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KINGDOM ANIMALIA

Protozoa Sir:ZAIN-UL-ABIDEEN Metazoa

- Unicellular organisms Multicellular
-now animals like protists

Eumetazoa Parazoa
True multicellular - Simple multicellular
Tissue formation is present -No tissue formation
e-g- Phylum porifera

Diploblastic Triploblastic
- Body wall is two layered - Body wall is three layered
- Example, coelentrata Ectoderm Mesoderm Endoderm

Acoelomate Coelomate
Pseudocoelomate
- No coelome - True coelome
- untrue coelome
e-g: Platyhelminthes
e-g- Nematode/ ascllementhese
- 1st triploblastic

Protostome Deuteriostome
Mouth forms 1st - Anus 1st
Anus is 2nd organ - Mouth 2nd
Mollusca, Annelida. arthropoda

Echinodermata Hemichordata Chordata

1stdeuterostome No notochord Notochord present
No notochord
Invertebrates

Acraniata/ protochord Craniate

Primitive chordates Vertebrates

Urochordates Cephalochordtes
- Notochord only in embryonic stage Notochord through whole life Fishes Amphibians Reptiles Mammals

Birds

Cyclostomes fishes Cartilaginous fishes Bony fishes

Round mouth No swim bladder Swim bladder
Parasitic fishes No operculum Operculum
Light body Skeleton made of cartilage
Running birds Flying birds
Bisexual phyllums, platyhelmentese & Annelida Heavy body

Asymmetrical= porifera radial symmetrical=coelentrata & adult of Echinodermata Remaining all are bilateral.

phylum porifera/ sponges phylum coelenterate/ cnidarians phylum Platyhelminthes

- Porifera means porus surface - Also called cnidarians - Also called flatworm
- Pores are of 2 types - Digestive cavity is called enteron - 1st triploblastic
- Osteal small and many - Digestion = Intracellular - All are unsegmented Except tapeworm
- Osculer– large and few Extracellular - High regeneration (Planaria)
- Body has two layered surface - Cnidarian cells form nematocyst -> poison - Regeneration absent (tape worm)
- Outer layer ->pinecoderm secreting - All members are endoparasite
- Inner layer->choenoderm - Metamorphosis - Skin -> cuticle
- Pinacoderm has pinacocytes - Larva is plnnula - Mouth -> suckers
- Choanoderm has choanocytes which are - Polymorphism - Digestive systems
flagellated Polyp Medusa Free living (develop)
- Water canal system - Alternation of generation or matagenesis Tape worm (absent)
- Asexual= Budding, Binary fission & Gemmule polyp medusa nematodes (reduced)
formation - Physella pillagical is called portaguiz men of war - Excertion flame cells
- Sexual ->Amoebide cells (speed 12.1 m/s) - Centralized nervous system (ganglia), nerve cards,
- Produces sperm and ovum - nerve
- Skelton is spicules or spongine - 5000 spp bisexual
- mycospongida without skeleton

Sir ZAIN-UL-ABIDEEN Key Points Prepared for Engeecon Academy

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Phylum aschelmenthese Phylum annelida Phylum mollusca

- Largest class of nematode - Metameric segmentation - True coelome (protostomes)
- Pseoudocoelomate - Repetition of organ in each segment. - Soft bodied animals
- Round worm/ unsegmented - Bisexual - Shells around body (calcareous)
- Unisexual/ sexual reproduction - Metamorphoses present - Second largest phylum
- Diamorphism - Larva ->trochophore - 80,000 living spps. 3500 fossils spps.
Male 6-12 inches - 4 to 5 pseudo hearts (pair) (radula)
Female 8-16 inches
- Hemoglobin is in plasma due to which - Muscular tongue raduta
- Sexual organ ->pineal
blood is red. - Single muscular foot
- Motile -> whipping movement
- Excretory organs is nephridia - Blood is colourless in all but blue blood in
- Some members have metamorphosis
- Skin epidermis is moist & glandular octopus and cuttle fish
- Female produces 27 million eggs, 12 1acs/
- Locomotory organs are sets of parapodia - Heamocyanin instead of Heamoglobine
daily
- Respiration through general surface except - Larva glochidum
- No circulatory or reproduction system
neries have gills - External fertilization occurs in gills
- Single heart
Phylum Arthropoda/ Jointed Phylum Echinodermata Hemichordata
- Largest phylum - Spinny skinned/ deutrostoma - Connecting link b/w echinodermates and
- Body is divisible into head, thorax and - Larva bilateral & adult is radial chordates
abdomen symmetrical - Deutrostomes
- Exoskeleton is chitin - Water vascular system - Notochord-> absent
- Blood does not contain - Also called ambulacral system - Larva->tonaria
Oxygen so called hemolymph - Circulatory system is called heamal system Chordates
- Aquatic respire -> gills - Larva is Bipinaria which resemble tornaria Urochordates Cephalochordates
- Terrestrial -> trachea (hemichordata) - Also called - Body-> form of
- Arachnnida-> Book lungs - Digestive system have 10 pairs of pyloric tunicates along pointed rod
- Trachea opens in skin through spirachles cease - Notochord present hence called as sea
- Excretion through malphigian tubles of - Tube feet are present only in embryonic lancelet
green gland (insects) (crustaceans) - Excretion ->amoeboid cells state - Notochord->
- Autotomy in brittle stars - Body covered with present through
- Some are carnivores tunicin the life
- Some are viviparous - Filter feeder
Fishes (Pisces) Amphibians Reptiles Birds (aves) Mammels
- 48% of total - Poikilothermic (cold - True terrestrial - Hollow bone - Body covered with
vertebrate blooded) - 4 chambered heart - Sternum- keel hairs.
- Seven pairs of gills - Fertilization -> external - First invader of land - 4 chambered heart - Nourish their off
- Fibrous cartilage - Larva-> tadpole (live in - Double circuit - Sound box->syrinx spring.
- Sexes-> separates water) circulation - Lungs-> spongy - Varanopes (animal
- Brain-> 10 pairs of - Respire through gills - Extra embryonic - Urinary bladder is absent fossil) recovered from
cranial nerve - 3 chambered heart membranes to reduce weight texas-> 50% reptiles
- Fertilization -> is - Hibernate in winter - Uricotelic - Alveoli –absent - Fertilization-> is
external - Incomplete double - Fertilization is internal - Right ovary is absent internal
- Appendix is reduce circuit circulation - Their ancestors are - oviparous - Mammals-> divided to
form of swim - True aquatic b/c amphibians - uricotelic 3 subclasses
bladder fertilization is in water 1. Prototherian or
- Heart-> 2 chambered monotremats
- Single circuits 2. Metathesis or marsupial
circulation 3. Eutheria or placentation

Sir ZAIN-UL-ABIDEEN Key Points Prepared for Engeecon Academy