HISTORY OF BADMINTON

Games employing shuttlecocks have been played for centuries across Eurasia, but the modern game of
badminton developed in the mid-19th century among the British as a variant of the earlier game of battledore
and shuttlecock. ("Battledore" was an older term for "racquet".) Its exact origin remains obscure. The name
derives from the Duke of Beaufort's Badminton House in Gloucestershire, but why or when remains unclear. As
early as 1860, a London toy dealer named Isaac Spratt published a booklet entitled Badminton Battledore – A
New Game, but no copy is known to have survived. An 1863 article in The Cornhill Magazine describes
badminton as "battledore and shuttlecock played with sides, across a string suspended some five feet from the
ground".
The game may have originally developed among expatriate officers in British India, where it was very popular
by the 1870s. Ball badminton, a form of the game played with a wool ball instead of a shuttlecock, was being
played in Thanjavur as early as the 1850s and was at first played interchangeably with badminton by the British,
the woollen ball being preferred in windy or wet weather.
Early on, the game was also known as Poona or Poonah after the garrison town of Poona, where it was
particularly popular and where the first rules for the game were drawn up in 1873. By 1875, officers returning
home had started a badminton club in Folkestone. Initially, the sport was played with sides ranging from 1 to 4
players, but it was quickly established that games between two or four competitors worked the best. The
shuttlecocks were coated with India rubber and, in outdoor play, sometimes weighted with lead. Although the
depth of the net was of no consequence, it was preferred that it should reach the ground.
The sport was played under the Pune rules until 1887, when J. H. E. Hart of the Bath Badminton Club drew up
revised regulations. In 1890, Hart and Bagnel Wild again revised the rules. The Badminton Association of
England (BAE) published these rules in 1893 and officially launched the sport at a house called "Dunbar" in
Portsmouth on 13 September. The BAE started the first badminton competition, the All England Open
Badminton Championships for gentlemen's doubles, ladies' doubles, and mixed doubles, in 1899. Singles
competitions were added in 1900 and an England–Ireland championship match appeared in 1904.
England, Scotland, Wales, Canada, Denmark, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, and New Zealand were the
founding members of the International Badminton Federation in 1934, now known as the Badminton World
Federation. India joined as an affiliate in 1934. The BWF now governs international badminton. Although
initiated in England, competitive men's badminton has traditionally been dominated in Europe by Denmark.
Worldwide, Asian nations have become dominant in international competition. China, Denmark, Indonesia,
Malaysia, India, South Korea, Taiwan (as Chinese Taipei) and Japan are the nations which have consistently
produced world-class players in the past few decades, with China being the greatest force in men's and women's
competition recently.
The game has also become a popular backyard sport in the United States.
Introduction:
Playing Badminton requires a standard space and equipment in order to execute the skills and enjoy the
beauty of the game. For recreational purposes this space could be an outdoor; outside home, sports complex
etc., but competition requires a standard indoor playing space.
In this lesson, you will learn the standard facilities and equipment of the game. The parts and
measurement of the court, the racket, the net and shuttlecock. We will also explore the function of the parts of
the court, the racket, the net and shuttlecock.

Acquisition of New Knowledge

Application

1. Complete the court with the correct measurements.

1

2
10

9 4

8 7
Source:
https://www.google.com/search?q=badminton+court+pics&sxsrf=ALeKk01Gv0695xkWLP1jEIYBkfsDKzEuUw:1592547494580&tbm
=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=hSRVS6kxrZ

1. Complete the parts of the Racket.

Source:
https://www.google.com/search?q=badminton+racket+pics&sxsrf=ALeKk00312tEGVZMiDuEy5fhKJf0Kk5lbw:1592549139742&tbm=isch&sourc
e=iu&ictx=1&fir=
 1. Complete the net with the correct Measurement.

Source:
https://www.google.com/search?q=badminton+net+pics&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjT1-vvo43qAhXTIaYKHQy-CWAQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=badminton+net+pics&gs_lcp=CgN
BADMENTON GRIP
INTRODUCTION
Using any equipment by hand requires a specific technique in order to attain the best result of its function. This
technique allows the user to perform a maximum action with the less effort and therefore sustain action in a
longer period time.
In this lesson, you will learn the proper way of holding the racket which is essential in learning the game.
Forehand grip
Right handed student:
 Hold the handle/shaft of the racket with the left hand with the head or frame of the racket facing
forward.
 Place the right hand at the middle of the handle of the racket with the pinky, ring and middle fingers
closed together.
 Place the thumb at the middle of the middle finger and index finger.
Left handed student do the reverse.

Backhand grip
Right handed student:
 Hold the handle/shaft of the racket with the left hand with the head or frame of the racket facing upward.
(Position of the racket below chest level)
 Place the right hand at the middle of the handle of the racket with the pinky, ring, middle and index
fingers closed together.
 Place the thumb at the side of the handle of the racket pointing upward. (thumbs up)
Left handed student do the reverse.
DRILLS
Drill 1.
Overhead forehand grip
Right handed student:
 In standing position, with the forehand grip the racket in front of the body.
 Step right foot backward.
 Raise the racket up with the elbow in shoulder level and the forearm is in almost right angle with the
elbow.
 Then back to starting position.Left handed student do the revers
Drill 2.
Overhead backhand grip
Right handed student:
 In standing position, with the backhand grip the racket in front of the body.
 Step right foot cross to left foot with the body facing sideward.
 Raise the racket upward left with the elbow in shoulder level and the forearm is in almost right angle
with the elbow.
 Then back to starting position.
Left handed student do the reverse.
Drill 3:
Side arm forehand grip
Right handed student:
 In standing position, with the forehand grip the racket in front of the body.
 Step right foot sideward right.
 Raise the racket sideward right with the elbow below shoulder level and the forearm is in 45 degrees
angle with the elbow.
 Then back to starting position.
Left handed student do the reverse.
Drill 4:
Sidearm backhand grip
Right handed student:
 In standing position, with the backhand grip the racket in front of the body.
 Step right foot to cross the left foot sideward body facing the left side.
 Raise the racket sideward left with the arm in shoulder level or below depending on the level of
shuttlecock.
 Then back to starting position.
Left handed student do the reverse.
Drill 5:
Underhand forehand grip
Right handed student:
 In standing position, with the forehand grip the racket in front of the body.
 Lunge forward right
  Raise the racket up in front in shoulder level or below depending on the level of shuttlecock.
 Then back to starting position.
Left handed student do the reverse.
Drill 6:
Underhand backhand grip
Right handed student:
 In standing position, with the backhand grip the racket in front of the body.
 Lunge forward right.
 Raise racket up in front in shoulder level or below depending on the level of shuttlecock.
Left handed student do the reverse.
The Ready Position
Introduction: In every endeavors in life we need to be prepared. This preparation allows us to response
effectively to the upcoming events, either this occasions is easy or punishing. In the area of sports, player must
always prepare for the upcoming action of the game in order to response to the situation demanded by the game.
In this lesson, we will learn the ready position of the badminton game. This ready position allows the player to
react effectively to the shots played by the opponent.
Acquisition of New Knowledge:
The ready position is the stance or position of the body and the location of the player while waiting for the shot
coming from the opponent.
Warm up Instruction

Forward trunk bending Arms upward then slowly bend your trunk forward.

Backward trunk bending Arms upward then slowly bend your trunk backward.

Side bending to the right Left arm upward and right hand place on the abs slowly bend
your trunk to the right side.

Side bending to the left Right arm upward and left hand place on the abs slowly bend
your trunk to the left side.

Head rotation  Rotate head clockwise direction.

 Rotate head counter clockwise direction

Trunk twisting Arms sideward twist trunk to the side right and left
alternately.

Hips rotation  Rotate hips clockwise direction.

 Rotate hips counter clockwise direction

Knees rotation  Rotate knees clockwise direction.

 Rotate knees counter clockwise direction

Ankle rotation  Rotate right ankle clockwise direction.

 Rotate right ankle counter clockwise direction (repeat
to the left ankle)

Run  Slow run in place

Leg Kicks  Jump on the left foot while the right leg kick in front.
 Jump on the right foot while the left leg kick in front.

Jumping jacks  Jump to open feet sideward while arms upward.

 Jump to close feet in place while the arms on side.


Badminton ready position drills
Drill 1: The ready position
Right handed student: From standing position feet
together. Step right foot sideward right
approximately 2 feet in distance. Bend the knees
slightly about 45 degrees. Body in crouch position
or slightly bend forward. Racket in front of the body
with forehand grip position. Left handed student do
the reverse.
Drill 2: Run forward to ready position.
From ready position. Run 4 steps forward.
Then go back to ready position.
Drill 3: Run Backward to ready position.
From ready position.Run 4 steps Backward.
Then go back to ready position.
Drill 3: Side steps sideward right to ready
position.
From ready position. Move 4 steps sideward right.
Then run back to ready position.
Drill 4: Side steps sideward left to ready position.
From ready position. Move 4 steps sideward
left.Then run back to ready position.
Drill 5: Run diagonal forward right to ready
position. From ready position.
Run 4 steps diagonal forward right. Then go back to
ready position.
Drill 6: Run diagonal forward left to ready
position.
From ready position. Run 4 steps diagonal forward
left. Then go back to ready position.
Drill 7:Run diagonal backward right to ready
position. From ready position. Run 4 steps diagonal
backward right. Then go back to ready position.
Drill 8:Run diagonal backward left to ready
position.
From ready position. Run 4 steps diagonal
backward left. Then go back to ready position
Application Badminton footwork drills
Drill 1: 1 step footwork forward forehand
underhand
Right handed student:
 From ready position
 Step right foot forward to lunge position
performing the underhand forehand grip.
 Then back to ready position.
Left handed student do the reverse.
Drill 2: 1 step footwork forward backhand
underhand
Right handed student:
 From ready position
 Step right foot forward to lunge position
performing the underhand backhand grip.
 Then back to ready position.
Left handed student do the reverse.
Drill 3: 1 step footwork backward forehand
overhead
Right handed student:
 From ready position
 Step right foot backward performing the
overhead forehand grip.
 Then back to ready position.
Left handed student do the reverse.
Drill 4:1 step footwork backward backhand
overhead
Right handed student:
 From ready position
 Cross right foot to left foot backward (body
almost facing backward) performing the
overhead backhand grip.
 Then back to ready position.
Left handed student do the reverse.
Drill 5: 1 step footwork forehand sideward right
Right handed student:
 From ready position
 Step sideward right performing the forehand
sideward grip.
 Then back to ready position Left handed
student do the reverse.
Drill 6: 1 step footwork backhand sideward left
Right handed student:
 From ready position
 Cross right foot to left foot sideward left
performing the backhand sideward grip.
 Then back to ready position.
Left handed student do the reverse.
Drill 7:2 steps footwork forward forehand and
backhand underhand
Right handed student:
 From ready position
 Step left foot forward
 Step right foot forward to lunge position
performing the underhand forehand and
backhand grip.
 Then back to ready position.
Left handed student do the reverse.
Drill 8: 2 steps footwork backward forehand
overhead
Right handed student:
 From ready position
 Step left foot backward
 Step right foot backward performing the
overhead forehand grip.
 Then back to ready position.
Left handed student do the reverse.
Drill 9: 2 steps footwork backward backhand  Then back to ready position.
overhead
Left handed student do the reverse.
Right handed student:
Drill 12: 4 steps footwork forward forehand and
 From ready position backhand underhand
 Step left foot backward. Right handed students

 Cross right foot to left foot backward (body  From ready position
almost facing backward) performing the
 Step left foot forward.
overhead backhand grip.
 Step right foot forward.
 Then back to ready position.
 Step left foot close to right foot.
Left handed student do the reverse.
Drill 10: 2 steps footwork forehand sideward  Step right foot forward to lunge position
right performing the underhand
forehand/backhand grip.
Right handed student:
 Then back to ready position.
 From ready position
Left handed student do the reverse.
 Cross left foot to right foot sideward right.
Drill 13: 4 steps footwork forehand overhead
 Step right foot sideward right performing the
Right handed student:
forehand sideward grip.
 From ready position
 Then back to ready position.
 Step left foot backward.
Left handed student do the reverse.
Drill 11: 2 steps footwork backhand sideward  Step right foot backward.
left  Step left foot close to right foot.
Right handed students  Step right foot backward performing the
 From ready position overhead forehand grip.

 Step left foot sideward left.  Then back to ready position.

 Cross right foot to left foot sideward left Left handed student do the reverse.
performing the backhand sideward grip.
APPLICATION Badminton service drills
Drill 1: Forehand high clear serve
Right handed student:
 Stand at the middle of the court inside the
service court.
 With the left foot forward and right foot
backward. (a distance of a foot)
 Hold shuttlecock with your fingers in the
feathers in front of your body about chest
level.
 The racket position in the forehand sidearm
position.
 From this position, release the shuttlecock
and swing the racket in underhand upward
direction as hard as you can to aim the end
line of the court.
Left handed student do the reverse
Drill 2: Forehand short serve
Right handed student:
 Stand near the short service line inside the
service court.
 With the left foot forward and right foot
backward. (a distance of a foot)
 Hold shuttlecock with your fingers in the
feathers in front of your body about chest
level.
 The racket position in the forehand sidearm
position.
 From this position, release shuttlecock and
swing the racket in sidearm upward
direction gently to aim the short service line
of the service court.
Left handed student do the reverse.
Drill 3:Backhand clear or flick serve
Right handed student:
 Stand near the short service line inside the
service court.
 With the right foot forward and left foot
backward. (a distance of a foot)
 Hold shuttlecock with your fingers in the
feathers in front of your body about waist
level.
 With the backhand grip, the racket position
in front of the body and head of the racket
diagonally pointing downward near the
shuttlecock.
 From this position, release shuttlecock and
flick the racket hitting the shuttlecock as
hard as you can in underhand upward
direction as hard as you can to aim the end
line of the court.
Left handed student do the reverse.
HIGH SINGLES SERVE
HIGH DOUBLES SERVE
LOW SERVE
Drill 4: Backhand short serve
Right handed student:
 Stand near the short service line inside the
service court.
 With the right foot forward and left foot
backward. (a distance of a foot)
 Hold shuttlecock with your fingers in the
feathers in front of your body about waist
level.
 With the backhand grip, the racket position
in front of the body and head of the racket
diagonally pointing downward near the
shuttlecock.
 From this position, release shuttlecock and
push the racket slowly using the wrist
action.
Left handed student do the reverse
The high clear
Drill 1: Underhand forehand clear combination
with1 step forward footwork.
Right handed students:
 From ready position
 Perform 1 step footwork in front.
 With the forehand grip extend arm in front
below shoulder level then flick racket with
the wrist action in a forward upward
direction.
 Then return to ready position.
Left handed student do the reverse.
Drill 2: Underhand backhand clear combination
with1 step forward footwork.
Right handed student:
 From ready position
 Perform 1 step footwork in front.
 With the backhand grip extend arm in front
below shoulder level then flick or snap
racket with the wrist action in a forward
upward direction.
 Then return to ready position.
Left handed student do the reverse.
Drill 1: Forehand overhead clear combination with1
step backward footwork.
Right handed students:
 From ready position
 Perform 1 step footwork backward.
 With the forehand overhead grip. (Raise
racket up with the elbow in shoulder level
and the forearm is in almost right angle with
the elbow)
 With the face of the racket facing diagonally
backward upward.
 Hit the shuttle with the snap wrist action so
that the shuttle will fly very high and landed
between the long service line and the end
line of the court.
 Then return to ready position.
Left handed student do the reverse.
Drill 2: Backhand overhead clear combination
with1 step backward footwork.
Right handed student:
 From ready position
 Perform 1 step footwork backhand
backward. (Cross right foot to left foot
backward)
 With the backhand overhead grip. (Raise
racket up with the elbow in shoulder level
and the forearm is in almost right angle with
the elbow)
 With the face of the racket facing diagonally
backward upward.
 Hit the shuttle with the backhand snap wrist
action (power coming from the thumb) so
that the shuttle will fly very high and landed
between the long service line and the end
line of the court.
 Then return to ready position.
Left handed student do the reverse.
TERMINOLOGIES
Player Any person playing Badminton.
Match The basic contest in Badminton between opposing sides each of one or two players. (2 out 3 games)
Singles A match where there is one player on each of the opposing sides.
Doubles A match where there are two players on each of the opposing sides.
Serving side The side having the right to serve.
Receiving side The side opposing the serving side.
Rally A sequence of one or more strokes starting with the service, until the shuttle ceases to be in play.
Stroke A movement of the player’s racket with an intention to hit the shuttle.
 Backcourt - the back third of the court, in the area of the back
boundary lines.
 Bird or birdie - another name for the shuttlecock
 Carry - An illegal tactic, also called a sling or throw, in which the shuttle is
caught and held on the racket and then slung during the execution of a stroke.
 Center Line - Line perpendicular to the net that separates the
left and right service courts.
 Clear - A shot hit deep to the opponent’s back court.
 Court - Area of play, as defined by the outer boundary lines.
 Drive - A fast and low shot that makes a horizontal flight over the net.
 Drop - A shot hit softly and with finesse to fall rapidly and close to the net on the
opponent’s side.
 Fault - A violation of the playing rules, either in serving, receiving, or during play (see common faults
listed below).
 Flick - A quick wrist and forearm rotation that surprises an opponent by changing an apparently soft
shot into a faster passing one; used primarily on the serve and at the net.
 Forecourt - Front third of the court, between the net and the short service line.
 Kill - Fast, downward shot that cannot be returned; a "put away.
 Let - A legitimate cessation of play to allow a rally to be replayed.
 Long Service Line - In singles, the back boundary line. In doubles a line 2 l/2 feet inside the back
boundary line. The serve may not go past this line.
 Match - A series of games (2 out of 3 games), to determine a winner
 Fault - A violation of the playing rules, either in serving, receiving, or during play (see common faults
listed below).
 Flick - A quick wrist and forearm rotation that surprises an opponent by changing an apparently soft
shot into a faster passing one; used primarily on the serve and at the net.
 Forecourt - Front third of the court, between the net and the short service line.
 Kill - Fast, downward shot that cannot be returned; a "put away.
 Let - A legitimate cessation of play to allow a rally to be replayed.
 Long Service Line - In singles, the back boundary line. In doubles a line 2 l/2 feet inside the back
boundary line. The serve may not go past this line.
 Match - A series of games (2 out of 3 games), to determine a winner
 Fault - A violation of the playing rules, either in serving, receiving, or during play (see common faults
list below).
 Flick - A quick wrist and forearm rotation that surprises an opponent by changing an apparently soft
shot into a faster passing one; used primarily on the serve and at the net.
 Forecourt - Front third of the court, between the net and the short service line.
 Kill - Fast, downward shot that cannot be returned; a "put away.
  Let - A legitimate cessation of play to allow a rally to be replayed.
 Long Service Line - In singles, the back boundary line. In doubles a line 2 l/2 feet inside the back
boundary line. The serve may not go past this line.
 Match - A series of games (2 out of 3 games), to determine a winner
 Fault - A violation of the playing rules, either in serving, receiving, or during play (see common faults
listed below).
 Flick - A quick wrist and forearm rotation that surprises an opponent by changing an apparently soft
shot into a faster passing one; used primarily on the serve and at the net.
 Forecourt - Front third of the court, between the net and the short service line.
 Kill - Fast, downward shot that cannot be returned; a "put away.
 Let - A legitimate cessation of play to allow a rally to be replayed.
 Long Service Line - In singles, the back boundary line. In doubles a line 2 l/2 feet inside the back
boundary line. The serve may not go past this line.
 Match - A series of games (2 out of 3 games), to determine a winner
LAWS OF BADMENTON
6. THE TOSS
6.1 Before play commences, a toss shall be conducted and the side winning the toss shall exercise the choice in
either Law 6.1.1 or 6.1.2:
6.1.1 to serve or receive first;
6.1.2 to start play at one end of the court or the other.
6.2 The side losing the toss shall then exercise the remaining choice.
7. SCORING SYSTEM
7.1 A match shall consist of the best of three games, unless otherwise arranged (Part II Section 1B
Appendix 2 and 3).
7.2 A game shall be won by the side which first scores 21 points, except as provided in Law 7.4 and 7.5.
7.3 The side winning a rally shall add a point to its score. A side shall win a rally, if the opposing side commits
a ‘fault’ or the shuttle ceases to be in play because it touches the surface of the court inside the opponent’s
court.
7.4 If the score becomes 20-all, the side which gains a two-point lead first, shall win that game.
7.5 If the score becomes 29-all, the side scoring the 30th point shall win that game.
7.6 The side winning a game shall serve first in the next game.
8. CHANGE OF ENDS
8.1 Players shall change ends:
8.1.1 at the end of the first game;
8.1.2 at the end of the second game, if there is to be a third game; and
8.1.3 in the third game when a side first scores 11 points.
8.2 If the ends are not changed as indicated in Law 8.1, it shall be done so as soon as the mistake is discovered
and when the shuttle is not in play. The existing score shall stand.
9. SERVICE
9.1 In a correct service,
9.1.1 neither side shall cause undue delay to the delivery of the service once the server and the receiver are
ready for the service.
9.1.2 on completion of the backward movement of the server’s racket head, any delay in the start of the service
(Law 9.2) shall be considered to be an undue delay;
9.1.3 the server and the receiver shall stand within diagonally opposite service courts without touching the
boundary lines of these service courts;
9.1.3.1 In Para-badminton Wheelchair and Standing Classes playing half-court, Diagram D and F, respectively,
apply.
 9.1.4 some part of both feet of the server and the receiver shall remain in contact with the surface of the court
in a stationary position from the start of the service (Law 9.2) until the service is delivered (Law 9.3);
10. SINGLES
10.1 Serving and receiving courts
10.1.1 The players shall serve from, and receive in, their respective right service courts when the server has not
scored or has scored an even number of points in that game.
10.1.2 The players shall serve from, and receive in, their respective left service courts when the server has
scored an odd number of points in that game.
10.2 Order of play and position on court
10.2.1 In a rally, the shuttle may be hit by the server and the receiver alternately, from any position on that
player’s side of the net, until the shuttle ceases to be in play (Law 15).
10.3 Scoring and serving
10.3.1 If the server wins a rally (Law 7.3), the server shall score a point. The server shall then serve again from
the alternate service court.
10.3.2 If the receiver wins a rally (Law 7.3), the receiver shall score a point. The receiver shall then become the
new server.
12. SERVICE COURT ERRORS
12.1 A service court error has been made when a player:
12.1.1 has served or received out of turn; or
12.1.2 has served or received from the wrong service court;
12.2 If a service court error is discovered, the error shall be corrected and the existing score shall stand.
13. FAULTS
It shall be a ‘fault’:
13.1 if a service is not correct (Law 9.1);
13.2 if, in service, the shuttle:
13.2.1 is caught on the net and remains suspended on its top;
13.2.2 after passing over the net, is caught in the net; or
13.2.3 is hit by the receiver’s partner;
13.3 if in play, the shuttle:
13.3.1 lands outside the boundaries of the court (i.e. not on or within the boundary lines);
13.3.2 fails to pass over the net;
13.3.3 touches the ceiling or side walls;
13.3.4 touches the person or dress of a player;
13.3.5 touches any other object or person outside the court; (Where necessary on account of the structure of the
building, the local badminton authority may, subject to the right of veto of its Member Association, make bye-
laws dealing with cases in which a shuttle touches an obstruction).
13.3.6 is caught and held on the racket and then slung during the execution of a stroke;
13.3.7 is hit twice in succession by the same player. However, a shuttle hitting the head and the stringed area of
the racket in one stroke shall not be a ‘fault’;
13.3.8 is hit by a player and the player’s partner successively; or
13.3.9 touches a player’s racket and does not travel towards the opponent’s court;
13.4 if, in play, a player:
13.4.1 touches the net or its supports with racket, person or dress;
13.4.2 invades an opponent’s court over the net with racket or person except that the striker may follow the
shuttle over the net with the racket in the course of a stroke after the initial point of contact with the shuttle is on
the striker’s side of the net;
13.4.3 invades an opponent’s court under the net with racket or person such that an opponent is obstructed or
distracted; or
13.4.4 obstructs an opponent, i.e. prevents an opponent from making a legal stroke where the shuttle is followed
over the net;
13.4.5 deliberately distracts an opponent by any action such as shouting or making gestures;
13.5 if a player is guilty of flagrant, repeated or persistent offences under Law 16.
14. LETS
14.1‘Let’ shall be called by the umpire, or by a player (if there is no umpire), to halt play.
14.2 It shall be a ‘let”, if:
14.2.1 the server serves before the receiver is ready (Law 9.4);
14.2.2 during service, the receiver and the server are both faulted;
14.2.3 after the service is returned, the shuttle is:
14.2.3.1 caught on the net and remains suspended on its top, or
14.2.3.2 after passing over the net is caught in the net;
14.2.4 during play, the shuttle disintegrates and the base completely separates from the rest of the shuttle;
14.2.5 in the opinion of the umpire, play is disturbed or a player of the opposing side is distracted by a coach;
14.2.6 a line judge is unsighted and the umpire is unable to make a decision; or
14.2.7 any unforeseen or accidental situation has occurred.
14.3 When a ‘let’ occurs, play since the last service shall not count and the player who served last shall serve
again.