PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO 

Banay-Banay, Cabuyao City, Laguna 
 
COLLEGE OF HEALTH ALLIED SCIENCES 
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING 
 

ACTIVITY 1 – FINALS

A. In Moral Decision Making differentiate the following:

1. Principle of Moral Discernment 

 Discernment refers to the ability to distinguish
moral good from bad, to distinguish moral truth
from wrong, and to have a standard by which to
assess or compare good and terrible things. Moral
discernment refers to the moral beliefs that guide
one's actions and, ultimately, one's life. The person
with moral integrity can lives with consistent of
convictions or believes of themselves. Carter (1996)
defined the people that have moral integrity that
consistent to hold the moral principle, conviction.

2. Principles of Well-formed Conscience 

 Conscience is a mental process in which a person
determines what is right and wrong. As a result,
conscience is something internal to the individual
self. Because each person must evaluate what is
right and wrong for him or herself, your conscience
and mine are not the same. However, conscience is
more than just a collection of personal thoughts and
feelings. Conscience is a judgment or reason based
on a shared understanding of universal truths. All
people may grasp the principles that should guide
human decision because of our shared human
nature.
3. Strategies of Moral Decision-Making Process 
 1) Recognizing your circumstances
 Thinking about origins of problem, individuals
involved, and relevant principles, goals & values;
considering one’s own role in causing and/or
resolving the problem
2) Seeking outside help
 Talking with a supervisor, peer, or institutional
resource, or learning from others’ behaviors in
similar situations
3) Questioning your own and others’ judgment
 Considering problems that people often have with
making ethical decisions, remembering that
decisions are seldom perfect
4) Dealing with emotions
 Assessing and regulating emotional reactions to the
situation
5) Anticipating consequences of actions
 Thinking about many possible outcomes such as
consequences for others, short & long term
outcomes based upon possible decision alternatives
6) Analyzing personal motivations
 Considering one’s own biases, effects of one’s values
and goals, how to explain/justify one’s actions to
others, & questioning ability to make ethical
decisions
7) Considering the effects of actions on others
 Being mindful of others’ perceptions, concerns, and
the impact of your actions on others, socially and
professionally

B. In Meaning and Service Value of Medical Care explain

the following:

1. Allocation of Health Resources 

 Resource allocation is the distribution of resources –

usually financial - among competing groups of
people or programs. Microallocation and
macroallocation are two stages of decision making
 that are widely used to categorize healthcare
allocations. Microallocation is concerned with
decisions involving specific individuals. It frequently
entails "patient selection," or deciding which
patients among those in need of a limited resource,
such as a heart transplant, should be treated.
Microallocation, on the other hand, might often
entail deciding for a specific patient one of
numerous potentially effective therapies to
administer, especially when treatment time is
restricted.
2. Issues Involving Access to Care 
1. Costs and transparency.
2. Consumer experience.
3. Delivery system transformation.
4. Data and analytics.
5. Interoperability/consumer data access.
6. Holistic individual health.
7. Next-generation payment models.
8. Accessible points of care.
9. Healthcare policy.
10. Privacy/security.

C. In Ethical Issues Related to Technology in the

Delivery of Health Care, please do search, read and
explain in your own understanding the Data Privacy
Act of 2012 (RA 10173 series 2012.
 The State's policy is to safeguard the fundamental
human right to privacy and communication while
maintaining the free flow of information necessary
for innovation and growth. The State recognizes the
critical importance of information and
communications technology in nation-building, as
well as its inherent responsibility to ensure that
personal information in government and private
sector information and communications networks is
secure and protected.

REFERENCES
 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4
527650/
 https://www.managedhealthcareexecutive.com/vie
w/biggest-issues-facing-healthcare-today