communicate today: English for academic & professional
purposes for senior high school. C&E Publishing, Inc.
Illinois State University. (2020, June 5). Determine credibility.
https://guides.library.illinoisstate.edu/evaluating
Western University. (2012, January 13). Evaluating Sources.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EyMT08mD7Ds&feature=youtu.be

Process Questions:
1. How do you make sure you have valid and credible sources?
2. Why does an incorrect source affect your credibility as a writer?
3. What value/s is/are being practiced when you evaluate your sources?

Student’s responses

Now that you know the important ideas about this topic, let’s go deeper by moving on to the
next section.

LESSON 2: CITING SOURCES

17
 How will you feel if someone is using your ideas without recognizing you as the creator?
You would probably get dismayed or find it unfair. In academic writing, you draw on many
sources for information, ideas, and evidence. Each time you refer to a source (such as a book,
journal article, or website), you need to include a citation that gives credit to the original author.

Why is citing sources important?

It is important to cite sources you used in academic writing for several reasons:

▪ To give credit to the original author of a work

▪ To promote scholarly writing
▪ To help your target audience identify your original source

Forms of Citation

1. In-text citation- is the reference made within the body of text of an academic essay.
2. Reference citation- refers to the complete bibliographic entries of all references used by
the writer.

Style Guides

Some of the widely used style guides are listed below. Each style has its own rules and formats
for citing sources.

1. The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA)

2. The Modern Language Association Style Guide (MLA)
3. Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)
4. American Medical Association Manual Style (AMA)
5. The Chicago Manual Style

Style Guide Discipline

APA Psychology, Education, Hotel and Restaurant
Management, Business, Economics, and other
Social Sciences
MLA Literature, Arts, and Humanities
IEEE Engineering
AMA Medicine, Health Sciences, and other Natural
Sciences
CHICAGO Reference books, Non-academic periodicals (e.g.,
newspapers, magazines, and journals)

APA, 7th Edition Basic Citation Rules

▪ Follow the author-(latest) year of publication method.

18
 ▪ Page or paragraph numbers are required when quoting and encouraged
when paraphrasing and summarizing.
▪ Omit page numbers when referring to a source.
▪ Place period after the citation when it is at the end of the sentence.

Guidelines in In-text Citation

▪ For two authors- Use the word "and" between the authors' names within the text and use
the ampersand in parentheses.

▪ For three to five authors- Use the first author's name followed by “et al.” within the text
and in parentheses.

▪ For six to more authors-Use the first author's name followed by “et al.” in the signal
phrase or in parentheses.

Type of Citation Narrative Format Parenthetical Format

One work by one author Walker (2007) (Walker, 2007)

Walker and Allen

One work by two authors (Walker & Allen, 2004)
(2004)

One work by three or more

Bradley et al. (1999) (Bradley et al., 1999)
authors

Wasserstein et al. (Wasserstein et al.,

One work by six or more authors
(2005) 2005)

Guidelines in Reference Citation

• Place the reference list on the new page separate from the text of your writing; label this
page “References” and align it at the center at the top of the page.
• Apply hanging indentation. Indent second and subsequent lines of each entry (5-7 spaces)
• All text should be double-spaced just like the rest of the paper.
• Follow this sequence in writing the names of the author: Last name, First name Initial,
Middle Initial.
• Arrange the references in alphabetical order based on the last names of the authors.
• Do not cut or add to titles
• Capitalize only the first letter of the first word of a title, the first letter of the first word of
its subtitle after a colon, and the proper nouns.
• Italicize the titles. When the article title is used, italicize only the journal title.
• For print sources, place a period at the end of the entry.
• The publisher location is no longer included in the reference.
• Surnames and initials for up to 20 authors should be provided in the reference list.
• DOI’s are formatted the same as URLs. The label “DOI:” is no longer necessary.
• URLs are no longer preceded by “Retrieved from,” unless a retrieval date is needed.
19
 • For eBooks, the format, platform, or device (e.g. Kindle) is no longer included in the
reference, and the publisher is included.
• Form missing information, follow the guide below:

Template
Missing Reference list
element Solution Entry In-text citation

Nothing—
all
elements Provide the author, date, title, Author. (Date). (Author, year)
are present and source of the work. Title. Source. Author (year)

Provide the title, date, and Title. (Date). (Title, year)

Author source. Source. Title (year)

Provide the author, write

“n.d.” for “no date,” and then Author. (n.d.). (Author, n.d.)
Date provide the title and source. Title. Source. Author (n.d.)

Provide the author and date,

describe the work in square Author. (Date).
brackets, and then provide the [Description of (Author, year)
Title source. work]. Source. Author (year)

Provide the title, write “n.d.”

Author and for “no date,” and then Title. (n.d.). (Title, n.d.)
date provide the source. Source. Title (n.d.)

([Description of work],
Describe the work in square [Description of year)
Author and brackets, and then provide the work]. (Date). [Description of work]
title date and source. Source. (year)

Provide the author, write

“n.d.” for “no date,” describe
the work in square brackets, Author. (n.d.).
Date and and then provide [Description of (Author, n.d.)
title the source. work]. Source. Author (n.d.)

Describe the work in square ([Description of work],

Author, brackets, write “n.d.” for “no [Description of n.d.)
date, date,” and then provide the work]. (n.d.). [Description of work]
and title source. Source. (n.d.)

Cite as a personal
communication or find No reference (C. C. Communicator,
Source another work to cite (see list entry personal
20
 the Publication Manual for communication,
more information). month day, year)
C. C. Communicator
(personal
communication,
month day, year)

• For a missing author, do not use “Anonymous” as the author unless the work is actually
signed “Anonymous.” If the work is signed “Anonymous,” use “Anonymous” in the
reference and in-text citation.

ACTIVITY #2: CITE IT!

1. How to Cite a Book in Print in APA?

Last, F. M. (Year Published). Book. Publisher.

Example:

Arnott, G. D. (2017). The disability support worker (2nd ed.). Cengage Learning.

Cite It!
Title: Senior High School: English for Academic and Professional Purposes
Authors: Christine Lao, Gabriela Lee, & Marella Therese Tiongson
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Year Published: 2020
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

2. How to Cite a Book Online in APA?

Last, F. M. (Year Published). Book. URL

Example:
McIlwraith, C. W., Nixon, A. J., & Wright, I. M. (2015). Diagnostic and surgical arthroscopy
in the horse (4th ed.). Mosby. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-7234-3693-5.01001-8

Cite It!
Title: Introduction to Research Methods in Psychology
Author: Dennis Howitt
Year Published: 2015

21
URL: https://www.dawsonera.com

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

3. How to Cite a Chapter in Print in APA?

Last, F. M. (Year Published). Title of chapter In F. M. Last Editor (Ed.), Title of

book/anthology (ed., pp). Publisher.

Example:

Pagliano, P. (2018). Inclusive practices. In A. Ashman (Ed.), Education for inclusion and
diversity (6th ed., pp. 235-267). Pearson.

Cite It!
Book title: Trends in Stem Cell Biology and Technology
Chapter title: Clinical Cell Therapy for Heart Disease
Authors: Christof Stamm, Boris Nasseri, and Roland Hetzer
Book Editor: Hossain Baharvand
Date Published: 2009
Publisher: Pearson
Pages: 191-228

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

4. How to Cite a Chapter Online in APA?

Last, F. M. (Year Published). Title of chapter In F. M. Last Editor (Ed.), Title of
book/anthology (ed., pp). Publisher. Doi or URL
Last, F. M. (Year Published). Section title. In F. M. Last (Ed.), Book/anthology [E-reader version,
if used] (pp. Pages). doi:# or Retrieved from URL
Example:

Le Couteur, D., Kendig, H., Naganathan, V., & McLachlan, A. (2010). The ethics of prescribing
medications to older people. In S. Koch, F. M. Gloth, & R. Nay (Eds.), Medication
management in older adults (pp.29-42). Springer. http://doi:.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-
457-93

Cite It!

22
Book Title: Beyond Common Sense: Psychological Science in the Courtroom
Section Title: Polygraph Testing
Author: William G. Iacono
Editors: Eugene Borgida and Susan T. Fiske
Year Published: 2008
Doi: http://doi:.org10.1002/9780470696422
Pages: 219-235

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

5. How to cite Print Journal in APA?

Last, F. M., & Last, F. M. (Year Published). Article title. Journal Title, Volume (Issue),
Pages.

Example:

Jungers, W.L. (2010). Biomechanics: Barefoot running strikes back. Nature, 463(2), 433-434.

Cite It!
Page numbers: 2115-2120
Authors: Nicole A. Freidenfelds, Jennifer L. Purrenhage, and Kimberly J. Babbitt.
Article title: The Effects of Clearcuts and Forest Buffer Size on Post-breeding Emigration of Adult
Wood Frogs.
Journal: For Ecol Manage
Date Published: 2011
Volume: 26
Issue: 11

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

6. How to Cite Online Journal in APA?

Last, F., & Last, F.(Year Published).Title of article: Subtitle. Title of Journal, Volume (Issue),
page range. doi: Digital Object Identifier

Example:

23
Alam, K., & Imran, S. (2015, June 1). The digital divide and social inclusion among refugee
migrants: A case in regional Australia. Information Technology & People, 28(2), 344-
365. https://doi.org/10.1108/ITP-04-2014-0083

Cite It!
Author: Beethoven Astrud Knettel
Article Title: Exploring diverse mental illness attributions in a multinational sample: A mixed-
methods survey of scholars in international psychology.
Journal: International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation
Issue number:2
Page numbers: 128-130
Year Published:2016
Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ipp0000048
Volume number: 5

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

7. How to cite Websites in APA?

Last, F. M. (Year, Month Date Published). Article title. URL

Example:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018, August 22). Preventing HPV-associated
cancers. https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/hpv/basic_info/prevention.htm/

Cite It!
Article Title: Fifty Years Ago: Nearly One Month to Boots in Lunar Dust
Author: John Uri
Year Published: 2019
URL:https://roundupreads.jsc.nasa.gov/pages.ashx/1184/Fifty%%20Month%20to%20Boots%20
in%20Lunar%20Dust

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

24
8. How to cite Thesis in APA?
Last, F. (year pub.) Title [Level of thesis]. Name of institution awarding the degree.

Example:

Hawkins, E. J. (2016). Artist and model: Shaping the creative process [Unpublished master's
thesis]. James Cook University.

Cite It!
Author: Montajir Rahman
Level of Thesis: Unpublished Master’s Thesis
Title: Using Authentic Materials in the Writing Classes: Tertiary Level Scenario
University: BRAC University
City: Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Year Published: 2015

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

9. How to cite Thesis Online in APA?

Last, F. (year pub.) Title: Subtitle [Type of thesis, Name of institution awarding the degree].
Name of archive or site. URL

Example:

Lienart, G. H. (2016). Effects of temperature and food availability on the antipredator behaviour
of juvenile coral reef fishes [Doctoral thesis, James Cook University].
ResearchOnline@JCU. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/47533/

Cite it!

Author: Edward Mosek

Title: Team Flow
Subtitle: The Missing Piece in Performance
Type of Thesis: Doctoral dissertation
Institution: Victoria University
URL: http://vuir.vu.edu.au/35038/
Archive: Victoria University Research Repository

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
25
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

10. How to cite Conference Proceedings in APA?

Last, F. (Year Pub.). Conference paper title. In Editor FI. Editor Last name (Ed.), Proceedings
Book Title (pp). Publisher. URL

Example:
Blakey, N., Guinea, S., & Saghafi, F. (2017). Transforming undergraduate nursing curriculum by
aligning models of clinical reasoning through simulation. In R. Walker & S. Bedford
(Eds.), Research and Development in Higher Education: Vol. 40. Curriculum
Transformation (pp. 25-37). Higher Education Research and Development Society of
Australia. http://www.herdsa.org.au/research-and-development-higher-education-vol-
40-25
Cite it!
Authors: Simon Chaudhuri and Aaron Bismas
Conference Title: External terms-of-trade and labor market imperfections in developing
countries: Theory and evidence
Proceedings Title: Proceedings of the Academy of Economics and Economic Education
Pages: 11-16
Publisher: Springer
Year Published: 2017
URL: https://search-proquest-com.elibrary.jcu.edu.au/docview/1928612180?accountid=16285

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Let us practice some more.

ACTIVITY #3: SPOT AND CITE!

Description: In this activity, your knowledge in citing sources will be put into practice.

Instructions: Rewrite the entry to make it correct.

1. Book in Print

Sapolsky, R. M. (2017). Behave: The biology of humans at our best and worst. Penguin Books

26
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. Conference Proceedings

Bedenel, A.-L., Jourdan, L., & Biernacki, C. (2019). Probability estimation by an adapted genetic
algorithm in web insurance, In R. Battiti, M. Brunato, I. Kotsireas, & P. Pardalos (Eds.), Lecture
notes in computer science: Vol. 11353. Learning and intelligent optimization (pp. 225–240).
Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05348-2_21

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

3. Thesis

Kabir, J. M. (2016). Factors influencing customer satisfaction at a fast food hamburger chain:
The relationship between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty Publication No.
10169573 [Doctoral dissertation, Wilmington University]. ProQuest Dissertations &
Theses Global.

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

4. Website

Woodyatt, A. (2019, September 10). Daytime naps once or twice a week may be linked to a
healthy heart, researchers say, CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/10/health/nap-heart-
health-wellness-intl-scli/index.html

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

5. Online Journal Article

27
Grady, J. S., Her, M., Moreno, G., Perez, C., & Yelinek, J. (2019). Emotions in storybooks: A
comparison of storybooks that represent ethnic and racial groups in the United States,
Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 8(3), 207–217. https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000185

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Process Questions:

1. Why are citations important?

2. How far can we go for being honest?
3. How do we acknowledge people’s contribution to society?

Student’s responses:

Sources:
Barrot, J.S., & Sipacio, P.F. (2016). Communicate today: English for academic & professional
purposes for senior high school. C&E Publishing, Inc.

Columbia College. (2020, June 15). APA citation guide 7th edition: Websites.
https://columbiacollege-ca.libguides.com/apa/websites
CSUDH University. (2019). Citation: About 7th ed. https://libguides.csudh.edu/citation/apa-7
https://libguides.jcu.edu.au/apa/articles/conference-papers

James Cook University. (2020, July 1). APA 7th edition referencing guide.

28
Purdue University. (n.d). Changes in the 7th edition.
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_styl
e_guide/apa_changes_7th_edition.html

Purdue University. (n.d). Reference list: Other print sources.

https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_styl
e_guide/reference_list_other_print_sources.html

Scribbr. (2020, May 8). APA manual 7th edition: The most notable changes.
https://www.scribbr.com/apa-style/apa-seventh-edition-changes/

Victoria University. (2020, May 29). Getting started in APA 7th.

https://libraryguides.vu.edu.au/apa-referencing/7GettingStarted

Now, let us proceed to the last part of this module.

LESSON 3: CONCEPT PAPER

Writing a Concept Paper

Have you ever observed a national election or a student council election? What have you
observed? In an academic and professional setting, writing a concept paper is likened to be a
national election. Why? because all the candidates are talking about their platforms for voters to
decide whether they are worth the vote. An institution or agency can decide whether a certain
project or research is worth the investment through writing a concept paper.

What is a Concept Paper?

A concept paper is a summary of what the project is all about, the reasons for conducting
the project, and how it will be carried out. The purpose of a concept paper is to help applicants
develop more competitive proposals and to save time by eliminating proposals that are not likely
to be funded.

Uses of a Concept Paper

1. It serves as a foundation of the full proposal.
2. It helps determine whether a certain project is feasible or not.
3. It is used to get the interest of the potential funding agencies.
4. It is used to obtain informal feedback on the ideas prior to preparing the full proposal.

Ways in Explaining a Concept

1. Definition- is the method of identifying a given term and making its meaning clearer. A
definition can be presented in three ways: informal, formal, or extended.

▪ Informal definition- the writer uses known words or examples to explain an unknown
term.

29
 Example: Freedom, also referred to as liberty or independence, is a state people reach when they
are free to think and do whatever they please.

▪ Formal definition- consists of three parts: the term, the part of speech to which it belongs,
such as a noun or a verb, and all the traits or characteristics that are specific to that term.

Example: Freedom (noun)- The power or right to act, speak, or think as one wants without
hindrance or restraint.

▪ Extended definition- generally have components of both informal and formal definitions.
However, as the name suggests, the author uses several other techniques to define a
word, concept, or phrase, including the following:

Listing and describing the parts: identifying smaller, more familiar pieces of an idea to point to the
definition of the bigger concept.

Etymology: sharing a word's origin.

Examples or anecdotes: telling a story or example that illustrates the term.

Negation: defining a term by explaining what the concept is not.

Evoking the senses: using a word that creates a picture in the reader's mind so that the reader might
relate through memory of sound, sight, touch, hearing, or smell.

Environment or sector: pointing out how and where something is used.

Ramifications: showing how the term or concept affects people or objects.

Historical references: showing how a word has been defined throughout history.

Example:

To our colonial forefathers, freedom meant having a voice in their government. (historical
reference) The Revolutionary War was a last resort against an empire that continued to tax its
colonists without the representation of the colonists in Parliament. Since the United States won the
right to rule itself, our country has been referred to as "the land of the free and the home of the
brave." (example) True freedom means the ability to think, feel, say, or act however one
chooses. (listing parts) It is a state where the bars of bondage do not exist. (negation) Unfortunately,
the widening gap between the haves and have nots means that some are now shackled by their lack
of education. (evoke the senses: shackled) Americans can attain real freedom when everyone has
the same educational opportunities.

Signal Words for Definition

as defined for instance Means to define

for example is defined as such as to illustrate
30
 2. Explication- is a method of explanation in which sentences, verses, quotes, or passages
are taken from a literary or academic work and then interpreted and explained in a
detailed way.

Here is the last stanza of Robert Frost's "The Road Not Taken".

I shall be telling this with a sigh

Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I-
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference.

The speaker in the poem uses the word "sigh" to signify possible future regret for the
decision that he made when faced with two paths. While the poem focuses on two physical
paths-roads diverging in a "yellow wood," the speaker is alluding to metaphorical paths-two
possible choices that will alter the course of his life.

The speaker states that he "took the one less traveled by," which means that he chose
the less popular path. The hesitation in the speaker ("and I-I took the one less traveled by")
also denotes the possibility that he will regret his choice. The final line of the poem, "And that
has made all the difference" is vague. The word "difference" can carry a positive or negative
connotation. The poet deliberately leaves the reader with an ambiguity-was the difference
positive or negative. Regardless, what the poet, through the speaker's description of the two
roads, is attempting to convey is that the decision was monumental.

3. Clarification- is a method of explanation in which points are organized from a general

abstract idea to specific and concrete examples.

Signal Words for Clarification

after all for instance namely that is

as an example in other words put another way to be specific
considering the in particular specifically to clarify
following
for example in short stated differently to illustrate

Example:

Justice is a broad concept which encompasses a wide set of ideas, most of which also
branch out into smaller notions. For instance, it can refer to the sentencing of a criminal based
on due process. When an individual gets what he deserves, even outside the hands of the law, it
is also considered justice in some contexts. This may come in the form of vigilante justice, in
which a person dissatisfied with the system doles out punishment to wrong doers. Poetic justice
is also another related concept which is used in literature to show how the good is always
rewarded while bad forces always meet a grim end. In the context of this paper, justice will be
31
clearly delineated into any instance in which the law is successfully and fairly applied to an
individual, resulting in either an arrest or a release. To illustrate, if a thief is caught and tried in
court through due process and is found to be guilty and then sentenced accordingly, it can be
said that justice was served. However, if the same thief is caught in the act by a band of villagers
and was beaten right then and there, it will be considered justice in the context of the paper, as
the process has not undergone due process.

Parts of a Concept Paper

A concept paper usually ranges from 500 to 2000 words and divided into several parts. The parts
of a concept paper may also vary depending on the nature of the project/activity.

Concept Paper for a Project

1. Cover Page
-State the name of the proponents and their affiliations.
-State the addresses, contact numbers, and email addresses of the proponents.
-State the head of the agency and his/her contact information.
-State the date of submission.

2. Introduction

-State the information about the funding agency to show that you understand its mission.
-State the mission of the agency that the proponents represent and align it to the funding
agency’s mission. Also, state the year the proponents’ agency was established, its major
accomplishments, and other details that demonstrate its capability to undertake the proposed
project.
-Present and describe other partner agencies and why they are qualified as such.
-Provide reasons why the funding agency should support the project.

3. Rationale or Background

-State the gap in knowledge to be addressed by the project.

-State the problems to be solved.
-State the project’s significance.

4. Project Description

-State the goals and objectives of the project.

-Present the methodology (sometimes termed as Action Plan, Project Activities, or Approach).
-Present the timeline expressed in months and year.
-State the benefits or anticipated outcomes.
-State how success of outcomes will be evaluated.

5. Project Needs and Cost

32
-Outline the main budget; include the item description and amount.
-Explain or justify how the budget will be used.
-List the personnel or equipment needed for the project.

Concept Paper for Academic Research

1. Title Page

-State your research title.

-State your name and school.
-State the date of submission.

2. Background of the Study

-Provide the current state of the field you are researching on.
-State the gap in knowledge and problems to be addressed by the research.
-State the reasons why you want to investigate on the chosen topic.
-State the theoretical and practical implications of your proposed research.

3. Preliminary Literature Review

- Provide a theoretical framework.

-Provide related literature that supports your topic.
-Provide related studies that will help you in conducting the research or analyzing and discussing
the data.
-Provide a brief synthesis of the reviewed literature and studies.

4. Statement of the Problem/Objectives

-State your general problem in one sentence.

-State your specific research questions or objectives.

5. Abridged Methodology

-Provide the context and participants of the study.

-Provide the instruments to be used.
-Provide the data collection procedure.
-Provide the data analysis scheme to be used.

6. Timeline

-Provide a timeline set in months and year.

7. References

-Provide a list of all books, journals and other resources cited in your paper.

33
Guidelines in Writing a Concept Paper

1. Cost and methodology should be reasonable.

2. The budget, methodology, and timeline should be clearly aligned.
3. Use statistics and figures when discussing the rationale for the project.
4. Use no more than five pages (single-spaced) excluding the cover page.
5. Never request funding for planning the proposal.
6. Adjust your language to the intended readers.
7. Include the overview of the budget if it is required.
8. Be sure that basic format details, such as page numbers are incorporated.
9. Cite your references.

Let us try this.

ACTIVITY #4: CONCEPT-UALIZE!
This will guide you in your Minitask #2,
1) Identify a societal problem you have either experienced or observed in your community
during the lockdown.
2) How would you solve the problem?
3) Complete the diagram below.

PROBLEM SOLUTION

_________________________ ________________________
_________________________ ________________________
_________________________ ________________________
_________________________ ________________________

Process Questions:

1. Why there is a need to understand the principles and uses of a concept paper?
2. What Ignatian value can we embody in writing a concept paper?

34
 Student’s responses:

Sources:
Barrot, J.S., & Sipacio, P.F. (2016). Communicate today: English for academic & professional
purposes for senior high school. C&E Publishing, Inc.

The NROC project (2020). Identifying types of definition.

http://content.nroc.org/DevelopmentalEnglish/unit05/Foundations/identifying-types-
of-definitions.html

After doing all the assigned readings and tasks, it is time to complete this table.

WHAT YOU KNOW WHAT YOU WANT TO WHAT YOU WANT TO WHAT YOU LEARNED
KNOW KNOW

Now that you have a deeper understanding of the topic, you are ready to do the tasks in the
next section.

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 III. REFLECTION

What is the significance of learning to write a concept paper in the academic and professional
world?

36
37
 IV. ACTION

MINI-TASK 2: For Mini Task 2, you are expected to write a concept paper.
Instructions:
Identify a problem related to your strand and/or community
Write a concept paper about it using the ACADEMIC RESEARCH
format for concept paper
Follow the guidelines in writing a concept paper.
Guidelines are found at the end of the module.

Calibri, Justify, 12, no more than five pages (single space)

Due date: August 15, 2020 11:59pm via MS Teams

Processing Questions:
How did you find the mini- task?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
How did the lessons help you see the real-world use of the topic?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

Your work will be evaluated based on the attached rubric.

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 CONCEPT PAPER RUBRIC
CRITERIA 5 3 1

CONTENT (30%)
Paper clearly provides an overview of the research.
Paper states the significance of the research.
Research goals and objectives are clear.
Methodology is logically and accurately presented.
Timeline is accurate and aligned to methodology.
Budget details are complete and aligned to methodology and timeline.
Claims are supported by facts and statistics.
Length is appropriate.

TOTAL

ORGANIZATION (30%)
Paper uses an organizational pattern and structure appropriate for the genre.

Cohesive devices are effectively used to maintain cohesion and coherence.

Ideas are logically arranged.

The flow of ideas is smooth and easy to read.

TOTAL

STYLE (10%)
Paper uses language appropriate to context.
Paper is free from verbose expressions and colloquial or slang words.

TOTAL

GRAMMAR AND MECHANICS (15%)

Spelling, capitalization, and punctuations are correctly used.
Word choice is appropriate.

TOTAL

DOCUMENTATION AND SOURCES (15%)

Paper uses correct citation and reference format.
Sources used are reliable.
Sources used are relevant to the topic.

TOTAL

OVERALL TOTAL:

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Closure Activity: Let’s Move Forward!

Instruction: Complete this Plus/Minus/Intriguing table based on your takeaways from this
module. List things you agree with (plus), things you disagree with or question (minus), and
something you have found intriguing.

PLUS MINUS INTRIGUING

You are about to complete this lesson. Now answer the post-assessment to check how
well you learned.

SELF-ASSESSMENT
Before moving on to the next module, kindly complete the table below:
Lesson Activity No./ Task Actual Date Where Reason/s:
of you able
Completion to
complete
the task
on time?

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Evaluating CRAP Or CRAAP?
Sources
Citing Sources Cite It!
Spot and Cite!
Concept Paper Concept-Ualize!

V. EVALUATION

POST TEST It’s now time to evaluate your learning. Encircle the letter of the answer that you
think best answers the question. Your score will be disclosed by your teacher during Consultation
Periods.

1. Which of the following is NOT a criterion in evaluating sources?

A. Relevance C. Currency
B. Authority D. Formality

2. Based solely on domain name, which of the following websites is most likely to contain
authoritative government information?
A. http://reputableinformation.org
B. http://reputableinformation.gov
C. http://reputableinformation.edu
D. http://reputableinformation.com

3. These are the questions we would ask ourselves about the location of sources EXCEPT:

A. Is the information accurate?

B. Where is the source published?
C. What is the URL of the website?
D. Is it a book, an academic journal, or reputable source?

4. In what part of a concept paper that gives an overview of how the project will be carried
out together with any innovative approaches, techniques, and processes employed?

A. Purpose C. Methodology
B. Project Description D. Introduction

5. Which of the following is the structure followed when writing concept paper for
academic research?

41
 A. Title Page, Background of the Study, Preliminary Literature Review, Statement of the
Problem, Methodology, Timeline, and References
B. Title Page, Preliminary Literature Review, Background of the Study, Methodology,
Statement of the Problem, Timeline, and References
C. Title Page, Preliminary Literature Review, Background of the Study, Statement of the
Problem, Methodology, Timeline, and References
D. Title Page, Preliminary Literature Review, Statement of the Problem, Background of
the Study, Methodology, Timeline, and References

6. Which is the correct format for referencing an article called “The biological, social and
clinical bases of drug addiction: commentary and debate,” by J. Altman, B. J. Everitt, T.
W. Robbins, S. Glautier, A. Markou, D. Nutt., R. Oretti, C. Philbin, and G. D. Phillips. It
was published in 1996 in Psychopharmacology, an online journal; Volume 125, Issue
Number 4, pages 285 – 345.

A. Altman, J., Everitt, B. J., Robbins, T.W., Glautier, S., Markou, A., Nutt, D., Oretti, R., &
Phillips, G. D. (1996). The biological, social and clinical bases of drug addiction:
Commentary and debate. Psychopharmacology, 125 (4), 285 – 345.
B. Altman, J., Everitt, B. J., Robbins, T. W., et al. (1996). The biological, social and clinical
bases of drug addiction: commentary and debate. Psychopharmacology, an online
journal.125.4: 285 – 345.
C. Altman, J., Everitt, B. J., Robbins, T. W., Glautier, S., Markou, A., Nutt, D., Oretti, C. R.,
Philbin, C., & Phillips, G. D. The biological, social and clinical bases of drug addiction:
commentary and debate. Psychopharmacology. ISSN 0033-3158. Vol. 125, 4 (1996):
pp. 285 – 345.
D. Altman, J., et al. “The biological, social and clinical bases of drug addiction:
commentary and debate.” Psychopharmacology 125.4 (1996): 285 – 345.

7. The book is called The Empire Writes Back: Theory and Practice in Post-Colonial
Literatures by Bill Ashcroft, Gareth Griffiths and Helen Tiffin. It was published in 1989 by
Routledge in London, England. How should it appear as a reference at the end of your
paper?

A. Ashcroft, Bill, et al. (1989). The empire writes back: theory and practice in post-colonial
literatures. London, England: Routledge.
B. Ashcroft, B., G. Griffiths, and H. Tiffin. The Empire Writes Back: Theory and Practice in
Post-Colonial Literatures. London, England: Routledge, 1989.
C. Ashcroft, B., Griffiths, G., & Tiffin, H. (1989). The empire writes back: Theory and
practice in post-colonial literatures. Routledge.
D. Ashcroft, B., Griffiths, G., and Tiffin, H. (1989). The Empire Writes Back: Theory and
Practice in Post Colonial Literatures. Routledge.

42
 8. The website is called William Faulkner on the Web, and the page you cited is called
Faulkner Filmography. The site’s author, John B. Padgett, last modified the page on
Monday, October 09, 2000 at 11:56 AM. The URL is
http://www.mcsr.olemiss.edu/~egjbp/faulkner/films.html. Which is the correct entry as
it should appear on the references list?

A. Padgett, J. B. William Faulkner on the web. Faulkner filmography. (2000, October 9).
Retrieved from the World Wide Web on March 5, 2006, from .
B. Padgett, J. B. Faulkner filmography. Last modified Oct. 9, 2000. 5 Mar. 2006. .
C. Padgett, J. B. “Faulkner filmography.” 9 Oct. 2000. William Faulkner on the web. 5 Mar.
2006..
D. Padgett, J. B. (2000, October 9). Faulkner filmography. William Faulkner On the Web.
http://www.mcsr.olemiss. edu/~egjbp/faulkner/films.htmlpdiv>

For numbers 9-10, Identify the error in the following citation:

9. Tannen, D. (1998). The argument cultures. Random House. http://book.com.edu

A. Author
B. Year
C. Title
D. Publisher

10. n.a. (n.d). Changes in the APA 7th edition. Purdue University.
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_styl
e_guide/apa_changes_7th_edition.html

A. Author
B. Date
C. Title of the website
D. Website name
Source:
n.a (n.d). APA quiz. http://fgs.athabascau.ca/docs/presentations/APA_Quiz_19Oct11.pdf
Note: items from the source are modified.

, you have completed Module

3. You can now proceed to the next module.

43
 MINI TASK #2
Important: Submit your concept paper on August
15, 2020 11:59pm via MS Teams
Follow the following format for your CONCEPT PAPER (ACADEMIC
RESEARCH).
Title Page
-Research title
-Researcher’s name and school
-Date of submission

Background of the Study

-Current state of the field
-Research gap and problems to be addressed
-Reasons why you want to investigate on the chosen topic
-Theoretical and practical implications of your proposed research

Preliminary Literature Review

-Theoretical Framework
-Related literature
-Related studies
-Brief synthesis of the reviewed literature and studies

Statement of the Problem

-General Problem (1 sentence)
-Specific research questions or objectives

Abridged Methodology
-Context and participants of the study
-Instruments to be used
-Data collection procedure
-Data analysis scheme

Timeline
-Timeline set in months

References
-Sources used in the study

44