Archdiocese of Tuguegarao

LYCEUM OF TUAO
Centro 02, Tuao, Cagayan, 3528
Email address: lyceumoftuao1965@yahoo.com.ph
COLLEGE DEPARTMENT
SUBJECT TITLE and CODE : Physical Education 3 – LOT Sport Mgt-002
Professor : Mr. Allan E. Samonte - 09171231862

Module No. and Name : Module 2 - Functions of the Playing Field

Session No. : 2
Expected time completion : 2 weeks (September 14 – 25)

LEARNING OUTCOMES :
1. Gain knowledge of facilities and rules needed to play Soccer
2. Understand the functions and usage of the different parts of the playing field

CONTENT:
FIELD OF PLAY:
• Rectangular size. Length not more than 130 yrds ( 120 mtrs) nor not less than 100 yrds
(90mtrs.) – this is the Touch Line
• Width not more than 75 mtrs. nor not less than 64 mtrs. This is the Base /Goal Line
• International matches:
Mx. - 110 x75 mtrs
Mn. - 100 x 65 mtrs
• Half way line – mark at the center of the playing field with 10 yrds (9.15 mtrs) radius
circle at the center of the field called the Kick Off Area.
o The Kick Off area is the area used to start the game with a kick off by the
defending team
Field surface
The field of play must be a wholly natural or, if competition rules permit, a wholly
artificial playing surface except where competition rules permit an integrated combination of
artificial and natural materials (hybrid system). The color of artificial surfaces must be green.

Where artificial surfaces are used in competition matches between representative teams of
national football associations affiliated to FIFA or international club competition matches, the
surface must meet the requirements of the FIFA Quality Programme for Football Turf or the
International Match Standard, unless special dispensation is given by The IFAB.

Field markings
The field of play must be rectangular and marked with continuous lines which must not be
dangerous; artificial playing surface material may be used for the field markings on natural fields
if it is not dangerous. These lines belong to the areas of which they are boundaries. Only the
lines indicated in Law 1 are to be marked on the field of play. Where artificial surfaces are used,
other lines are permitted provided they are a different colour and clearly distinguishable from
the football lines. The two longer boundary lines are touchlines. The two shorter lines are goal
lines.

The field of play is divided into two halves by a halfway line, which joins the midpoint of the two
touchlines. The center mark is at the midpoint of the halfway line. A circle with a radius of 9.15m
(10yds) is marked around it. Marks may be made off the field of play 9.15m (10yds) from the
corner arc at right angles to the goal lines and the touchlines. All lines must be of the same
width, which must not be more than 12cm (5ins). The goal lines must be of the same width as
the goalposts and the crossbar.

A player who makes unauthorized marks on the field of play must be cautioned for unsporting
behavior. If the referee notices this being done during the match, the player is cautioned when
the ball next goes out of play.
o Measurements are from the outside of the lines as the lines are part of the area they
enclose.
o The penalty mark is measured from the centre of the mark to the back edge of the goal
line.
 Archdiocese of Tuguegarao
LYCEUM OF TUAO
Centro 02, Tuao, Cagayan, 3528
Email address: lyceumoftuao1965@yahoo.com.ph
COLLEGE DEPARTMENT

GOAL AREA:
The goal area (colloquially the "six-yard box"), consists of the rectangle formed by the
goal-line, two lines starting on the goal-line 5.5 meters (6 yd) from the goalposts and extending
5.5 meters (6 yd) into the pitch from the goal-line, and the line joining these, ie they are a
rectangle 6yds by 20yds.

• Goal
A goal is scored when the whole of the ball passes over the goal line, between
the goalposts and under the crossbar, provided that no offence has been committed by
the team scoring the goal. ... A ball entering a goal from the action of a player defending
that goal is called an own goal.
 Archdiocese of Tuguegarao
LYCEUM OF TUAO
Centro 02, Tuao, Cagayan, 3528
Email address: lyceumoftuao1965@yahoo.com.ph
COLLEGE DEPARTMENT

• Goal Post and Cross Bar (Goal)

o Most not exceed 5 inches (square, rectangular, round, semi-circular or elliptical
shape)
o Painted white
o Cross bar is the bar that connect both post and is at the top most part of the
goal
• Two (2) purpose of the Goal Area:
o To indicate the area in which the Goalkeeper has special protection
o To limit the area in which the ball is placed anywhere in that half of the goal
area nearer to where it crossed the goal line. ( when the ball crosses outside of
the playing field thru the goal line or base line not the goal, the ball is placed
either a corner kick of a through – in but not inside the goal area.
• Goal Line
o Are lines at each end of the playing field of the same width with the goal post
and cross bar.

PENALTY AREA:
Two lines are drawn at right angles to the goal-line, 16.5m (18yds) from the inside of
each goalpost. These lines extend into the field of play for 16.5m (18yds) and are joined by a line
drawn parallel with the goal-line. The area bounded by these lines and the goal-line is the
penalty area.
Within each penalty area, a penalty mark is made 11m (12yds) from the midpoint
between the goalposts.
An arc of a circle with a radius of 9.15m (10yds) from the centre of each penalty mark is
drawn outside the penalty area.
 Archdiocese of Tuguegarao
LYCEUM OF TUAO
Centro 02, Tuao, Cagayan, 3528
Email address: lyceumoftuao1965@yahoo.com.ph
COLLEGE DEPARTMENT
• Purpose of the Penalty Area:
o Indicates that part of the playing field in which any major offenses committed
intentionally by a defending player, a penalty kick is awarded
o Indicates that part of the playing field where the ball may be handled by the
defending player (goalkeeper)
o Indicates the area beyond which the ball must be kicked before it is in play from
a goal kick or from a free kick awarded to the defending side in their own
penalty area.
o When a penalty kick is awarded, only the player awarded the kick and the
goalkeeper are permitted on the field of play within the penalty area

• Penalty Arc

o Not part of the penalty area. Additional area in which encroachment is not
permitted when a penalty kick is being taken.

Corner Flag Post:

The corner area is defined by a quarter circle with a radius of 1m (1yd) from each corner
flag post drawn inside the field of play.

• Must not be less than 5 ft, not pointed at the top. Marks the corners, assist the officials
in deciding whether the ball passing close to the corner has gone over the touch or the
goal line.
• Flag post, at least 1.5m (5ft) high, with a non-pointed top and a flag must be placed at
each corner.
• Flag posts may be placed at each end of the halfway line, at least 1m (1yd) outside the
touchline

The Half way line and the Center circle:

• Purpose of the Halfway line:
o To determine offside – a player cannot be offside if the player is in their own
half of the field at the moment the ball is played. The player of the defensive
side shall remain at the distance of 10 yrds from the kicker until the kick has
been taken.
• Center circle/ Kick off area:
o Kick off – start of the game. Players should remain in their own field until the
place kick has been taken or otherwise an offside will be called.
 Archdiocese of Tuguegarao
LYCEUM OF TUAO
Centro 02, Tuao, Cagayan, 3528
Email address: lyceumoftuao1965@yahoo.com.ph
COLLEGE DEPARTMENT

The Ball

Soccer Ball History

Imagine kicking a skull or pig's bladder around an open field to pass the time. If you lived
in medieval days or even prior to the twentieth century, that's what you may have been doing.

The history of the soccer ball dates back to ancient times. From a couple centuries BC to
about 200 AD, the Chinese used balls made from animal skins in a game called 'tsu chu', in which
players had to pass them through a net stretched between two poles. The ancient Greeks,
Romans, and even the Egyptians are recorded to have enjoyed a similar game that involved
kicking a makeshift ball.

Legend has it, entire villages got involved in a violent game of skull-kicking. And it was
customary to play a game much like hackysack. But instead of using the feet to keep a bean bag aloft,
the object was to keep a pig bladder in the air. Thankfully the soccer ball has evolved.
It wasn't until the twentieth century that most soccer balls were made out of rubber. Charles
Goodyear in 1855 created the first vulcanized rubber soccer ball. Panels similar to that of today's
basketball were glued together at the seams. Before that, the soccer ball game was at the mercy of the
size and shape of the pig's bladder. That presented problems. The ball rarely went where players
intended for it to.
So in 1862 a fellow by the name of H. J. Lindon developed an inflatable rubber bladder. Now the
soccer ball would be easier to kick. And it could endure the regiments of the game without losing its
shape.
Eventually the soccer ball needed an official size and weight. That would be the job of the
English Football Association. In 1872 it described the ball as "spherical with a circumference of 27 to 28
inches" (68.6 cm to 71.1 cm). The weight would be 13-15 oz. Little change was made until 1937, when its weight
increased to 14-16 oz. According to the Law of Football, the ball must also possess an "outer casing of
leather or other approved materials". The only other thing that's changed to this day are the materials
that comprise the soccer ball, and the size and shape of its panels.
Despite its still rather rustic place in the evolution of soccer history, it served the first game on
Nov. 7, 1863, between the Oneida Football Club (the first organized US team) and a team from the
Boston Latin and English Schools. A monument to commemorate the game stands today on Boston
Common where the game was played.
With a few weeks, the soccer ball was ready to be mass produced. That would be the job of two
companies, Mitre and Thomlinson's of Glasgow, which were the first to do this. But standards had to be
upheld. High quality materials and stitching were required to retain the soccer ball's shape and strength,
which cutters and stitches were able to do. Good covers were made from the hide of cow rump, lesser
quality covers would come from the shoulder. Interlocking panels replaced leather sections joined at the
ends of the soccer ball. FIFA standards for a spherical design had to be met, and were.
Modern soccer balls were versatile. In fact James Naismith, inventor of another popular ball
sport, dunked them into peach baskets and called it "basketball".
By the 1900's, soccer's growing popularity demanded that balls be strong enough to withstand
the roughest play. Up until now most soccer balls were made from rubber bladders, and from leather-
covered inner tubes. Covers were constructed of tanned leather carefully hand-stitched together in 18
sections of six panels, with three strips per panel, and with a small slit on one side allowing for an
inflated bladder to be inserted into it.
 Archdiocese of Tuguegarao
LYCEUM OF TUAO
Centro 02, Tuao, Cagayan, 3528
Email address: lyceumoftuao1965@yahoo.com.ph
COLLEGE DEPARTMENT
Hand-crafted soccer balls were a work of art. Problem was, they were neither safe nor reliable.
A team was lucky if a soccer ball made it through a game. And varying grades of leather made choosing
the right ball a strategy unto itself. In fact, it's thought that the outcome of the first World Cup played in
1930 between Argentina and Uruguay had a lot to do with the quality of the soccer ball used by each
team.
The early 1940s was a time of further change in the history of soccer ball. Improvements were
made to strengthen and enhance control of the ball by adding a carcass made from strong materials
inserted between the bladder and the outer casing. Older balls also had a problem with water
absorption. So by coating the soccer ball with synthetic and non-porous materials, balls absorbed less
water. And a new valve replaced the laced slit on the sides of the soccer ball.
In 1951 soccer enjoyed better visibility with the official introduction of the white soccer ball,
although they had already been in use since 1892. The soccer ball was made white simply by
whitewashing the leather. And if a team had a certain propensity for playing soccer in the snow, well
there was even a ball for that. It was orange, rather than white.
And it's on to the synthetic soccer ball made in the 1960s. But it would be 20 more years before
the first soccer ball made entirely out of synthetic materials was manufactured. Such a ball was able to
simulate the quality and feel of leather, but offered a more reliable performance and less water
absorption.
The "Buckeyball", designed by architect R. Buckminster Fuller, lends its name to the evolution of
the synthetic soccer ball. In fact it became the model from which the modern soccer ball is mass-
produced to this day. Twenty hexagonal, and 12 pentagonal pieces were fitted and stitched together to
form a sphere. The black spots designed into it helped players learn how to curve a soccer ball and track
its swerve. FIFA's first World Cup soccer ball, the Adidas Telstar, and the first World Cup Buckminster
model soccer ball were used in Mexico's 1970 World Cup competition.
Developments to the soccer ball's intricate design didn't stop there. Enhancements have
continued into the twenty-first century, and today companies are still researching better designs for
optimal performance while meeting FIFA standards.

Common soccer ball used in the school

• 27.28 inches in circumference. Must be 14-16 ounces (396-453 grms) in weight wit a
pressure equal to 0.6 -0.7 atmosphere or 9.0-10.5 lbs/sq in.

POSITIONS OF THE PLAYERS DURING KICK OFF

 Archdiocese of Tuguegarao
LYCEUM OF TUAO
Centro 02, Tuao, Cagayan, 3528
Email address: lyceumoftuao1965@yahoo.com.ph
COLLEGE DEPARTMENT

The Technical Area

The technical area relates to matches played in stadiums with a designated seated area
for team officials, substitutes and substituted players as outlined below:

• the technical area should only extend 1m (1yd) on either side of the designated seated
area and up to a distance of 1m (1yd) from the touchline
• markings should be used to define the area
• the number of persons permitted to occupy the technical area is defined by the
competition rules
• the occupants of the technical area:

o are identified before the start of the match in accordance with the competition
rules
o must behave in a responsible manner
o must remain within its confines except in special circumstances, e.g. a
physiotherapist/doctor entering the field of play, with the referee’s permission,
to assess an injured player
o only one person at a time is authorized to convey tactical instructions from the
technical area

LEARNING ACTIVITIES:

Using the Following Template in your Learning Activity to be submitted:

Name:________________________________________ Module Number _______Date______________

Contact Number:_____________________Address:___________________________________________________
Answers:

In any paper (yellow or intermediate pad), answer the items from number 1 to 5
1. Define the following terms: (18 pts)
definition should not be taken from the definition in module 1
a) Goalkeeper
b) Throw-in
c) Free Kick
d) Goal Kick
e) Defensive
f) Offensive/attacking
g) Trapping
 Archdiocese of Tuguegarao
LYCEUM OF TUAO
Centro 02, Tuao, Cagayan, 3528
Email address: lyceumoftuao1965@yahoo.com.ph
COLLEGE DEPARTMENT
h) Tackling
i) Stalemate
j) Dribbling
k) Cross
l) Juggling
m) Save
n) Volley
o) Kick
p) Pass
q) Shooting
r) Heading
2. Identify what are the special protections of the Goalkeeper in the Goal Area? (4pts)
3. What are the major offences committed by the defensive team that will award a free kick to
the offensive team? (4 pts)
4. What do you think is the purpose of the corner kick area? (2pts)
5. What would be the penalty given if an offside violation is committed? (2 pts)

Online Activity:
I will identify a word or words (subject matter) and I will randomly pick a name, using your
module , student picked shall identify and or expound further the subject pointed out in module…. So,
PLEASE READ THE MODULE. THIS WILL BE GRADED……

MORE Advisory:
Please read and understand the content of this module and be ready to answer if you will be
drawn/called through online class to be scheduled later. I will announce a week before when will be our
online class using the Google Met platform. Your pass word/code shall be sent through the GC (Teaching
Art in The Elementary Grade) 15 minutes before the start of the online class.
You will earn a maximum of 20 point for your participation/recitation and an automatic 10
points if your present from the start up to the end of the session. If you leave during the session
without authorization your 10 points and recitation score will be forfeited automatically.

Note:
Deadline of this module is 2 weeks after the receipt of the module. Submit only the learning
activities. Keep the module, compile for your future reference.