Mark scheme

January 2004

GCE

Physics A

Unit PHA7/W

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Physics- Advanced Mark Scheme

Instructions to Examiners
1 Give due credit to alternative treatments which are correct. Give marks for what is
correct; do not deduct marks because the attempt falls short of some ideal answer.
Where marks are to be deducted for particular errors specific instructions are given
in the marking scheme.

2 Do not deduct marks for poor written communication. Refer the script to the Awards
meeting if poor presentation forbids a proper assessment. In each paper candidates
may be awarded up to two marks for the Quality of Written Communication in cases
of required explanation or description. Use the following criteria to award marks:

2 marks: Candidates write legibly with accurate spelling, grammar and punctuation; the
answer containing information that bears some relevance to the question and
being organised clearly and coherently. The vocabulary should be appropriate
to the topic being examined.

1 mark: Candidates write with reasonably accurate spelling, grammar and punctuation;
the answer containing some information that bears some relevance to the
question and being reasonably well organised. Some of the vocabulary should
be appropriate to the topic being examined.

0 marks: Candidates who fail to reach the threshold for the award of one mark.

3 An arithmetical error in an answer should be marked AE thus causing the candidate

to lose one mark. The candidate’s incorrect value should be carried through all
subsequent calculations for the question and, if there are no subsequent errors, the
candidate can score all remaining marks (indicated by ticks). These subsequent ticks
should be marked CE (consequential error).

4 With regard to incorrect use of significant figures, normally two, three or four significant
figures will be acceptable. Exceptions to this rule occur if the data in the question is
given to, for example, five significant figures as in values of wavelength or frequency in
questions dealing with the Doppler effect, or in atomic data. In these cases up to two
further significant figures will be acceptable. The maximum penalty for an error in
significant figures is one mark per paper. When the penalty is imposed, indicate the
error in the script by SF and, in addition, write SF opposite the mark for that question
on the front cover of the paper to obviate imposing the penalty more than once per paper.

5 No penalties should be imposed for incorrect or omitted units at intermediate stages in

a calculation or which are contained in brackets in the marking scheme. Penalties for
unit errors (incorrect or omitted units) are imposed only at the stage when the final
answer to a calculation is considered. The maximum penalty is one mark per
question.

6 All other procedures, including the entering of marks, transferring marks to the front
cover and referrals of scripts (other than those mentioned above) will be clarified at
the standardising meeting of examiners.

4
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Mark Scheme Advanced - Physics

Units 5 - 9 : Section A
(this question is common to all Option Modules PHA5/W - PHA9/W)

1
(a) (on grid: first arrow to start from 210
82 Pb ; arrows must be consecutive;
206
last arrow must end on 82 Pb )
arrow showing the change for an a emission ü
arrow showing the change for a b emission ü
correct a and two b emissions in any order ü (3)

64
(b) (positron emission) 29 Cu ® 64 +
28 Ni + b + ne (+Q) üü

64 64
(electron capture) 29 Cu + -10 e ® 28 Ni + n ( e) (+Q) üü (4)

(c) (the following examples may be included)

a particles ü
coulomb/electrostatic/electromagnetic repulsion
[or K.E. converted to P.E. (as a particle approaches nucleus)] ü
information:
any of the following: proton number, nuclear charge,
upper limit to nuclear radius
mass of nucleus is most of the mass of atom ü

[alternative
(high energy) electron (scattering) ü
diffraction of de Broglie Waves by nucleus ü
information:
any of the following: nuclear radius, nuclear density ü] (3)
(10)

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Mark Scheme Advanced - Physics

Unit 7: Section B
2
æ w - w 1 ö 1100 - 0
(a)(i) a ç = 2 ÷= = 260 rad s-2 ü (262 rad s-2)
è t ø 4.2

(ii) T (= Ia) = 7.6 ´ 10-4 ´ 262 = 0.20 N m ü (2)

(b) Iliquid = 8 ´ (3.0 ´ 10-3 ´ (84 ´ 10-3)2 = 1.7 ´ 10-4 (kg m2)
Itotal = 7.6 ´ 10-4 + 1.7 ´ 10-4 =9.3 ´ 10-4 (kg m2) ü
æ Tö 0.20
a ç= ÷ = = 215 (rad s2) ü
è I ø 9.3 ´ 10 -4

æ w - w 1 ö 1100
t ç= 2 ÷= ü (= 5.1 s)
è a ø 215
(allow C.E for value of Iliquid) (3)

æ (w + w 2 ) ö 1100
(c) q1 ç = 1 t÷ = ´ 5.0 = 2750 (rad)
è 2 ø 2
1100
q3 = ´ 6.0 = 3300 (rad) ü (for both q1 and q3)
2
q2 (= w2t) = 1100 ´ (60 - 11) = 53900 (rad) ü
total angle turned = q1 + q2 + q3 = 60 ´ 103 rad ü (3)
(8)

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Physics- Advanced Mark Scheme

3
480 ´ 2p
(a)(i) w= = 50 rad s-1 ü (50.3 rad s-1)
60

(ii) (use of Ek = ½Iw2 gives) Ek = 0.5 ´ 38 ´ (50.3)2 ü (48 kJ) (2)

(b)(i) new kinetic energy = (48 - 12) = 36 (kJ)

2 ´ 36 ´ 10 3
w= = 44 rad s-1 ü
38

(ii) angular impulse = change of angular momentum (= I Dw)

= 38 ´ (50 -44) = 230 kg m2 rad s-1 (or N m s) ü

æ angular impulse ö 230

(iii) torque ç ÷= = 1.5 ´ 103 N m ü
è time ø 015
.
(allow C.E for value of angular impulse) (3)
(5)

4
(i) V = 80 ´ 10-3 ´ 1.77 ´ 10-4 ü (= 1.416 ´ 10-5)

æ pV ö 103. ´ 105 ´ 1416

. ´ 10 -5
nç = ÷ = = 6.0(3) ´ 10-4 (moles) ü
è RT ø 8.31 ´ 291
(allow C.E. for value of V)

g
æV ö
(ii) p2 = p1 ç 1 ÷ ü
è V2 ø
1.4
æ 80 ö
. ´ 10 5 ´ ç ÷
= 103 = 1.80 ´ 107 Pa ü
è 2.0 ø

p2V2 pV T
(iii) T2 = or T2 = 2 2 1 ü
nR p1V1
. ´ 10 7 ´ 2.0 ´ 10 -3 ´ 177
180 . ´ 10 -4
T2 = = 1.3 ´ 103 K ü (1.27´ 103 K)
6.03 ´ 10 -4 ´ 8.31
allow C.E. for value of p2 or n) (6)
(6)

5
(a) Pin (= fuel flow rate ´ calorific value)
= 4.45 ´ 10-4 ´42.9 ´ 106 = 19 kW ü (19.1 kW) (1)

24
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Mark Scheme Advanced - Physics

(b)(i) work done = area enclosed by loop ü

suitable method of finding area (e.g. counting squares) ü
correct scaling factor used ü (to give answer of » 350 J)

(ii) 2400 rev min-1 = 40 rev s-1 and each two revolutions produce 350 J ü
350
Pind = ´ 40 = 7.0 kW ü (5)
2

(c)(i) power used overcoming friction inside the cylinder

power used in driving valve gear, oil pump, cooling etc
power used in induction and exhaust strokes
any two üü

6.3(kW)
(ii) efficiency = = 33% ü
19.1(kW)
(allow C.E. for value of Pin in (a)) (3)
(9)

Quality of Written Communication (Q1(c) and Q5(c)) üü (2)

(2)

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