Al- Horya language school

Summer school online course

Science Department

Prep Two
 Physical quantities

Scalar physical quantity Vector physical quantity

The physical quantity that has The physical quantity that
magnitude only and has no has magnitude and direction
direction

Ex: Mass, Length, time Ex: Acceleration,

and speed displacement, Velocity and
Force
 distance (m)
Speed V =
time (sec)

Total distance (m)

Average Speed =
Total time (sec)

The value of acceleration = final speed △V ;initial speed △V

time △t
Calculate the distance covered by a car which moves at a regular
speed of 70 Km/h during
1- Half an hour
𝑑 d=𝑉𝑥𝑡
V=
𝑇

d = 70 𝑥 .5
d = 35 𝐾𝑚

2- Two hours

d=𝑉𝑥𝑡
d = 70 𝑥 2
d = 140 𝐾𝑚
A racer covered a distance of 100 m of a straight track in 10 sec,
Then he returned back walking , he took 80 secs to come back to
the starting point of running

Calculate the racer’s average speed:

1. While running
𝑑 100
Ṽ= = = 10 m/sec
𝑇 10

2. While returning
𝑑 100
Ṽ= = = 1.25 m/sec
𝑇 80

3. During the whole trip

𝑑 d1: d2 100:100 200
Ṽ= = = = = 2.2 𝑚/𝑠𝑒𝑐
𝑇 T1:T2 10:80 90
Calculate the acceleration of moving object from rest and its
speed reaches 20 m/sec. in 5 sec.

V1 = 0 V2 = 20 𝑚/𝑠𝑒𝑐 △T = 5 𝑠𝑒𝑐

V2 ; V1 20 ; 0
a= a= a = 4 𝑚/𝑠𝑒𝑐2
△T 5

2. What is the type of acceleration?

Positive acceleration
A Car moves at a speed of 60 m/sec., if the driver used the
brakes to decrease the speed by 3 m/sec2 .
Calculate the time after which the car stops.

V1 = 60 𝑚/𝑠𝑒𝑐

V2 = 0

a = −3 𝑚/𝑠𝑒𝑐2 △T = ? ? ?

V2 ; V1 0 ; 60
a= △T =
;3
= 20 𝑠𝑒𝑐
△T
In the opposite figure, a person starts moving
from point (A) and returns back to the start point
through B, C and D
Calculate :
1- Average speed

Total distance (m)

Average Speed =
Total time (sec)

20:40:20:40
= = 0.8 m/sec
20:45:25:45
2- Velocity ( Give a reason ).

Velocity = Zero
Because the displacement equals Zero
In the opposite figure, a Car starts moving from point (A) to
point (F) passing by points (B) , (C) , (D) , ( E ) .
Calculate :
5 Km
1- Total distance covered (B) (C)
By the car

1 Km
2 Km
Total distance =
2+5+1+3+1= 12 Km (E) 3 Km
(D)
2- Displacement done by

1 Km
the car
Displacement =
5 -3 = 2 Km In AF (A) (F)
3- Velocity if you know that the total time spent by the car
equals 0.033 hours.
displacement 2
Velocity = = = 60.6 Km/h In AF
Total time 0.033
The following table shows the motion of a car within 4 hours,
Describe this motion during that period of time.

Time (t) (hour) 0 1 2 3 4

Speed (V) (Km/hour) 0 30 60 20 0

V2 ; V1 60
a through the first two hours =
△T 50
60 ; 0 = 30 𝐾𝑚/ℎ2 40
=
2;0 30
V2 ; V1 20
a through the Third hours =
△T 10
20 ; 60
= = −40 𝐾𝑚/ℎ2 1 2 3 4
3;2
V2 ; V1
a through the fourth hours =
△T
0 ; 20 = 20 𝐾𝑚/ℎ2
=
4;3
A rubber ball fell downward from a height equal 2 metres from
the ground, then returned upward 1 meter, then fell down
again to rest on the ground. Calculate :

Distance
Distance = 2+1+1 = 4 m
2m
displacement
1m
Displacement = 2 m downward