Table 1 : Mean of ¿ hand grip strength(Men )

xˉ Chart
Right Hand Grip Strength (Men)
160
140
120
100
Mean (xˉ)

80
60
40
20
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
No.Subgroup

Mean (xˉ) Upper Control Limits (UCL)

Lower Control Limits (LCL) Average Mean ( x˭)

Table 2: Range of ¿ hand grip strength(Men)

R Chart
Right Hand Grip Strength (Men)
200

150
Range (R)

100

50

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
No.Subgroup

Range (R) Upper Control Limits (UCL)

Lower Control Limits (LCL) Average Range (R¯)
 Table 3 : Mean of ¿ grip strength( Men)

xˉ Chart
Left Hand Grip Strength (Men)
160
140
120
100
Mean (xˉ)

80
60
40
20
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
No. Subgroup

Mean (xˉ) Upper Control Limits (UCL)

Lower Control Limits (LCL) Average Mean ( x˭)
 Table 4 :
R Chart
Left Hand Grip Strength (Men)
200
150
Range (R)

100
50
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
No.Subgroup

Range (R) Upper Control Limits (UCL)

Lower Control Limits (LCL) Average Range (R¯)
Range of ¿ grip strength(Men )

Table 5 :
xˉ Chart
Right Hand Grip Strength (Women)
100
90
80
70
Mean(xˉ )

60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
No. Subgroup

Mean (xˉ) Upper Control Limits (UCL)

Lower Control Limits (LCL) Average Mean ( x˭)

Mean of ¿ hand grip strength(Women )

 Table 6: Range of ¿ hand grip strength(Women)

R Chart
Right Hand Grip Strength (Women)
120
100
80
Range (R)

60
40
20
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
No.Subgroup

Range (R) Upper Control Limits (UCL)

Lower Control Limits (LCL) Average Range (R¯)
Table 7:
xˉ Chart
Left Hand Grip Strength (Women)
90
80
70
60
Mean(xˉ ) 50
40
30
20
10
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
No.Subgroup

Mean (xˉ) Upper Control Limits (UCL)

Lower Control Limits (LCL) Average Mean ( x˭)
Mean of ¿ grip strength(Women)
 Table 8: Range
R Chart
Left Hand Grip Strength (Women)
120
100
80

Range(R)
60
40
20
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
No.Subgroup

Range (R) Upper Control Limits (UCL)

Lower Control Limits (LCL) Average Range (R¯)
of ¿ strength ¿

k = number of subgroups

n = number of samples in a subgroup

Calculation A₂, D₃ and D₄ are constants based on n

The formula and solution procedure for plotting the graphs of statistical process control will be shown
in this section. The data from Tables 1 and 2 will be utilised in the example solution step below.

Average x́ Chart
´ ∑ x́
Average Mean ( x´¿ ¿=
k
1226.5
= 12
= 102.2
Upper Control Limit (UCL) = ´x́ + A ₂ Ŕ
= 102.2 + 0.577(85.5)
= 151.5
Lower Control Limit (LCL) = ´x́− A ₂ Ŕ
= 102.2 −¿ 0.577(85.5)
= 52.9

Range Chart
R = Max (Xᵢ) – Min (Xᵢ)
= 167 – 91
= 76
∑ Ri
Average Range ( Ŕ ) =
k
1026
=
12
= 85.5

Upper Control Limit (UCL) = D4 Ŕ

= 2.115(85.5)
=180.8

Lower Control Limit (LCL) = D3 Ŕ

= 0(85.5)
=0

Discussion

The purpose of a hand grip strength test is to determine the maximum force
that an individual's forearm muscular capabilities can generate.This method is also
considered as a screening tool to measure the the upper body strength. This method
can also assess the health condition od a particular individual based on the person
ability to achieve the normal hand grip strength.

From the experiment carried out to test the strengh of human grip according
to their group age and sex, it potrays that the grip strengh of human will deplete as
the age increases for both gender. This is due to the muscle condition that
deteriorates as the duration of usage and recovery rate. Other than that, the
diffrence in strength between the righ and left hand of an individual also states that
most indivuals are right handed thus increasing the muscle ability from daily use of
the dominant arm, this can be observed from table 3 and table 4. Also, the result
indicates that men have stronger grip strength compare to women from the same
subgroup.

Hand dynamometer also act as traditional method to evaluate the any

abnormality for the upper body. The abnormality can be refer as upper limb
musculoskeletal disorder, can be identify through the hand grip test by refering to the
average result of a asymptomatic individual. Any indidividual with lower result will
show lower grip strength than the average person thus indicating the abnormality of
the body part. Beside that, the grip strength will also declines based on the working
posture of the arm. Lastly, symptomatic individual will also generate lest strength
compared to an asymptomatic indivdual.