KINGDOM ANIMALIA

(Tissue)
Eumetazoa
Symmetry
Prazoa
Radiata (Diploblastic) Bilateral (Triptoblastic) Coelom
Porifera Prepared by Dr.Imran
Coelomate Lecturer Biology
Coelentrata (Cnidaria) KIPS
General Characters Acoelomate Pseudocoelomate
No tissue organization.
General characters Platyhelminthes Aschelminthes (Nematoda)
Outer layer pinacoderm. (Pinacocyte)
Inner layer choanoderm Cnidocytes
General characters General Characters Proterostomes Gastropodes
(choanacytes: food ingested) Gastrovascular cavity/enteron.
Between is mesenchyme. Polyps -> gastrozoids (Mouth from Blastopore) Body covered one piece shall
Parasitic mode of life. Pointed ends Asymmetrical
Few mm to more than 1 meter. Medusae-> free swimming (sexual) Few mm(10mm) --> several meters Microscopic > 1meter Example
Spongocoel. Nervous system--> Network of neurons Sac like digestive system.
Water enter the body through ostia. No CNS
Tube like digestive system Annelida Arthropoda Mollusca
Helix aspersa (garden soil)
Flame cells. Limax (the slug)
Water leaves the body through = osculum. Sessile Well developed Nervous system. Parasitic mode of life
No respiratory /No circulodory system. Alternation of generation Respiratory /circulatory system absent. Excretory system present Bivalvia (pelecypoda)
General characters General characters General Characters
Sessile Plymorphism Reproduction sexual (Hermaphrodites) Nerve ring Bilateral symmetry
Adult sponge sessile / larvae move Examples Asexual Sense papillae Metamerically segmented More species than others Second largest group of Invetebrate 2pieces shell = body covered.
Hydra Examples Prostomium = Digestion Segmented body Mantle Plate like gills.
No definite nervous system.
Obelia
Circulatory / Respiratory system absent Appendages tem
Spicules = Skeleton. Dugesia (Planania) Excretion = Nephridia Sys ent Radula Examples
Aurelia (jelly fish) Fasciola hepatica (liver flake) Sexual Reproduction. CNS = well developed cuticle pres Digestive (Tube like)
Asexual = Budding. Internal (gemmules) Mytilus (Marine Mussel)
Actinia (sea anemore) Taenia solium (Tape worm) Examples Close circulatory system Heomocoel Respiratory (Haemocoele) -> gills. Anocluita (freshwater mussel)
External Medrepora (corals) Infestan / Disinfestans Ascaris lumbricoides Respiratory system absent Tube like digestive system Circulatory (open) Astrea (oysten)
Sexual > Hermaphrodite (protandrous) Brachioceranthus. Muscle produced Excretory system=malpigian tube Excretory (nephnidia) Head
Examples Enterobius vermicularis Cephalopoda
Organ of locomotion (setae) Highly developed Nervous system Nervous-> 3 pair of ganglia Food
Sycon, Leucoselania, Euplectella, Spogilla Ancylostoma duodenale Trachea Body
Sexual Reproduction Bilateral symmetry
Classes Colorless Blood Muscular feet Shell reduced/Internal.
Exoskeleton Separate sexes Example:
Separate sexes Loligo (Squid)
Polychaeta Oligochaeta Hirudinea Metamorphosis Sepia (cuttle fish)
Classes = 6
Head with eyes Locomotion Setae Body=fixed number of Classes Octopus
(Palps and eyes) Head not promirat Segments
Sex = separate Hermaphrodite Annuls Deuterostomes (Anus from Blastopore)
Crustacea Insect Archnida Myriapoda
Locomotion Parapodia Example No organ of Locomotion
Examples Lumbricus terrestris Hermaphrodite Two pair of 1pair of antena 2 pair of pedipalps 1 pair of legs /segment
Nereis Pheretima posthuma No distinct head antenna at head Compond eye 4 pair of legs 1 pair antena Echinodermata Hemichordata Chordata
Chaetopterus Earthworm Anticoagulent Secretion One pair of Mendible Separate sexes No antenna eyes
Example 2 pair of Maxilla Example No true jaws Examples General Characters General Characters Characters
Hirudo medicinalis Separate sexes Drogonfly Book lungs Centipeds (Carnivora) Sea bottom (Marine) Combination of Both Notochord
Example Mosquito Separate sexes Millipeds (Herbivores) Mouth lower surface Invertebrate + vertebrate CNS/dorsal
Daphnia Butterfly Example Anus upper surface Pre-chordate Paired gills
Cyclops Moth Scorpion Larval stage = Exhibit Body = Prboscis + Collar + trunk in embryonic life
lateral Circulatory system
Crabs Wasp Spiders symmetry (Median dorsal + Median Ventral Vessel)
Lobsters Bettles Mites sieve like plate Respiratory system = Gill slit
Prawn Ticks =Madriporite Sub-epidermal plexus
Wood louse No brain/ Nerve ring present Nervous system
Separate sexes Examples
Larval resembles chordates Balanoglossus
Examples Saccoglossus
Asterian (star fish)
Sea urchin, Sea cucumber
Cake Urchin, Brittle star, Sea lily

Acrania (Protochordata) No cranium Craniata Cranium is present

Vertebrata
Urochordata Notochord + Nerve chord Cephlochordata Notochord + Nerve chord
Only in free swimming larvae Throughout the life
Adult are sessile (Amphioxus)
and enclosed in covering Leptocardii
=tunic Branchiostoma
Tunicates (Molgula) Super class Pisces (Aquatic) Superclass Tetrapoda (Teretrivial)
(Amphioxus)

Larvacea Ascidiacea Thaliacea Nofoetal

Cyclostomata Nofoetal Chondrichthyes membrane Osteichthyes Nofoetal Cotylosaurs
Oikopleura Ascidia Salpa membrane membrane Amphibia Nofoetal Reptiles Aves Mammalia Varanope
membrane
Most primitive living Cartilaginous Skeleton Bony Skeleton
Double life Ventricle of Heart Archaeopteryx 4 chamber Heart
vertebrates Placoid scales on body No placoid scales Homeotherms
2 pair of Joint legs Incompletely Warm blooded
Without Jaws J-shaped stomach Jaws with or without teeth oviviparous
Bony Skeleton mostly Partitioned Forelimbs wings
Eal like body 5-7 pairs of gills. Swim bladder
Respiration > Lavrae > gills Poikilothermic Syrinx
Scales absent No swim bladder 2 chamber Heart
Adult > Lungs Examples Example
No paired appendages separate sexes. Brain 10 pairs of
3 chamber Heart Lizard Ostrich, Mallard
Heart with one auricle. oviparous, viviparous cranial nerves.
Separate sexes Snake Kiwi, Robin Prototheria Metatheria
Sexes separate Examples Separate sexes Eutheria
Cold blooded (Poikilothermic) Sphenodon Kingfisher, Kestrel
(Hamprey) Shark, Skates egg laying Pouched Placental
Examples. Frog, Toad,
sexes same Rays Example Example Examples
Salamender
(Hermaphrodite, Hag fish) Whale Duck bill Platypus Opossan Man
External fertilization Sting rays Whale
Echidna Kangroo Elephant
Example electric rays (spiny ant-eater) Tasmanian wolf Horse
Lamprey Rat
Hag fish