MANAGING AND CARING

FOR THE SELF BYa SETTING

GOALS FOR SUCCESS
How do you solve a puzzle?

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MANAGING AND CARING
FOR THE SELF BY SETTING
GOALS FOR SUCCESS
 OBJECTIVES

Identify and absorb the

importance of goals
Understand and apply the concept of
Bandura, Dweck, and Locke
Determine which of the three
concepts would be most
applicable

Have a clear definition of success

 Why must we set goals?

Goal is an object to aim for and also

sets the standards of success.

GOALS ACHIEVED → SUCCESS → SATISFACTION

Every time a goal is reached, it brings us

closer to what we value in life.
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BANDURA’S
SELF
EFFICACY
THEORY
 “
People will only try to do what they think they can do,
and won’t try what they think they can’t do.
- Bandura, 1977
BANDURA’S SELF EFFICACY THEORY

Self-efficacy is the belief in one’s own ability to

successfully accomplish something

✓ See problems as a challenge that they overcome

✓ Make sure that they will take the task and will
stay committed to those tasks
✓ Increase effort when failure is near
✓ Assume control of the situation
 Four Factors that
influence one’s
self-confidence or
self-efficacy
MASTERY EXPERIENCE

▫ Happens when we do something and we become

successful. Encouraged, we do it again and again until
we have mastered it.
▫ Most effective way of boosting one’s self-efficacy
because they will try to do something new if it is a
task that is similar to what they have already
mastered
MASTERY EXPERIENCE

▫ Therefore, part of achieving success in reaching our

goals is to have self-efficacy through mastering skills
needed to achieve that goal
▫ NOTE: in order to acquire new skills, we should not
limit in mastering something or those similar to it
▪ Need to get out of our comfort zone to try
something new and challenging tasks
TRIVIA: The psychologist, Malcolm Gladwell, in his book the Outliers, said that one needs 10,
000 hours of practice for one to be good at something. However, there has been plenty of
studies made that practice alone is not enough. Personality, age when one started
practicing, intelligence or innate talent has to be taken as factors also. But, this does not
discount the importance of practice as an important tool to achieving a success.

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vicarious EXPERIENCE

▫ Observation of success and failures of others through

modelling, who are similar to one’s self
▫ “if he can do it, so can I” mentality
▫ Self-efficacy is highly influenced depending on how one
believes he or she is similar to that person being
watched or how close that person is to the other
VICARIOUS EXPERIENCE

▫ Therefore, it does help in the achievement of our

goals to surround ourselves with people who have
the mindset of “I can do it”, and actually do make it
▫ We achieve our goals by watching and learning from
those who have reached their goals
VERBAL PERSUASION

▫ The more people verbally encourage one, then the

more likely the person’s self-efficacy will increase
▫ When one feels that others do believe in what he is
capable of doing, then that person can actually
persuade himself that he can do it.
VERBAL PERSUASION

▫ Sometimes it takes just a bit of good words to

encourage that person into not giving up and go for
that finish line.
SOMATIC AND EMOTIONAL STATES

▫ The emotional state of the person will also have a

influence in the success or failure of the task
▫ When a person is anxious, stressed, worried, or scared,
this will negatively impact the achievement of one’s
goals
SOMATIC AND EMOTIONAL STATES

▫ Thus, do some relaxation techniques when faced

with difficult situation
▫ Once the emotional stress is improved the self-
efficacy is improved
SUMMARY

• An achievement of one’s
goal is deeply affected by
one’s self-efficacy
• For self-efficacy to
improve, a consciousness on
how mastery experience,
vicarious experience, verbal
persuasion and emotional
and somatic state work
should be utilized

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DWECK’S
MINDSET
“it’s all in the mindset”
DWECK’S MINDSET
➜ mental attitude one takes that determines
how one will respond and understand the
situation
➜ View you have of your qualities ad
characteristics – where they come from and
whether they can change
➜ Like viewing the world through glasses
○ Fixed mindset
○ Growth minds
 How will you respond to this situation?

On your way to school, you pass by your friend but your

friend didn’t even say hi to you even after you said hi.
Then, in class, you were called for a recitation and didn’t
do so well. You were also scolded for not bringing the
assignment that you have done but forget to bring.
You tried to explain it to the teacher but she still gave
you a 0 mark. How will you react?
 How will you react?

A. You would think, you are having an unluck day.

B. My friend might be having a problem.
C. I will not acknowledge my friend until he acknowledges me
first.
D. I’m really bad at that subject.
E. I have to study harder for that subject.
F. My teacher is inconsiderate.
G. I should have made a reminder to myself to bring the
assignment.
H. I will volunteer for the recitation next time.
 How will you react?

A. You would think, you are having an unluck day.

B. My friend might be having a problem.
C. I will not acknowledge my friend until he acknowledges me
first.
D. I’m really bad at that subject.
E. I have to study harder for that subject.
F. My teacher is inconsiderate.
G. I should have made a reminder to myself to bring the
assignment.
H. I will volunteer for the recitation next time.
FIXED MINDSET

▫ The intellect never changes no

matter what we do, how much
effort or hardwork we put into it.
▫ Intellect remains static.
▫ Also applicable to creativity,
artistic ability, athleticism,
personality traits where these are
seen as something one is born with.
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GROWTH MINDSET

▫ The success and failure of a task is

dependent on the kind of mindset
one has
▫ With the right kind of mindset,
composed mainly of thinking that
intellect can be developed, ither
attitude will follow.
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FIXED MINDSET

▫ There is consciousness to always

look smart and to avoid looking
foolish
▫ Tendency to think that one is born
with “it”
▫ Blames others for their failures
and hides their shortcomings and
defensively acts superior
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GROWTH MINDSET
▫ Embrace learning because the person
feels intellect can be developed
▫ Believes that hardwork pays off
▫ MANTRA: learning is better than
having high grades
▫ HALLMARK: sticking with it,
especially when things are not going
well
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 LOCKE’S
GOAL
SETTING
THEORY
“it’s all in the mindset”
Locke’s goal setting theory
Man’s ultimate goal is happiness
“Happiness is that state of
consciousness which proceeds from
the achievement of one’s values.”

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 JOHN LOCKE
◎ To achieve happiness, political freedom is required
◎ Man should think about their actions. Concepts must be
validated by observation and logic.
◎ Freewill is the choice to think or not to think
◎ Recognition of our needs, either physical, psychological, or
philosophical, needs thinking
○ Need to know how to satisfy them and anticipate when the
needs will occur so we can prepare for that eventuality
 JOHN LOCKE

◎ Needs should be differentiated from values

◎ Needs – inborn; part of an organism’s nature
◎ Values – acquired and learned
○ We regard to be important and we rank them

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goals

Values applied to specific circumstances

▪ Change more frequently
▪ Needed to achieve a certain thing that
we value and those we value satisfy
certain needs
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GOAL SETTING THEORY
Locke and Latham (1991)

1. Clarity

2. Difficulty

3. Commitment

4. Feedback

5. Task Complexity
 BLOCKS TO GOAL ACHIEVEMENT

1. Irrationality

2. Unwillingness to put forth mental and

physical effort

3. Fear
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Thanks!
Any questions?