REVIEW ON can be taken out unitl the gage

THERMODYNAMICS reads 138 kPa.

a. 31.20 liters b. 65.32 liters
c. 16.87 liters d. 29.50 liters
PLATE NO. 2
6. A gas initially 103.4 kPa and 0.0566
Instruction: Choose the best answer. m3 undergoes a process to 620.36
kPa and 0.017 m3 during which the
1. The compression ratio of an ideal
enthalpy increases by 16.35 kJ, c v =
Otto cycle is 6:1. Initial conditions
10.217 kJ/kg.K. Determine the cp of
are 101.3 kPa and 20oC. Find the
gas.
pressure and temperature at the
a. 14.33 kJ/kg-K
end of adiabatic compression.
b. 2.34 Btu/lb-R
a. 1244.5 kPa, 599.96 K
c. 13.23 kJ/kg-K
b. 1244.5 kPag, 60oC
d. 10.76 Btu/lb-K
c. 1244.5 kPa, 60oC
d. 1244.5 kPa, 599.96oC 7. While the pressure remains constant
at 689.5 kPa the volume of a
2. Determine the average cp value in
system of air changes from 0.567
kJ/kg-K of a gas of 522 kJ/kg of
m3 to 0.283 m3. Find the change of
heat is necessary to raise the
internal energy.
temperature from 300 K to 800 K
a. 389.68 kJ b. 493.63 kJ
making the pressure constant:
c. 678.68 kJ d. 245.68 kJ
a. 1.440 b. 1.044
c. 1.038 d. 1.026 8. What horsepower is required to
isothermally compress 800 ft3 of air
3. If 10 lbs of water are evaporated at
per minute from 14.7 psia to 120
atmospheric pressure until a volume
psia?
of 288.5 ft3 is computed, how much
a. 13900 Hp b. 28 Hp
work is done?
c. 256 Hp d. 108 Hp
a. 1,680 Btu
b. No work 9. A Carnot engine requires 35 kJ/sec
c. 610,000 ft-lb from the hot source. The engine
d. 550,000 ft-lb produces 15 kW of power and the
temperature of the sink 26oC. What
4. In a diesel cycle, the air compressed
is the temperature of the hot
to one-tenth of its original volume. If
source?
the initial temperature of the air is
a. 245.57 b. 210.10
27oC, what is the final temperature?
c. 250.18 d. 260.68
a. 420oC b. 440oC
c. 460oC d. 480oC 10. The maximum thermal efficiency
possible for a power cycle operating
5. A 4 m3/hr pump delivers water to a
between 1200oF and 225oF is:
pressure tank. At the start, the gage
a. 58% b. 58.73%
reads 138 kPa until in reads 276
c. 57.54% d. 57.40%
kPa and then the pump was shut
off. The volume of the tank is 150 11. An Otto cycle has clearance
liters. At 276 kPa the water volume of 7%. It produces 300 kW
occupied 2/3 of the tank volume. power. What is the amount of heat
Determine the volume of water that rejected in kW?
 a. 170 b. 160 c. 73.5% d. 60.02%
c. 152 d. 145
18. Find the enthalpy of 100 psi and
12. An air standard engine has a 97% quality, hf = 298.55 Btu/lb; hfg =
compression ratio of 20 and cut-off 889.119 Btu/lb.
ratio of 5. If the intake air pressure a. 1,170 Btu/lb b. 1,161 Btu/lb
and temperature are 100 kPa and c. 1,734 Btu/lb d. 1,803 Btu/lb
27oC, find the work in kJ per kg.
19. Five kilograms of saturated liquid at
a. 2,976 b. 2,166
kPa is heated until its moisture
c. 2,437 d. 2,751
content is 5%. Find the work done
13. In an air standard Otto cycle, the for this process.
clearance volume is 18% of the a. 813.59 kJ/kg
displacement volume. Find the b. 643.23 kJ/kg
compression ratio and or thermal c. 542.34 kJ/kg
efficiency. d. 753.12 kJ/kg
a. 0.52 b. 0.53
20. Steam at 2 MPa and 250oC in a
c. 0.55 d. 0.60
rigid cylinder is cooled until the
14. For an ideal cycle with overall quality is 50%. Find the heat
value of k = 1.33, compression ratio rejected from the cylinder.
is 15 and cut-off ratio of 2.1, At 2 MPa and 250oC
determine the cycle efficiency. v = 0.11144 m3/kg
a. 50.62% b. 52.90% u = 2,679.6 kJ/kg
c. 46% d. 49% At 2 MPa, (saturated)
vf = 0.0011767 m3/kg
15. An ideal Otto cycle, operating in hot
vg = 0.09963 m3/kg
air with k = 1.34 has compression
uf = 906.44 kJ/kg
ratio of 5. Determine the efficiency
ug = 1,693.8 kJ/kg
of the cycle.
a. -432.23 kJ/kg
a. 42.14% b. 62.27%
b. -926.26 kJ/kg
c. 64.27% d. 36.46%
c. -834.55 kJ/kg
16. In an air standard diesel cycle, d. 1,082.34 kJ/kg
compression start at 100 kPa and
21. At 1.3 MPa, mixture steam and
300 K. The compression ratio is 16
water had an entropy of 4 kJ/kg-K.
to 1. The maximum cycle
Find the enthalpy of the mixture.
temperature is 2,031 K. Determine
At 1.3 MPa:
the cycle efficiency.
sf = 2.2515; sg = 6.4953
a. 60.34% b. 56.23%
hf = 514.93; hfg = 1972.7
c. 65.98% d. 45.45%
a. 1627.71 kJ/kg
17. Determine the air-standard b. 1533.33 kJ/kg
efficiency of an engine operating on c. 1234.45 kJ/kg
the diesel cycle with clearance of d. 1734.45 kJ/kg
8% when the suction pressure is
22. A tank contains exactly one
99.97 kPa and the fuel is injected
kilogram of water consisting of liquid
for 6% of the stroke. Assume k =
and vapor in equilibrium at 1 MPa. If
1.4.
the liquid and vapor each occupy
a. 63.5% b. 51.2%
one-half the volume of the tank,
 what is the enthalpy of the content
of the tank?
a. 644.40 kJ/kg
b. 774.40 kJ/kg
c. 833.40 kJ/kg
d. 435.29 kJ/kg
23. Water substance at 70 bars and
65oC enters a boiler tube of
constant inside diameter of 25 mm.
The water leaves the boiler tube at
50 bars and 700oK at velocity of 100
m/s. Calculate the inlet velocity
(m/s).
a. 1.56 b. 2.12
c. 1.672 d. 3.230
24. One lb (0.455 kg) of a mixture of
steam and water at 160 psia (1103.2
kPa) is in rigid vessel. Heat is added
to the vessel until the content are at
560 psia (3861.2 kPa) and 600oF
(315.55oC). Determine the quantity
of heat in kJ added to the water and
steam in the tank.
a. 1423.70 b. 1392.34
c. 1562.34 d. 1294.45
25. Steam leaves and industrial boiler
at 827.4 kPa and 171.6oC. A portion
of the steam is passed through a
throttling calorimeter and is
exhausted to the atmosphere when
the calorimeter pressure is 101.4
kPa. How much moisture does the
steam leaving the boiler contain if
the temperature is 115.6oC?
a. 3.78% b. 3.08%
c. 4.56% d. 2.34%
PRACTICE PROBLEM NO. 2
Instruction: Choose the best answer.
1. Ammonia weighing 22 kg is
confirmed inside a cylinder
equipped with a piston has an initial
pressure of 413 kPa and 38oC. If
2,900 kJ if heat is added to the
ammonia until its final pressure and
temperature are 413 kPa and
100oC, respectively, what is the
amount of work done by the fluid in
kJ?
a. 667 b. 304
c. 420 d. 502
2. A tank contains 80 ft 3 of air at a
pressure of 350 psi; if the air is
cooled until its pressure and
temperature decreases to 200 psi
and 70oF respectively, what is the
decrease in internal energy?
a. +4,575 b. -5,544
c. 5,552 d. 0
3. A large mining company was
provided with a 3 m3 of compressed
air tank. Air pressure in the tank
drops from 700 kPa to 180 kPa
while the temperature remains
constant at 28oC. What percentage
has the mass of air in the tank been
reduced?
a. 74 b. 72
c. 76 d. 78
4. Determine the vacuum efficiency of
a surface condenser which operates
at a vacuum of 635 mm Hg and
exhaust steam enters the
o
condenser at 45.81 C. The
barometric is 760 mm Hg.
a. 80.4% b. 85.2%
c. 92.2% d. 98.3%
5. How much work is necessary to
compress air in an insulated
cylinder from 0.20 m3 to 0.01 m3?
Use T = 20oC and P1 = 100 kPa.
a. 113.4 kJ b. 121.4 kJ
c. 110.1 kJ d. 115.6 kJ
6. A perfect gas has a value of R =
5,808 ft-lb/lb-oR and k = 1.26. If 20
Btu are added to 5 lb of this gas at
constant volume when initial
 temperature is 90oF, find the final
temperature.
a. 100.76oC b. 167.76oC
c. 103.76oC d. 145.76oC
7. If initial volume of an ideal gas is
compressed to one half its original
volume and to twice its original
temperature, the pressure:
a. Doubles
b. Quadruples
c. Remains constant
d. Halves
8. An ideal gas at 45 psig and 80oF is
heated in a closed container to
130oF. What is the final pressure?
a. 62.53 psig b. 49.23 psig
c. 60.23 psig d. 50.53 psig
9. A Carnot engine receives 130 Btu of
heat from a hot reservoir at 700 oF
and rejects 49 Btu of heat.
Calculate the temperature of the
cold reservoir.
a. -21.9oF b. -24.2oF
c. -20.8oF d. -22.7oF
10. A heat engine is operated between
temperature limits of 1370oC and
260oC. Engine supplies with 14,142
kJ per kW.hr. Find the Carnot cycle
efficiency in percent.
a. 70.10 b. 65.05
c. 67.56 d. 69.32
11. A closed vessel contains air at a
pressure of 160 kN/m2 gauge and
temperature of 30oC. The air is
heated at constant volume of 60 oC
with the atmospheric pressure as
759 mm Hg. What is the final gauge
pressure?
a. 174 b. 169
c. 185.8 d. 172
12. The thermal efficiency of a
particular engine operating on an
ideal cycle is 35%. Calculate the
heat supplied per 1200 watt-hr of
work developed in kJ.
a. 12,343 b. 10,216
c. 14,218 d. 11,108
13. The clearance of a diesel cycle is
1.0%. If initial temperature is 27 oC,
determine the final temperature.
a. 510oC b. 610oC
c. 540oC d. 1000oC
14. An ideal Otto cycle with 15%
clearance operates on 0.227 kg/s of
air with k = 1.32. Determine the
efficiency of the cycle.
a. 50.65% b. 43.84%
c. 41.32% d. 47.89%
15. An engine operates on the air
standard Otto cycle. The cycle work
is 900 kJ/kg, the maximum cycle
temperature at the end of isentropic
compression is 600oC. Determine
the engines compression ratio.
a. 6.388 b. 10.45
c. 8.67 d. 7.87
16. A diesel engine is operating on a 4-
stroke cycle, has a heat rate of
11315.6 kJ/kW-hr brake. The
compression ratio is 13. The cut-off
ratio is 2. Using k = 1.32, what is the
brake engine efficiency.
a. 63.5% b. 51.2%
c. 73.5% d. 45.3%
17. A heat engine (Carnot cycle) has its
intake and exhaust temperature if
157oC and 100oC, respectively.
What is its efficiency?
a. 12.65% b. 14.75%
c. 15.35% d. 13.25%
18. 180 grams of saturated water of
temperature 95oC undergoes
evaporation process until all vapor
completely vaporized. Determine
the changed in volume. At 95oC, vf =
0.0010397 m3/kg.
a. 0.1656 m3 b. 0.4235 m3
 c. 0.2565 m3 d. 0.3656 m3
19. Twenty kilograms of water at 40 oC
is confined in a rigid vessel. The
heat is supplied until all the water is
completely vaporized. Find the heat
added in kJ.
a. 45,422 kJ b. 43,122 kJ
c. 45,252 kJ d. 65,233 kJ
20. The entropy in kJ/kg-K at 90%
moisture of a 1 MPa steam-water
mixture is:
At 1 MPa: sg = 6.5865; sfg = 4.4478
a. 4.87 b. 6.14
c. 2.583 d. 4.36
21. Mixture with 80% quality at 500
kPa is heated isothermally until its
pressure is 300 kPa. Find the heat
added during the process.
At 500 kPa:
sf = 1.8607; sfg = 4.9606
At 300 kPa and 151.86oC:
s = 7.0888 kJ/kg
a. 652.34 kJ/kg
b. 535.16 kJ/kg
c. 983.44 kJ/kg
d. 765.34 kJ/kg
22. A vessel with a volume of 1 m 3
contains liquid water and water
vapor in equilibrium at 600 kPa. The
liquid water has a mass of 1 kg.
Using steam tables, calculate the
mass of water vapor.
a. 3.16 kg b. 0.99 kg
c. 1.57 kg d. 1.89 kg
23. Water substance at 70 bars and
65oC enters a boiler tube of
constant inside diameter of 25 mm.
The water leaves the boiler tube at
50 bars and 700oK at velocity of 100
m/s. Calculate the inlet volume of
100 m/s. Calculate the inlet volume
flow (li/s).
a. 0.821 b. 1.561
c. 0.344 d. 2.133
24. Steam at the rate of 600 kg/hr is
produced by a steady flow system
boiler from feedwater entering at
40oC. Find the rate at which heat is
transformed in kCal per hour if
enthalpy of steam is 660 kCal/kg
and of the feedwater at 40 kCal/kg.
a. 372,000 b. 387,000
c. 345,200 d. 312,444
25. Steam enters a throttling
calorimeter at a pressure of 1.03
MPa. The calorimeter downstream
pressure and temperature are
respectively 0.100 MPa and 125oC.
What is the percentage moisture if
the supply steam?
Properties of steam:
p, MPa hfg hg
1.03 2010.7 2779.25
Note: @ 0.1 MPa and 125oC:
h = 2726.6 kJ/kg.
a. 2.62 b. 5.21
c. 3.15 d. 1.98
26. A vessel of 0.058 m3 capacity is
well insulated and is divided equally
by a rigid conducting diaphragm.
Initially both halves contain air at
pressure of 137.8 kPa and 413.4
kPa and temperature 27oC and
177oC respectively. What is the
increase of entropy of the system in
kJ/oC?
a. 1.002 b. 0.5080
c. 0.00173 d. 0.1080
27. Using steam table. Find the
enthalpy of steam at kPa if its
specific volume is 0.3598 m3/kg.
a. 1625.86 kJ/kg
b. 1785.34 kJ/kg
c. 1543.45 kJ/kg
d. 1687.55 kJ/kg
28. A throttling calorimeter is
connected to the superheated
steam line supplying steam to the
auxiliary feed pump on a ship. The
 line pressure measures 2.5 MPa.
The calorimeter pressure of 137.8
kPa and 413.4 kPa and temperature
of 27oC and 177oC respectively.
What is the increase of entropy of
the system in kJ/K?
a. 6.8 b. 7.2
c. 6.6 d. 7.5
29. Steam enters an isothermal
compressor at 400oC and 100 kPa.
The exit pressure is 10 MPa,
determine the change of enthalpy.
a. 198 kJ/kg b. 178 kJ/kg
c. 187 kJ/kg d. 182 kJ/kg
30. Steam enters an adiabatic at 300oC
and 400 kPa. It exits as a saturated
vapor at 30 kPa. Determine the
work done.
a. 476.34 kJ/kg
b. 441.50 kJ/kg
c. 436.33 kJ/kg
d. 524.34 kJ/kg
3
31. A 0.5 m tank contains saturated
steam at 300 kPa. Heat is
transferred until pressure reaches
100 kPa. Find the final temperature.
a. 94.45oC b. 83.23oC
c. 99.63oC d. 103.2oC
32. A 500 li contains a saturated
mixture of steam and water at
300oC. Determine the mass of vapor
if their volumes are equal.
a. 11.54 kg b. 10.34 kg
c. 13.45 kg d. 16.34 kg
33. A 1 kg steam-water mixture at 1.0
MPa is contained in an inflexible
tank. Heat is added until the
pressure rises to 3.5 MPa and
400oC. Determine the heat added.
a. 1378.64 kJ b. 1532.56 kJ
c. 1456.78 kJ d. 1635.45 kJ
34. Atmospheric pressure boils at
212oF. At the vacuum pressure at 24
in-Hg, the temperature is 142oF.
Find the boiling temperature when
the pressure is increased by 45 psia.
a. 342.34oF b. 526.34oF
c. 479.13oF d. 263.45oF
35. What is the temperature in oC of 2
liters of water at 30oC after 500
calories of heat have been added
to?
a. 35.70 b. 30.25
c. 38.00 d. 39.75
36. A mass of 0.36 kg metal having a
temperature of 100oC is plunged
into 0.04 kg if water at 20 oC. The
temperature of the water and metal
becomes 48oC. The latent heat of
ice at 0oC is 335 kJ/kg-K, assuming
no heat loss to the surroundings,
determine the specific heat capacity
of the metal in kJ/kg-K.
a. 0.234 b. 0.564
c. 0.754 d. 0.451
37. What is the total energy required
heating in raising the temperature of
a given amount of water when the
energy applied is 1000 kW.hr with
heat losses of 25%?
a. 1,000 b. 1,500
c. 1,333 d. 1,250
38. A 30 kg iron was put in a container
with 14.33 kg water. The water is at
10oC and the iron has an initial
temperature of 439 K until the iron
was in thermal equilibrium with
water. Find the change in entropy.
(cp = 0.4 kJ/kg.K).
a. -12.56 kJ/K b. -43.58 kJ/K
c. -25.78 kJ/K d. -6.6 kJ/K
39. An instrument that measures
density
a. Manometer b. Barometer
c. Hydrometer d. Hydraulic meter
40. This law states that pressure
applied at a point in a confined
 liquid is transmitted equally to all 48. An underground formation that
other points. contains sufficient saturated
a. Boyle’s Law permeable material to yield
b. Len’s Law significant quantities of water.
c. Charle’s Law a. aquifer b. wet pit
d. Pascal’s Law c. cavitation d. NPSH
41. At 1 atmosphere, the boiling point 49. The rate of flow of liquid measure
of water is 100oC. If the pressure is per unit time is called:
decreased, the boiling temperature a. capacity b. pump work
will: c. velocity d. pump head
a. increase
50. The reading of a pressure gage at
b. decrease
the discharge of the pump plus the
c. remains the same
velocity head at the point of gage
d. greater than
attachment.
42. What is the pressure above zero? a. total head
a. gage pressure b. NPSH
b. vacuum pressure c. total discharge head
c. absolute pressure d. suction head
d. atmospheric pressure
51. A type of valve installed between
43. Thermodynamic process following the suction of pump and water
the law pVn = constant. mains to prevent any return of
a. polytropic b. isentropic water to mains when pump is
c. isothermal d. isobaric stopped.
a. globe valve b. suction valve
44. Thermodynamic process following
c. check valve d. discharge valve
the law pVn = constant if n is equal
to 1, what is the process? 52. A gauge in the form of a glass one
a. polytropic b. isentropic tube leg of which is open to the
c. isothermal d. isobaric atmosphere, or a straight tube one
end of which is open to the
45. Thermodynamic process following
atmosphere.
the law pVn = constant if n is equal
a. manometer b. differential
to 0, what is the process?
c. piezometer d. compound
a. polytropic b. isentropic
c. isothermal d. isobaric 53. The following are classifications of
pumps except:
46. Thermodynamic process following a. centrifugal b. reciprocating
the law pVn = constant if n is equal c. radial flow d. rotary
to 1.4, what is the process?
a. polytropic b. isentropic 54. The following are types of
c. isothermal d. isobaric reciprocating pumps, except:
a. piston b. peripheral
47. The vertical difference between c. plunger d. diaphragm
the pumping water level and static
water level. 55. The following are types of rotary
a. total head b. static head pumps, except:
c. pump level d. draw-down a. vane b. screw
c. gear d. duplex
 66. Piping color for high pressure water
56. The following are types of
and hot water:
centrifugal pumps, except:
a. silver b. red
a. hydraulic b. axial
c. yellow d. green
c. mixed d. radial
67. Piping color for LPG, high vacuum
57. Valve design to open automatically
and producer gas:
to relieve excess pressure.
a. safety red b. orange
a. check valve b. relief valve
c. red d. no color
c. gate valve d. medium valve
68. The sum of the internal energy and
58. _______ is a hollow product of
the product of pressure and specific
round or any other cross section
volume is known as the:
having a continuous periphery.
a. enthalpy b. entropy
a. pipe b. tube
c. flow work d. total work
c. valve d. coupling
69. If the pressure exerted on a liquid is
59. A large pipe or drum into which
higher than the saturation pressure
each of a group of boilers is
corresponding to its temperature,
connected.
the liquid is at the _____ region.
a. muffler b. header
a. saturated liquid
c. manifold d. expansion loop
b. superheated liquid
60. Medium pressure, when applied to c. subcooled liquid
valves and fittings, implies they are d. highly superheated liquid
suitable for a working pressure of
70. The mass and temperature of a gas
from _____ kPa.
are inversely proportional at a
a. 862 to 1207 b. 1207 to 1506
constant pressure process. This is
c. 955 to 1345 d. 1345 to 1750
known as:
61. All piping shall be run ___ to a. Dalton’s Law
building walls. b. Law of Buoyancy
a. opposite b. parallel c. Charles’ Law
c. inclined d. slope d. Newton’s Second Law
62. Piping supports shall be placed 71. In a certain hydro power plant, the
____ mm intervals or less. total head is h and the head loss
a. 3000 b. 4000 due to friction is hf, then what is the
c. 4500 d. 6000 available head of the process?
a. hf – h b. h
63. Piping color for boiled feed water:
c. h – hf d. hf
a. green b. red
c. black d. yellow 72. If air is compressed without heat,
then what do you call this kind of
64. Piping color for acids:
compression?
a. violet b. blue
a. isobaric b. isochoric
c. orange d. red
c. adiabatic d. isothermal
65. Piping color for oil:
73. Difference in pressure measure
a. green b. black
above or below atmospheric
c. white d. brown
pressure:
a. draft b. stack
 c. chimney d. breeching 81. Thermodynamic properties that are
dependent of the mass.
74. Servomotor controls
a. extensive properties
a. moving guide vanes
b. intensive properties
b. moving vanes
c. specific properties
c. guide vanes
c. pressure
d. none of these
82. Open system is also known as:
75. Name the process that is no heat
a. controlled mass system
loss or gain and no friction.
b. controlled volume system
a. isentropic process
c. transient system
b. isothermal process
d. isolated system
c. adiabatic
d. non-reversible 83. The vapor that has temperature
equal to the saturation temperature
76. A dimensionless ratio of a fluids
corresponding to an existing
density to some standard reference
pressure.
density.
a. wet vapor
a. specific weight
b. saturated vapor
b. constant
c. superheated vapor
c. factor
d. all of the above
d. specific gravity
84. The one’s defining the physical
77. Attractive force between molecules
condition of the fluid are called:
of different substances.
a. thermodynamic properties
a. cohesion b. adhesion
b. state properties
c. saturation d. evaporation
c. cycle properties
78. When the air is saturated, all three d. substance properties
temperatures are:
85. A drop in internal energy, is seen as
a. equal
a drop in
b. unequal
a. pressure b. volume
c. one is greater
c. enthalpy d. energy
d. one is lesser
86. The velocity always changes from
79. Water lost in small droplets and
supersonic to subsonic across a
carried away by the air flow.
shock wave and there is no loss of
a. water vapor
heat energy, therefore a shock
b. vapor loss
wave is:
c. windage loss
a. an adiabatic process
d. friction loss
b. polytropic process
80. An upward force that acts on all c. isentropic process
objects that are partially or d. hydraulic process
completely submerged in a fluid.
87. A high gas velocity is often
a. weight in air
achieved at the expense of what
b. weight in water
type of energy.
c. object’s mass
a. kinetic energy
d. buoyant force
b. internal energy
c. potential energy
 d. gravitational energy
88. If the gas flow is adiabatic and
frictionless (that is, reversible), the
entropy change is zero and the flow
is known as:
a. isentropic flow
b. polytropic flow
c. isovolumic flow
d. isenthalpic flow
89. Heavy water is:
a. B2O
b. W2O
c. H2O
d. D2O
90. A device for measuring the velocity
of wind:
a. aneroid barometer
b. anemoscope
c. anemometer
d. anemograph