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The COVID-19 pandemic is far more than a health crisis: it is affecting
societies and economies at their core. While the impact of the pandemic
will vary from country to country, it will most likely increase poverty
and inequalities at a global scale, making achievement of SDGs even
more urgent (UNDP 2020).
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e¨vsK (GwWwe) cÖKvwkZ GK M‡elYvc‡Î †`Lv †M‡Q ‡h, Dbœqbkxj Gkxq †`k¸wj‡Z ch©Ub,
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1.1| M‡elYvi D‡Ïk¨ I Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni c×wZ

GB M‡elYv cÖeÜwUi g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ‡Z †KvwfW-19 gnvgvix wKfv‡e
cÖfve †d‡j‡Q Ges evsjv‡`‡ki gvbyl I mvgvwRK †cÖÖ¶vcU‡K cwiewZ©Z K‡i‡Q Zvi GKwU
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†KvwfW-19 Gi cÖfve Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| wØZxq As‡k kÖgevRv‡i Ges cwiev‡ii †ÿ‡Î
gnvgvixwU wKfv‡e bvixi Dci cÖfve †d‡j‡Q †mwU ‡RÐvi `„wó‡KvY †_‡K we‡kølY Kiv n‡q‡Q|
GB cÖeÜwU g~jZ †m‡KÛvwi ev †MŠY Drm ‡_‡K Z_¨ msMÖn K‡I †jLv n‡q‡Q| K‡ivbv
gnvgvixKvjxb mg‡q mvgvwRK `~iZ¡ eRvq ivLvi j‡¶¨ cÖv_wgKfv‡e Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv m¤¢e n‡q
D‡Vwb| wewfbœ cÎcwÎKv, mvgvwRK I MYgva¨‡g wbqwgZ cÖPvwiZ msev`, wewfbœ ms¯’vi
M‡elYvcÎ, cÖeÜ, eB, Ges c~e©eZ©x gnvgvix¸‡jvi we‡kølY I gZvg‡Zi Av‡jv‡K GB cÖeÜwU
†jLv n‡q‡Q| mKj Z_¨-DcvË GKvwaKevi hvPvB K‡i msMÖn Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gici Z_¨ we‡kølY
K‡i djvdj I Dcmsnvi †jLv n‡q‡Q| †h‡nZz K‡ivbv gnvgvix GLbI Pjgvb Ges fvBiv‡mi
msµgY †iv‡a gvV ch©v‡qi M‡elYv Lye †ewk †bB, †m‡nZz Z_¨ we‡køl‡Yi mgq †ek wKQy welq
Abygvb K‡i ejv n‡q‡Q| cÖeÜwU‡Z K‡ivbv fvBiv‡mi Av_©-mvgvwRK cwieZ©b¸‡jv †RÐvi
`„wófw½ ‡_‡K ch©‡e¶Y K‡i cieZ©x cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c †bqvi mycvwik Kiv n‡q‡Q|

2| †KvwfW-19 Gi A_©‰bwZK cÖfve

evsjv‡`k we‡k¦i Ab¨Zg me©vwaK Rbeûj †`k| †KvwfW-19 Gi cÖv`yf©v‡ei Kvi‡Y
evsjv‡`k GK wekvj P¨v‡j‡Äi m¤§yLxb n‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`‡k 2019 mv‡ji gv‡P©i 8 Zvwi‡L cÖ_g
†KvwfW 19-Gi †ivMx kbv³ Kiv nq| ¯^v¯’¨ Awa`߇ii Z_¨ Abyhvqx, †m‡Þ¤^i ch©šÍ †`‡k
K‡ivbvq AvµvšÍ †ivMxi msL¨v wQj †gvU 3 jvL 34 nvRvi 762 Rb Ges K‡ivbvq g„‡Zi msL¨v
wQj †gvU 4 nvRvi 668 Rb (cÖ_g Av‡jv 21 †m‡Þ¤^i 2020)| K‡ivbvi cÖ‡Kv‡ci d‡j
evsjv‡`k BwZg‡a¨ ¯^v¯’¨, A_©bxwZ, mvgvwRK, ag©xq I ivR‰bwZK †¶‡Î m¼‡Ui gy‡LvgywL
n‡q‡Q| e¯‘Z †KvwfW-19 †`‡ki A_©bxwZ‡Z Mfxi cÖfve †d‡j‡Q| evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZi Dci
†KvwfW-19 Gi cÖfve wZbwU cÖv_wgK †¶‡Î cwijw¶Z nq: cÖ_gZ, 26 gvP© 2020 mv‡j
evsjv‡`k cÖ_g jKWvDb †NvlYv K‡i hv cieZ©x‡Z cÖZ¨vnvi Kiv nq| 2021 mv‡ji 5 GwcÖj
†_‡K †`‡k wØZxq ev‡ii g‡Zv jKWvDb ïiæ nq| jKWvD‡bi Kvi‡Y †`‡ki ¯’vbxq Drcv`b I
Rvnvb, †gŠ I bvRwbb: evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ I mgv‡Ri Dci †KvwfW-19 Gi cÖfve 177

evwYR¨ n«vm †c‡q‡Q; wØZxqZ, ˆZwi †cvkvK Lv‡Z (AviGgwR) ißvwb nÖvm †c‡q‡Q Ges Z…ZxqZ,
we‡`‡k emevmiZ evsjv‡`kx‡`i cvVv‡bv †iwgU¨vÝ nÖvm †c‡q‡Q (IMF 2020)|
gnvgvix cÖv`yf©v‡ei Av‡M evsjv‡`‡ki †gvUvgywU GKwU w¯’wZkxj A_©‰bwZK Ae¯’v wQj, hv
`vwi`ª¨ I mvgvwRK ˆelg¨ nÖvm Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Q| 2019 mv‡j †hLv‡b wRwWwc cÖe„w× wQj
8.2 kZvsk, 2020 mv‡j G‡m Zv K‡g `vuovq 3.8 kZvs‡k| Abygvb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i †h,
wRwWwc cÖe„w× 2021 mv‡j 4.4 kZvsk Ges 2022 mv‡j 7.9 kZvs‡ki †ewk n‡e bv (Nordea
Trade 2021)| evsjv‡`‡ki kxl©¯’vbxq Dbœqb cÖKí¸wj (†hgb cÙv †mZz, cÙv †ij wjsK,
KY©dzjx †ivW Uv‡bj Ges e„nËi XvKv †UKmB Avievb UÖv݇cvU© cÖKí) Pxb †_‡K ¯^í‡gqvw`
Avw_©K I cÖhyw³MZ mnvqZv jvf K‡i _v‡K| GmKj cÖK‡íi A‡bKUvB gnvgvixRwbZ Kvi‡Y
evavMÖ¯Í n‡q‡Q| Z‡e 2020 mv‡ji 10 wW‡m¤^i 6.15 wK‡jvwgUvi `xN© cÙv eûgzLx †mZzi P‚ovšÍ
¯ú¨vbwU ¯’vcb Ki‡Z evsjv‡`k mdj n‡qwQj (Dhaka Tribune 2020)|
evsjv‡`‡ki wZbwU cÖavb A_©‰bwZK †¶Î, K…wl, wkí I †mev LvZ, hv †`‡ki wRwWwc‡Z
h_vµ‡g 18 kZvsk, 29 kZvsk Ges 53 kZvsk Ae`vb iv‡L, K‡ivbv fvBivm gnvgvix‡Z
weiƒcfv‡e cÖfvweZ n‡q‡Q (Begum et al. 2020) | Gkxq Dbœqb e¨vsK (2020) Gi Z_¨
Abyhvqx, evsjv‡`k Zvi wRwWwc †_‡K cÖvq 3 wewjqb Wjvi nviv‡e Ges K‡ivbvi Kvi‡Y cÖvq 9
wgwjqb gvbyl PvKzix nviv‡e (Begum et al. 2020)|
gnvgvix‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki `z»Pvwliv gvivZ¥Kfv‡e ¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡q‡Q| jKWvD‡bi mgq `ya wewµ
Ki‡Z bv cvivq `y»Pvwliv miKv‡ii Kv‡Q Zvr¶wYK mnvqZv †P‡q‡Q| †`kRz‡o cÖvq 12 †_‡K
15 wgwjqb wjUvi `ya wewµ eÜ n‡q †M‡Q, hv cÖvwšÍK `y»Pvlx‡`i ˆ`wbK 5 wgwjqb UvKvi ¶wZi
m¤§yLxb K‡i‡Q (Begum et al. 2020)| jKWvD‡bi mgq gyiwM I wW‡gi Pvwn`v K‡g hvIqvq
evsjv‡`‡ki †cvwëª evwYR¨ aŸs‡mi gy‡L c‡o‡Q| evsjv‡`k †cvwëª BÛvw÷ªR †m›Uªvj KvDw݇ji
(wewcAvBwmwm) Z_¨ Abyhvqx, †cvwëª Lv‡Z cÖvq 1,150 †KvwU UvKv †_‡K 1,160 †KvwU UvKv
¶wZi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q (Begum et al. 2020) |
gnvgvix PjvKvjxb mg‡q `wi`Öiv AviI `wi`Ö n‡q D‡V‡Q Ges ÔbZzb `wi`ÖÕ Rb‡Mvôxi DÌvb
†`Lv wM‡q‡Q| 2020 mv‡ji †g gv‡m evsjv‡`k Bbw÷wUDU Ae †W‡fjc‡g›U ÷vwWR
(weAvBwWGm) cwiPvwjZ GK mgx¶vq †`Lv †M‡Q †h, †Kvwf‡Wi Kvi‡Y cÖvq 16.4 wgwjqb gvbzl
`vwi`ª¨mxgvi wb‡P P‡j wM‡q‡Q| G‡`i g‡a¨ cÖvq 50 kZvsk †jv‡Ki Avq nÖvm †c‡q‡Q, 20
kZvs‡kiI †ewk †jv‡Ki gvwmK Avq wQj 15,000 UvKvi wb‡P| weAvBwWGm cwiPvwjZ GB
mgx¶vq AviI †`Lv hvq †h, cÖvq 57 kZvsk †jvK e‡j‡Qb †h gnvgvixKvjxb mg‡q Zv‡`i
†Kv‡bv †eZb †bB, 32 kZvsk †jv‡Ki gybvdv nÖvm †c‡q‡Q, Ges gvÎ 11 kZvs‡ki GKwU
w¯’wZkxj Avq wQj (Jamal 2020)|
cvIqvi A¨vÛ cvwU©wm‡ckb wimvP© †m›Uvi (wcwcAviwm) Ges eª¨vK Bbw÷wUDU Ae Mf‡b©Ý
A¨vÛ †W‡fjc‡g›U (weAvBwRwW) Gi †hŠ_ D‡`¨v‡M cwiPvwjZ GK M‡elYv Abymv‡i, 2020 Gi
†deªæqvwi †_‡K GwcÖ‡ji g‡a¨ MÖvgxY gvby‡li ˆ`wbK Avq 79 kZvsk K‡g‡Q| kZKiv nviwU
kû‡i `wi`Ö‡`i g‡a¨ 82 kZvsk| kû‡i `wi`Ö‡`i Lv`¨ ev‡R‡U 47 kZvsk nÖvm †c‡q‡Q Ges
178 evsjv‡`k Dbœqb mgxÿv

MÖvgv‡ji `wi`Ö‡`i g‡a¨ GB nvi 32 kZvsk| eª¨vK cÖKvwkZ GK cÖwZ‡e`‡b †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q
†h, cÖvq 36 kZvsk bMievmxi A_©‰bwZK Ae¯’vi AebwZ n‡q‡Q Ges 3 kZvsk †Kv‡bv †eZb
cvbwb| eª¨vK cwiPvwjZ Av‡iKwU mgx¶vq †`Lv †M‡Q †h, 95 kZvsk cwiev‡ii Avq K‡g wM‡q‡Q
Ges 62 kZvsk †eZbfz³ Kg©Pvix‡K Zv‡`i PvKwi †_‡K eiLv¯Í Kiv n‡q‡Q (Miah et al.
2020)|
evsjv‡`k cwimsL¨vb e¨z‡ivi 2020 Gi †m‡Þ¤^i gv‡m Kiv GK Rwi‡c †`Lv †M‡Q †h,
K‡ivbv fvBivm gnvgvixi Kvi‡Y †`‡k cwievi cÖwZ M‡o 4 nvRvi UvKv K‡i Avq K‡g †M‡Q|
gnvgvixi GB mg‡q Avq K‡g hvIqvq Lvevi MÖn‡Yi cwigvY K‡g †M‡Q 52 kZvs‡ki g‡Zv
cwiev‡ii (wewewm 2020)| K‡ivbvi cÖfve wbgœ kÖgRxex †kÖwYi †jvK‡`i Dci Mfxifv‡e c‡o‡Q
KviY mgv‡Ri D”PweËiv mvgvwRK `~iZ¡ Ae¨vnZ ivL‡Z M„nKg©x ev M„ncwiPvwiKvi wb‡qvM eÜ
K‡i w`‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`k cwimsL¨vb e¨z‡iv (weweGm) cÖKvwkZ GK cÖwZ‡e`b Abymv‡i, 50
†KvwUi †ewk †jvK AcÖvwZôvwbK Lv‡Z K‡g© wbhy³, hv †gvU Rbkw³i cÖvq 85.1 kZvsk|
gnvgvixwUi Kvi‡Y cÖvq 80 kZvsk w`bgRyi Kg©ms¯’vb nvwi‡q †eKvi n‡q c‡o‡Q (Jamal
2020)|
evsjv‡`k Zvi A_©‰bwZK †¶ÎwU‡K P‚ovšÍfv‡e cwiPvjbv Kivi †Póv K‡i‡Q K‡ivbvKvjxb
mg‡q| mv¤cÖwZK wKQz Z_¨ Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e BwZevPK djvdj enb K‡i| wek¦e¨vs‡Ki (2021)
wi‡cvU© Abyhvqx, K…wl‡¶Î, wkí Ges †mevLvZ 2020 mv‡j wRwWwc‡Z h_vµ‡g 12.7 kZvsk,
29.6 kZvsk I 52.8 kZvsk Ae`vb †i‡L‡Q Ges GB LvZ¸wj †gvU Rbkw³i 38 kZvsk,
22 kZvsk I 41 kZvs‡ki Kg©ms¯’v‡bi e¨e¯’v K‡i‡Q (Nordea Trade 2021)| jKWvD‡bi
c‡i evsjv‡`k Zvi A_©bxwZ‡Z †bwZevPK cÖfve Kwg‡q Avbvi †hme †KŠkj Aej¤^b K‡iwQj Zv
BwZevPKfv‡e KvR K‡i‡Q| 2021 mv‡ji †deªæqvwi‡Z `¨ wdbvwÝqvj G·‡cÖ‡m cÖKvwkZ GK
cÖwZ‡e`b Abymv‡i, 2021 G Gwkqvi QqwU mxgvšÍ evRv‡ii g‡a¨ evsjv‡`k I wf‡qZbvg we‡k¦i
`ªæZZg ea©gvb A_©bxwZ wnmv‡e MY¨ n‡e (Mujeri 2021)| IqvwksUbwfwËK B›Uvib¨vkbvj
Bbw÷wUDU Ae dvBb¨vÝ (AvBAvBGd) D‡jøL K‡i‡Q †h, evsjv‡`k 1.0 wUªwjqb UvKviI †ewk
DÏxcbv mieivn K‡i‡Q †`kxq A_©bxwZ‡K DbœxZ Ki‡Z (Mujeri 2021)| GB cÖwZ‡e`b
Abymv‡i, FY m¼‡Ui SzuwK Kg nIqvq GwU evsjv‡`‡ki c‡¶ BwZevPK n‡q‡Q|

2.1| ˆZwi †cvkvKwkí Lv‡Z †KvwfW-19 Gi cÖfve

†`‡ki ißvwb Lv‡Zi 80 kZvskB evsjv‡`‡ki ˆZwi †cvkvKwkí (AviGgwR) †_‡K Av‡m|
evsjv‡`‡ki †cvkvK LvZ cÖwZ eQi cÖvq 32 wewjqb Wjvi g~‡j¨i †cvkvK ißvwb K‡i _v‡K|
we‡k¦i kxl© †cvkvK ißvwbKviK †`k wn‡m‡e Px‡bi c‡iB evsjv‡`‡ki ¯’vb| evsjv‡`‡ki Mv‡g©›Um
wk‡íi Aax‡b cÖvq 4,000 KviLvbv i‡q‡Q †hLv‡b 4 wgwjqb kÖwgK KvR K‡i, hvi †ewki fvMB
bvix kÖwgK (wewewm 2020)|
evsjv‡`‡ki †cvkvK wkí K‡ivbv msK‡U Zxeªfv‡e ¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡q‡Q, hvi d‡j GwcÖ‡ji
cÖ_gv‡a© ißvwb 89 kZvsk nÖvm cvq| 2020 Gi GwcÖ‡ji cÖ_gv‡a© †cvkvK Lv‡Z †gvU 2.3
wewjqb Wjvi AW©vi evwZj Kiv nq| evsjv‡`kx †cvkv‡Ki Ab¨Zg e„nËg ißvwbKvix †`k
Rvnvb, †gŠ I bvRwbb: evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ I mgv‡Ri Dci †KvwfW-19 Gi cÖfve 179

hy³iv‡R¨i eo †Kv¤úvwb¸wj 25 wewjqb Wjv‡ii †cvkv‡Ki AW©vi evwZj K‡i‡Qb (Natir

2020)| cÖvBgvK© QvovI †d«Rvi MÖæc, Iqvjgv‡U©i gvwjKvbvaxb Avm`v, †W‡ebnvgm, wbD jyK I
wdwjc †W‡qi wcKKmmn hy³iv‡R¨i †ewki fvM †cvkvK we‡µZv evsjv‡`wk mieivnKvix‡`i
KvQ †_‡K Zv‡`i †cvkv‡Ki AW©vi evwZj K‡ib|
†cvkvK AW©vi evwZj nIqvq A‡bK †cvkvK Kg©x Zv‡`i PvKwi nvivb| A‡bK †cvkvK
KviLvbv †Kv‡bvI c~e© mZK©Zv QvovB Zv‡`i kÖwgK‡`i PvKzwiPz¨Z K‡i| †cb †÷U BDwbfvwm©wUi
†Møvevj IqvK©vm© ivBUm Ges IqvK©vm© ivBUm Kb‡mvwU©qvg (WvweøDAviwm) KZ…©K cÖKvwkZ GK
cÖwZ‡e`b Abyhvqx, AW©vi evwZ‡ji Kvi‡Y evsjv‡`‡k GK wgwjq‡biI †ewk †cvkvK kÖwg‡Ki
PvKzwi P‡j †M‡Q| 25 †k gvP© 2020-G evsjv‡`k miKvi †cvkvK kÖwgK‡`i gRzwi eve` 588
wgwjqb Wjv‡ii Dbœqb c¨v‡KR Ges †ejAvD‡Ui Rb¨ 77,750 †KvwU UvKvi dvÐ †NvlYv K‡i |
GB c¨v‡KRwU kÖwgK‡`i Rb¨ †Kej GK gv‡mi †eZ‡bi ms¯’vb Ki‡Z cv‡i| GwU Qvov kÖwgK‡`i
Rb¨ miKvi KZ©…K cÖ‡`q †Kv‡bv myi¶v bxwZ †bB †hLv‡b Zviv wbf©i Ki‡Z cv‡i (Siddiqi
2020)|

†`‡ki evwYR¨gš¿x‡K D×…Z K‡i ejv n‡q‡Q, Ôevsjv‡`‡ki †cvkvK Lv‡Z 2.6 wewjqb
Wjv‡ii †ewk AW©vi cÖZ¨vnvi Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges bZzb evwZjKiY Avm‡Q (Begum et al. 2020)|
evsjv‡`k Mv‡g©›Um g¨vbyd¨vKPvivm© A¨vÛ G·‡cvU©vm© A¨v‡mvwm‡qkb (wewRGgBG) Rvwb‡q‡Q †h,
cÖvq 2.67 wewjqb Wjv‡ii Drcv`b ev 828 wgwjqb †cvkv‡Ki AW©vi evwZj Kiv n‡q‡Q| A‡bK
KviLvbv eÜ n‡q †M‡Q hv cÖvq 1.96 wgwjqb gvby‡li Rxeb‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i‡Q (Begum et al.
2020)|

2020 mv‡ji A‡±ve‡i †m›Uvi di cwjwm Wvqj‡Mi (wmwcwW) cÖKvwkZ GK Rwi‡ci Z_¨
Abymv‡i, ˆZwi †cvkvK (AviGgwR) KviLvbv¸wj gvP© †_‡K A‡±ve‡ii g‡a¨ Zv‡`i Rbkw³i 8
kZvsk Kwg‡q †`q| Avi PvKwi nviv‡bv †cvkvK Kg©x‡`i g‡a¨ bvix‡`i msL¨v 61 kZvsk|
†KvwfW-19 ïiæ nIqvi Av‡M ˆZwi †cvkvK KviLvbvq gwnjv‡`i mvgwMÖK AbycvZ wQj 62
kZvsk| GwU GLb K‡g `uvwo‡q‡Q 57 kZvs‡k (Ahmed 2021)|
†cvkvK wk‡íi †¶‡Î evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii cÖavb †KŠkjwU wQj fvBiv‡mi we¯Ívi †VKv‡Z
mvgwqKfv‡e †cvkvK KviLvbv¸wj eÜ K‡i †`Iqv| cieZ©x‡Z †cvkvK wkí i¶vi cÖqv‡m miKvi
KviLvbv¸wj †Lvjvi wm×všÍ wb‡q‡Q| e¨emvqx, Kg©xiv Ges KviLvbvi gvwjKiv GB wm×v‡šÍi
cÖksmv Ki‡jI gvbevwaKvi Kg©xiv GB wm×v‡šÍi mgv‡jvPbv K‡i| Zviv KviLvbvi kÖwgK‡`i
AviI †ewk myi¶v wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ miKvi‡K Aby‡iva K‡iwQ‡jb|
†cvkvK wk‡í †KvwfW-19 cÖ_g AvNvZ nv‡b AW©vi evwZj I wejw¤^Z A_© cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g|
GB wk‡íi Rb¨ miKvwi D‡`¨v‡M gRzwi mnvqZv FY Ges DÏxcbv c¨v‡KR evov‡bv, ißvwb Dbœqb
Znwej mnR Kiv Ges e¨vK-Uz-e¨vK Avg`vwb cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ GKK cy‡j ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªv a‡i ivLv,
ißvwb Avq Av`vq Ges FY †kÖwYe×KiY‡K ¯’wMZKi‡Yi e¨e¯’v †bqv nq| GB miKvwi D‡`¨vM¸wj
†cvkvK wkí‡K K‡ivbvi cÖ_g Zi‡½i cÖfve‡K cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Q (Huq 2021)|
180 evsjv‡`k Dbœqb mgxÿv

evsjv‡`k Mv‡g©›Um g¨vbyd¨vKPvivivm© A¨vÛ G·‡cvU©vim A¨v‡mvwm‡qkvb (wewRGgB) Gi

mfvcwZ 2020 mv‡ji P‚ovšÍ †KvqvU©v‡i K‡ivbvi wØZxq AvNv‡Zi cUf‚wg D‡jøL K‡i e‡jb †h,
†cvkvK wk‡íi cwiw¯’wZ AviI Lvivc n‡q‡Q (Huq 2021)| 2020 mv‡ji A‡±vei gv‡m Mv‡g©›Um
†m±‡i ißvwb 7.78 kZvsk nÖvm †c‡q‡Q| MZ eQi evwl©K ißvwbi cwigvY K‡g‡Q cÖvq 16.94
kZvsk (Huq 2021)| eZ©gv‡b ißvwbi †¶‡Î `vg nÖvm †c‡q‡Q Ges AW©vi †cøm‡g›U¸wj axi Kiv
n‡q‡Q| BwZg‡a¨ cÖ_g Zi‡½i Avµg‡Y RR©wiZ nIqvq GB wkíwU‡K i¶v Kiv `iKvi| GB
LvZwUi czbM©Vb n‡j j¶ j¶ kÖwgK GKwU w¯’wZkxj Rxe‡bi wbðqZv cv‡e|

2.2| Awfevmx kÖwgK Ges †iwgU¨v‡Ýi Dci K‡ivbvi cÖfve

ˆZwi †cvkvK wkí Lv‡Z ißvwb Av‡qi 6 wewjqb Wjvi †jvKmvb nIqvi c‡i evsjv‡`k
AviI AwbðqZvq Wz‡e †M‡Q (Rashid 2020)| †cvkvK wkí QvovI A_©bxwZi Rb¨ wØZxq av°vwU
G‡m‡Q †iwgU¨vÝ cÖev‡n e¨vNvZ †_‡K| †iwgU¨v݇K evsjv‡`‡ki A‡bK MÖvgxY cwiev‡ii jvBd
jvBb wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq| GwU‡K evsjv‡`‡ki †cvkvK Lv‡Zi c‡iB wØZxq m‡e©v”P
ˆe‡`wkK gy`Öv Av‡qi Drm wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq, hv cÖvq 40 kZvsk| †iwgU¨vÝ LvZ †`‡ki
wRwWwc‡Z cÖvq 8.8 kZvsk ms‡hvRb K‡i Ges RvZxq Avq, mvgwóK A_©‰bwZK w¯’wZkxjZv I
†`‡ki `vwi`ª¨ nÖv‡m ¸iæZ¡c‚Y© Ae`vb iv‡L (Rashid 2020)|
Awfevmb g‚jZ †eKviZ¡ nÖvm Ges †iwgU¨vÝ cÖevn‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i Ges RvZxq A_©bxwZ‡Z
†K›`Öxq f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i| kiYv_©x I Awfevmx Av‡›`vjb M‡elYv BDwbU (ivgiæ) A_©bxwZ‡Z
Zv‡`i `z`©všÍ Ae`v‡bi Rb¨ ÔAwfevmx Kg©x‡`iÕ Ô†mvbvi gvbylÕ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Q| evsjv‡`k
e¨vs‡Ki †`Iqv 2019 I 2020 mv‡ji gvP© gv‡m †iwgU¨vÝ cÖev‡ni Z‡_¨i Zzjbv K‡i GKwU ¯úó
wbgœMvgx cÖevn †`Lv wM‡q‡Q| wewfbœ †`‡k cÖvq 11.38 kZvsk Awfevmx Kg©x Zv‡`i PvKwi
nviv‡”Qb hv Avmbœ gvm¸wj‡Z e„w× cv‡e e‡j Avkv Kiv n‡”Q (Rashid 2020)|
Rbkw³, Kg©ms¯’vb I cÖwk¶Y e¨z‡ivi (weGgBwU) g‡Z, cÖwZ gv‡m cÖvq 60,000 evsjv‡`kx
PvKwii mÜv‡b we‡`‡k hvq (Rashid 2020)| gnvgvix hZ †ewkw`b ¯’vqx n‡e, we‡`‡k hvIqvi
A‡c¶vi mgqI ZZ evo‡Z cv‡i| evsjv‡`k A¨v‡mvwm‡qkb Ae B›Uvib¨vkbvj wiµzwUs G‡RwÝi
(weGAvBAviG) g‡Z, cÖvq †`o †_‡K `yB wgwjqb kÖwgK 2020 Gi †g gv‡mi Av‡M MZ wZb
gv‡m Awfevmx nIqvi cÖwµqvwU m¤úbœ K‡iwQ‡jb Ges Zviv †`k Qvovi A‡c¶vq wQ‡jb (Rashid
2020)| †KvwfW m¼‡Ui Kvi‡Y DbœZ †`k¸wj Zv‡`i PvKwii evRv‡i wKQzUv wewawb‡la ˆZwi
K‡i‡Q| hvi d‡j A‡bK Awfevmx kÖwgK Zv‡`i PvKwi nvivb Ges †`‡k wd‡i Av‡mb|
wek¦e¨vs‡Ki GK cÖwZ‡e`b Abymv‡i, evsjv‡`k‡K µgea©gvb ¯^‡`k cÖZ¨vevmx kÖg Awfevmx‡`i‡K
MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e, hv Avevi †`‡k †eKvi‡Z¡i nvi evwo‡q w`‡Z cv‡i|
evsjv‡`k e¨vs‡Ki me©‡kl Z_¨ Abymv‡i, 2021 mv‡ji †deªæqvwi‡Z 1.78 wewjqb Wjv‡ii
†iwgU¨vÝ †`‡k G‡mwQj, hv c~e©eZ©x gv‡mi Zzjbvq 9.2 kZvsk Kg wQj (Dhaka Tribune
2021)| †deªæqvwi †_‡K GwcÖj ch©šÍ †iwgU¨v‡Ýi cÖevn Kg‡jI †g gv‡mi c‡i †_‡K Zv †e‡o‡Q|
Rvnvb, †gŠ I bvRwbb: evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ I mgv‡Ri Dci †KvwfW-19 Gi cÖfve 181

†iwgU¨v‡Ýi µgea©gvb cÖev‡ni mv‡_ 25 †deªæqvwi 2021 G †`‡ki ˆe‡`wkK gz`Övi wiRvf©
444.03 wewjqb Wjv‡i †cŠu‡Q‡Q (Dhaka Tribune 2021)|

3| †KvwfW-19 Gi †RÐvi Zvrch©

†n‡jb jyBm Zuvi iwPZ MÖš’ “Difficult Women: A Historz of Feminism in 11 Fights” G
hyw³ w`‡q‡Qb †h, †h‡Kv‡bv gnvgvix cyiæl I bvix‡`i‡K wfbœfv‡e cÖfvweZ K‡i| G‡¶‡Î
DBwjqvg †k·wcqvi Ges AvBRvK wbDU‡bi bvg D‡jøL Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i hviv 1660 mv‡j
Bsj¨v‡Û †cø‡Mi cÖv`zf©v‡ei mgq Zv‡`i me‡P‡q fv‡jv KvR K‡iwQ‡jb| †n‡jb D‡jøL K‡ib †h,
cyiæl e¨w³iv Zv‡`i mgq‡K e¨envi Ki‡Z cv‡i m„Rbkxj Kv‡R KviY Zv‡`i mšÍvb‡`i
jvjbcvjb I hZœ †bIqvmn †Kv‡bvI M„n¯’vwj I †mevg~jK Kv‡Ri `vwqZ¡ wb‡Z nq bv| †k·wcqvi
†cø‡Mi mgq jÛ‡b GKv _vK‡Zb, Zuvi ¯¿x I `yB Kb¨v †cø‡Mi mgq IqviDBKkvqv‡i Ae¯’vb
KiwQ‡jb| wbDUb GB mgqUv‡Z AweevwnZ wQ‡jb|
K‡ivbvKvjxb mg‡q evsjv‡`‡ki mvgvwRK I A_©‰bwZK m¼U‡K †RÐvi `„wó‡KvY †_‡K
ch©‡e¶Y Ki‡j eZ©gvb cwiw¯’wZi AviI RwUjiƒc cwijw¶Z nq| K‡ivbv msKU evsjv‡`kx
bvix‡`i Dci D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cÖfve †d‡j‡Q Ges kÖgevRvi I M„n Dfq‡¶‡ÎB †RÐvi m¤úK©‡K
cwiewZ©Z K‡i‡Q| Riæwi Ae¯’vi g‡a¨ †ewki fvM AvBwb cÖwZôvb eÜ _vKvq bvixiv GKwU
AwbwðZ fwel¨‡Zi gy‡LvgywL c‡o‡Q| jKWvDb ïiæ nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ GwU `wi`Ö kÖgRxex
mgv‡Ri bvix‡`i, we‡kl K‡i Mf©eZx bvix I wkï‡`i P‚ovšÍfv‡e cÖfvweZ K‡i‡Q| Mf©eZx bvix
Ges wkïiv Lv`¨ I cywó msK‡U c‡o‡Q, hv gv I wkï‡`i g„Zz¨i nvi evwo‡q Zz‡j‡Q (cÖ_g
Av‡jv, 30 RyjvB, 2020)|

3.1| kÖgevRv‡i gwnjv‡`i AskMÖnY

wek¦e¨vcx cyiæl‡`i Zzjbvq bvixiv †ewk PvKwi nvwi‡q‡Qb| wmwUAvB e¨vs‡Ki GK cÖwZ‡e`‡b
ejv n‡q‡Q, AbvbyôvwbK PvKwi Lv‡Z 44 wgwjqb kÖwg‡Ki g‡a¨ 31 wgwjqb bvix m¤¢eZ Zv‡`i
PvKwi nviv‡eb (weR‡bm BbmvBWvi, 25 gvP©, 2020)| evsjv‡`‡ki jKWvDbwU wbgœ kÖgRxex
Rb‡Mvôx‡K weiƒcfv‡e cÖfvweZ K‡i‡Q| evsjv‡`‡ki kÖgevRv‡i mvaviYfv‡eB bvix‡`i
AskMÖn‡Yi nvi Kg| 2020 mv‡j kÖgevRv‡i cyiæl‡`i AskMÖnY wQj 84 kZvsk, bvix‡`i gvÎ
36.4 kZvsk (Mujeri 2021)| K‡ivbvKvjxb mg‡q jKWvD‡bi Kvi‡Y kÖg evRv‡i bvix‡`i
AskMÖn‡Yi nvi AviI K‡g wM‡q‡Q| ˆZwi †cvkvK Lv‡Z wecyj msL¨K †cvkvK AW©vi evwZj
nIqvq A‡bK bvix kÖwgK PvKwi nvwi‡q‡Qb|
wek¦ evwYR¨ms¯’v (WweøDwUI) Gi g‡Z, †KvwfW-19 gnvgvixRwbZ Kvi‡Y evwYwR¨K Lv‡Z
cyiæl‡`i Zzjbvq bvixiv †ewk ¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡q‡Qb| Gi Ab¨Zg KviY nj gnvgvix Øviv we‡klfv‡e
¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡q‡Q †h LvZ ev ms¯’v¸‡jv, †hgb ‡U·UvBj, †cvkvK, RyZv I †Uwj‡hvMv‡hvM, †mLv‡b
bvix‡`i GK weivU Ask KvR K‡i (WweøDwUI 2020)| bvixiv cyiæl‡`i †P‡q Kg DcvR©b Kivq
Zv bvix‡`i g‡a¨ `vwi`ª¨Zv‡K AviI evwo‡q Zz‡j‡Q (WTO 2020)|
182 evsjv‡`k Dbœqb mgxÿv

BDGbGdwcG, BDGb-DB‡gb Ges weÖwUk †gwW‡Kj Rvb©v‡ji mgx¶vi djvdj Abymv‡i,

K‡ivbvi cÖfv‡e AvbyôvwbKLv‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki bvix‡`i Kv‡Ri my‡hvM K‡g‡Q 81 kZvsk,
cyiæl‡`i †¶‡Î GB nvi 14 kZvsk| GgbwK AbvbyôvwbK Lv‡Z 24 kZvsk bvix KvR Kivi
my‡hvM nvwi‡q‡Qb| Drcv`bkxj Lv‡Z Kg©ms¯’vb K‡g hvIqvq cÖvq 37 kZvsk bvix SzuwKi g‡a¨
c‡o‡Qb, hv cyiæ‡li †¶‡Î 26 kZvsk| m‡e©vcwi, wbgœ I ga¨g Av‡qi †`k¸wj‡Z, 10 kZvsk
bvix cwi‡mev LvZ¸‡jv‡Z evwYR¨ we‡Nœi Kvi‡Y SzuwKi m¤§yLxb n‡q‡Qb, hv cyiæl‡`i †¶‡Î gvÎ
6 kZvsk (Ahmed 2021)| †mevLvZ, †hgb ch©Ub Ges ågY cwi‡mev wk‡í, bvix‡`i AskMÖnY
cyiæl‡`i †P‡qI †ewk, Ges K‡ivbv gnvgvix‡Z ågY wewawb‡la Zv‡`i Av‡qi Drm eÜ K‡i
w`‡q‡Q| bvix‡`i Av‡qi my‡hvM nÖv‡mi †¶‡Î we`¨vjq eÜ Ges wkï h‡Zœi ms¯’v¸‡jv A¯’vqxfv‡e
eÜ nIqv D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cÖfve †d‡j‡Q| G mKj Kvi‡Y bvix‡`i Zv‡`i Kv‡Ri mgqm~wP‡Z †hgb
cwieZ©b Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q, †Zgb Zv‡`i Kv‡Ri mgq nÖvm Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q| cvkvcvwk Zv‡`i M„n¯’vwj
I †mevKv‡Ri cwigv‡Y e„w× †c‡q‡Q|
bvix gvwjKvbvaxb ev cwiPvwjZ ms¯’v¸wji GKwU eo Ask n‡jv ¶z`Ö I gvSvwi AvKv‡ii
D‡`¨vM (GgGmGgB)| wbgœ¯Í‡ii Avw_©K ms¯’vb Ges miKvwi Znwe‡ji mxwgZ mz‡hvM-mzweavi
Kvi‡Y G ai‡Yi e¨emv¸‡jv‡Z SzuwKi nvi e„w× †c‡q‡Q| KzwUi, AwZÿz`ª, ¶z`Ö I gvSvwi
D‡`¨v‡Mi (wmGgGmGgB) Rb¨ evsjv‡`k miKvi 200 wewjqb UvKvi cÖ‡Yv`bv c¨v‡KR †NvlYv
K‡i, hvi g‡a¨ gvÎ 5 kZvsk gwnjv‡`i Rb¨ eivÏ Kiv n‡qwQj| GmGgB dvD‡Ûkb 2020
mv‡ji GwcÖj-wW‡m¤^i gv‡m 220 wgwjqb UvKvi FY weZiY K‡i| Z‡e 282 Rb FY
MÖnYKvix‡`i g‡a¨ gvÎ 5 Rb gwnjv wQ‡jb (Ahmed 2021)| MZ eQ‡ii A‡±ve‡i eª¨v‡Ki
cÖKvwkZ c„_K M‡elYv cÖwZ‡e`‡b ejv n‡q‡Q, bvix D‡`¨v³v I kÖwgK‡`i g‡a¨ 1 kZvsk
miKv‡ii †`Iqv cÖ‡Yv`bv c¨v‡KR m¤ú‡K© †Kv‡bv aviYv iv‡Lbwb, 44 kZvsk c¨v‡K‡Ri AvIZvq
FY MÖn‡Yi †Póv K‡iwQ‡jb Ges evKx e¨w³iv nqivwbi f‡q Zv Kiv †_‡K weiZ wQ‡jb (Ahmed
2021)|
†KvwfW-19 gnvgvixwU MÖvgxY bvix D‡`¨v³v‡`iI eo msK‡U †d‡j‡Q, hvi g‡a¨ 80 kZvsk
D‡`¨v³vi gnvgvixKvjxb mg‡q †Kv‡bvI Avq nqwb| †Kv‡bvI Avq Qvov †QvU e¨emvqx D‡`¨v³viv
evuPvi ZvwM‡` Zv‡`i †ewki fvM mÂq LiP K‡i F‡Yi Rv‡j Rwo‡q c‡o‡Qb| hw` cwiw¯’wZ
AviI Lvivc n‡q hvq, D‡`¨v³v‡`i A‡bK‡KB Zv‡`i Av‡Mi M„wnYx f‚wgKvq wd‡i †h‡Z n‡Z
cv‡i| GwU MÖvgxY bvix‡`i A_©‰bwZK weKvk‡K evavMÖ¯Í Ki‡e|

3.2| †g‡q wkï‡`i we`¨vjq †_‡K S‡i covi nvi Ges evj¨weevn e„w×
†`‡k gnvgvix Qwo‡q covi ci gvP© †_‡K ¯‹zj-K‡jRmn mKj wkÿv cÖwZôvb eÜ i‡q‡Q|
fwel¨‡Z hLb we`¨vjq¸wj Pvjy n‡e, ZLb LyeB `wi`Ö I kÖgRxex cwievi¸wji wkïiv ¯‹z‡j wd‡i
bv Avmvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q KviY Zv‡`i A‡b‡KB †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ wkï kÖwgK wn‡m‡e KvR ïiæ
Ki‡e (ˆ`wbK cÖ_g Av‡jv, 3 RzjvB, 2020)| aviYv Kiv n‡”Q †h, ¯‹zjMvgx wkï‡`i g‡a¨ S‡i
covi nvi evo‡e Ges m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q †h Zv‡`i †ewki fvMB †g‡q wkï n‡e| Av‡qi Afve Ges
`vwi‡`ª¨i nvi e„w×i d‡j A‡bK cwievi †g‡q wkï‡`i †jLvcovi e¨q enb Ki‡Z m¶g n‡e bv|
Rvnvb, †gŠ I bvRwbb: evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ I mgv‡Ri Dci †KvwfW-19 Gi cÖfve 183

hvi dj¯^iƒc evj¨weev‡ni msL¨v †e‡o hvIqvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q| BDwb‡md evsjv‡`k Gi wi‡cvU©
Abyhvqx, †KvwfW-19 Gi Kvi‡Y cÖvq 1 †KvwU †g‡q wkï evj¨weev‡ni SzuwK‡Z i‡q‡Q (UNICEF
Bangladesh 2021)| myZivs evsjv‡`k AZx‡Z evj¨weevn †iv‡a †h mdjZv †c‡qwQj Zv
fwel¨‡Z nviv‡bvi SzuwK i‡q‡Q |

3.3| bvix †bZ…Z¡vaxb cwiev‡ii Dci cÖfve

K‡ivbvi Kvi‡Y cÖwZwU cwievi A_©‰bwZK ¶wZi m¤§zLxb n‡jI bvix †bZ…Z¡vaxb cwievi¸wj
cyiæl †bZ…Z¡vaxb cwievi¸wji †P‡q †ewk AwbðqZvi m¤§yLxb n‡”Q| eª¨v‡Ki GK cÖwZ‡e`‡b ejv
n‡q‡Q †h, bvix †bZ…Z¡vaxb cwievi¸wji Av‡qi 80 kZvsk K‡g wM‡q‡Q, †hLv‡b cyiæl †bZ…Z¡vaxb
cwievi¸wji Avq K‡g‡Q 75 kZvsk (Miah et al. 2020)| bvix †bZ…Z¡vaxb cwiev‡ii 57
kZvs‡ki Avq nÖvm †c‡q cÖvq k~‡b¨ `vuwo‡q‡Q, †hwU cyiæl †bZ…Z¡vaxb cwiev‡i 49 kZvsk| cÖvq
90 kZvsk bvix †bZ…Z¡vaxb cwiev‡i Lv`¨ ev Avw_©K I gvbweK mnvqZv cÖ‡qvRb| AvVv‡iv kZvsk
cziæl †bZ…Z¡vaxb cwiev‡ii Zzjbvq 21 kZvsk bvix †bZ…Z¡vaxb cwiev‡ii m`m¨ e‡j‡Qb †h,
Zv‡`i RxebhvÎvi e¨q wbe©vn Kivi ¶gZv GK mßv‡ni †ewk n‡e bv| cyiæl-‡bZ…Z¡vaxb cwiev‡ii
g‡a¨ 25 kZvs‡k Ges bvix †bZ…Z¡vaxb cwiev‡ii 30 kZvsk fwel¨r wb‡q AwbðqZvi g‡a¨
i‡q‡Q| A_©vr GB mKj Z‡_¨i wfwˇZ ejv hvq †h, †hLv‡b mKj cwieviB msK‡Ui m¤§zLxb
n‡”Q, †mLv‡b bvix †bZ…Z¡vaxb cwievi¸‡jvi Avq msµvšÍ msK‡Ui gvÎv AviI fqven|

3.4| M„n¯’vwj, †mev I A‰eZwbK Kv‡Ri fvi

we‡k¦i A_©bxwZ Ges gvby‡li RxebhvÎv cÖvqkB bvixi A‰eZwbK Kv‡Ri Dci wbf©i K‡i|
gnvgvixi Av‡M wek¦e¨vcx bvixiv A‰eZwbK M„n¯’vwj Kv‡Ri `yB Z…Zxqvsk cvjb Ki‡Zb (UN
Women 2020)| evsjv‡`‡ki †cÖ¶vc‡U jKWvDb, mvgvwRK `~i‡Z¡i e¨e¯’v Ges ¯‹zj eÜ K‡i
†`Iqvi Kvi‡Y bvix‡`i Dci AwZwi³ Pvc m„wó n‡q‡Q| 2020 mv‡ji gvP© gv‡mi g‡a¨ ¯‹zj
K‡jR eÜ n‡q hvIqv cÖvq 42 wgwjqb wk¶v_©x N‡i Ae¯’vb K‡i| G‡Z K‡i bvix‡`i Dci
M„n¯’vwj KvR Ges wkï h‡Zœi Rb¨ AwZwi³ Pvc c‡o‡Q (UNICEF 2020)| eª¨vK cwiPvwjZ
Rwic Abymv‡i, gnvgvix PjvKvjxb mg‡q 91 kZvsk bvixi A‰eZwbK Kv‡Ri cwigvY †e‡o‡Q
(ˆ`wbK cÖ_g Av‡jv, 7 Rzb, 2020)| cÖvq 89 kZvsk gwnjv †Kv‡bvI Aemi mgq cvb bv| ¯‹zj
eÜ nIqvq †hme †g‡q wkïi †QvU fvB‡evb Av‡Q Zv‡`iI A‰eZwbK Kv‡Ri cwigvY †e‡o
wM‡q‡Q| BDGb I‡g‡bi Ô†KvwfW-19 evsjv‡`k i¨vwcW †RÐvi we‡kølYÕ kxl©K GK cÖwZ‡e`b
Abymv‡i, jKWvDb mgqwU gwnjv‡`i evwo‡Z _vKvi Rxeb‡K AviI KiæY K‡i Zz‡j‡Q, bvix‡`i
†fvMvwšÍ evwo‡q Zz‡j‡Q Ges G‡Z wj½wfwËK ˆelg¨ e„w× †c‡q‡Q| cÖwZ‡e`‡b AviI ejv n‡q‡Q
†h, gnvgvixi Av‡M gwnjviv N‡ii cyiæl‡`i Zzjbvq 3.43 ¸Y †ewk KvR K‡i‡Qb| †h‡nZz
¯‹zj¸wj GLb eÜ i‡q‡Q Ges cwiev‡ii mg¯Í m`m¨ evwo‡Z i‡q‡Qb, gnvgvix nIqvi c‡i
gwnjv‡`i A‰eZwbK KvR¸wj †e‡o †M‡Q|
jKWvDb cyiæl Ges gwnjv‡`i Rb¨ c„_K djvdj wb‡q G‡m‡Q| A‡bK cyiæl M„nK‡g©i KvR
fvM K‡i †bIqvi Rb¨ GwM‡q G‡m‡Qb, wKš‘ jKWvD‡bi mgq †ewkifvM M„n¯’vwj KvR m¤úv`b
184 evsjv‡`k Dbœqb mgxÿv

K‡i‡Qb gwnjviv| cyiæliv N‡i _vKvi my‡hvMwU Kv‡R jvwM‡q m„Rbkxj I k‡Li Kv‡R g‡bvwb‡ek
K‡i‡Qb, †hgb KweZv Ges †QvU Mí †jLv Ges †dmey‡K jvB‡f †hvM`vb| Ab¨w`‡K bvixiv
†Kv‡bvI k‡Li Rb¨ e¨q Kivi mgq Lye KgB cvb| gnvgvix PjvKvjxb mg‡q †Kv‡bvI M„nKg©xi
mnvqZv bv _vKvq kÖgRxex gwnjv‡`i ivbœv Kiv, cwi®‹vi Kiv, wkï I e„ׇ`i hZœ †bIqv mn mKj
M„n¯’vjxi Kv‡Ri `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z nq| kÖgRxex gwnjv‡`i Dci A‰eZwbK Kv‡Ri AwZwi³
†evSv cÖvqkB ˆeevwnK we‡iva Ges cvwievwiK mwnsmZvi KviY n‡q `uvovq|

3.5| bvixi cÖwZ mwnsmZv

jKWvDb mgqKv‡j wek¦e¨vcx bvix‡`i cÖwZ mwnsmZvi nvi wظY †e‡o‡Q| BDGbGdwcG
Abymv‡i, GB mgq cvwievwiK mwnsmZv wek¦Rz‡o 20 kZvsk †e‡o‡Q| `w¶Y Avwd«Kv‡Z
jKWvD‡bi cÖ_g mßv‡n 90,000 GiI †ewk Awf‡hvM wj½ ev †RÐvi wfwËK mwnsmZvi weiæ‡×
`v‡qi Kiv n‡q‡Q (ˆ`wbK cÖ_g Av‡jv, 7 †g, 2020)| cvwievwiK mwnsmZv d«v‡Ý 32 kZvsk
e„w× †c‡q‡Q| hy³iv‡R¨ jKWvD‡bi cÖ_g Pvi mßv‡n 13 Rb bvix wbnZ n‡q‡Qb| MvwW©qvb
KZ…©K cÖKvwkZ GK cÖwZ‡e`b Abyhvqx, AbjvB‡b mvnv‡h¨i Rb¨ Aby‡iva Kivi nvi wek¦e¨vcx
120 kZvsk e„w× †c‡q‡Q| mvgvwRK †hvMv‡hvM gva¨‡gI gwnjv‡`i nqivwb µgea©gvb nv‡i e„w×
†c‡q‡Q, †hgb A‡±vei 2019 †_‡K A‡±vei 2020 Gi g‡a¨ bvix‡`i weiæ‡× Kiv UzB‡Ui
msL¨v 93 kZvsk †e‡o‡Q (Ahmed 2021)|
evsjv‡`‡kI gnvgvixKvjxb mg‡q wj½ ev †RÐvi wfwËK mwnsmZv D‡ØMRbK nv‡i †e‡o‡Q|
GmwUBwcGm cwiPvwjZ 7,000 MÖvgxY cwievi wb‡q †Km ÷vwW K‡i †`Lv wM‡q‡Q †h, †gvU
4,500 cwiev‡ii bvixiv mwnsmZvi wkKvi n‡q‡Qb (ˆ`wbK cÖ_g Av‡jv, 3 RzjvB, 2020)|
Kg©ms¯’v‡bi Afve, Avq nÖvm, e¨emv eÜ, Lv‡`¨i Afve Ges cvwievwiK FYe„w×mn bvbvb Kvi‡Y
†`‡k cvwievwiK mwnsmZv µgea©gvb nv‡i evo‡Q| eª¨vK KZ©…K 11wU †Rjvq bvix‡`i Ae¯’v wb‡q
cwiPvwjZ Av‡iKwU mgx¶vq †`Lv †M‡Q †h, 32 kZvsk AskMÖnYKvix g‡b K‡ib †h, Zv‡`i
cwiev‡i PvKwi I Avq nÖv‡mi Kvi‡Y M„nKg©x mwnsmZv †e‡o‡Q| †`‡k hw`I gvÎ 90wU wfKwUg
†m›Uvi i‡q‡Q, gnvgvixi Kvi‡Y meB eÜ n‡q wM‡q‡Q| dj¯^iƒc fz³‡fvMx bvix‡`i evwo‡Z
_vKvq mwnsmZvi wkKvi nIqvi m¤¢vebv †e‡o‡Q|
gvby‡li Rb¨ dvD‡Ûkb jKWvDb mgqKvjxb mwnsmZvi cÖeYZv Lyu‡R †ei Ki‡Z `yBwU
†Uwj‡dvb mgx¶v cwiPvjbv K‡i| 2020 mv‡ji †g gv‡mi cÖ_g mgx¶vi wi‡cv‡U© †`Lv hvq †h,
4,249 Rb bvix Ges 456 Rb wkï GwcÖj gv‡m mwnsmZvi wkKvi nb| Gi g‡a¨ 1,672 Rb
bvix Ges 424 Rb wkï c~‡e© KL‡bvB mwnsmZvi wkKvi nbwb| cieZ©x‡Z 53,340 Rb bvix I
wkïi Dci cwiPvwjZ wØZxq †Uwj‡dvb mgx¶vq †`Lv †M‡Q, †g gv‡m 31 w`‡b 53wU GjvKvq
†gvU 13,944wU mwnsmZvi NUbv N‡U‡Q (ˆ`wbK cÖ_g Av‡jv, 28 Rzb, 2020)| †g Ges Ryb
gv‡mi wi‡cvU© Zzjbv Ki‡j †`Lv hvq †h, †g †_‡K Rzb gv‡m mwnsmZvi NUbv e„w× †c‡q‡Q|
mgx¶vq AviI D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, bvix I wkï‡`i cÖwZ mwnsmZvi nvi †e‡o‡Q 31 kZvsk|
†g gv‡m cÖvq 19 Rb evwjKv al©‡Yi wkKvi n‡qwQj, 18 Rb †g‡q wkï‡K al©‡Yi †Póv Kiv
n‡qwQj, 19 Rb †g‡q‡K AcniY Kiv n‡qwQj Ges 13 Rb evwjKv Ges 6 Rb cziæl wkï‡K †g
Rvnvb, †gŠ I bvRwbb: evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ I mgv‡Ri Dci †KvwfW-19 Gi cÖfve 185

gv‡m nZ¨v Kiv n‡qwQj| †gvU 11,025 Rb bvixi gv‡S cÖvq 97.4 kZvsk cvwievwiK mwnsmZvi
wkKvi n‡q‡Qb| †Uwj‡dvb Rwi‡c AviI †`Lv hvq †h, 45 kZvsk bvix gvbwmK mwnsmZvi wkKvi
n‡q‡Qb, 33 kZvsk A_©‰bwZK Kvi‡Y mwnsmZvi wkKvi n‡q‡Qb, 19 kZvsk bvix kvixwiK
mwnsmZvi wkKvi n‡q‡Qb Ges evKx 4 kZvsk †hŠb wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi n‡q‡Qb (ˆ`wbK cÖ_g
Av‡jv, 28 Ryb, 2020)|
`¨ wdbvwÝqvj G·‡cÖm Gi Rvbyqvwi gv‡mi AbjvBb wi‡cvU© †_‡K Rvbv hvq †h, evsjv‡`k
gwnjv cwil` cÖKvk K‡i †h, 14wU †`kxq cwÎKv Gi Z_¨ Abymv‡i 2019 mv‡j 4,622 Rb bvix
I †g‡q wkï mwnsmZvi wkKvi nb (`¨ wdbvbwkqvj G·‡cÖm, 2020)| K‡ivbv cwiw¯’wZ ïiæ
nIqvi ci wPd †g‡UªvcwjUb g¨vwR‡÷ªU Av`vj‡Z 26 gvP© †_‡K 3 Ry‡bi g‡a¨ mwnsmZvi †gvU
197wU gvgjv Kiv n‡qwQj| gvgjvi g‡a¨ 56wU al©‡Yi gvgjv, al©Y Kivi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q Ggb
gvgjv 14wU, †hŠZzK m¤úwK©Z mwnsmZv gvgjv 51wU, Acni‡Yi gvgjv 36wU, †hŠb nqivwbi
NUbv 18wU Ges kvixwiK mwnsmZvi NUbv 7wU (ˆ`wbK cÖ_g Av‡jv, 28 Ryb, 2020)| cywjk
cÖv_wgKfv‡e gnvgvixi Rb¨ evB‡ii cwiw¯’wZ wbqš¿‡Y g‡bvwb‡ek Kivq Zviv bvix‡`i cÖwZ
mwnsmZv m¤úwK©Z gvgjvq Kg g‡bv‡hvM †`b| gnvgvix Qwo‡q covi c‡i Av`vjZI K‡qK gvm
eÜ wQj| GB NUbv¸wj bvix‡`i cwiw¯’wZ‡K AviI bvRyK K‡i‡Q| myZivs GUv ¯úó †h, jKWvDb
mgqKv‡j †`‡k bvix‡`i weiæ‡× mwnsmZvi nvi e„w× †c‡q‡Q|

4| djvdj I we‡kølY
weMZ eQ‡i evsjv‡`‡ki mgvR I A_©bxwZ †KvwfW-19 Øviv gvivZ¥Kfv‡e cÖfvweZ n‡q‡Q|
2020 A_©eQ‡i evsjv‡`‡ki wRwWwc wQj 5.2 kZvsk, hv miKvwi j¶¨gvÎv 8.2 kZvs‡ki
Zzjbvq †ek Kg (†WBjx ÷vi, GwcÖj 8, 2021)| Z‡e Avkvi K_v GB †h, we‡k¦i Ab¨vb¨
†`‡ki A_©bxwZi Zzjbvq evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ gnvgvixKvjxb mg‡q Kg ¶wZi m¤§yLxb n‡q‡Q|
ˆe‡`wkK gy`Öv ev †iwgU¨v‡Ýi mieivn MZ K‡qK gv‡m Zzjbvg‚jKfv‡e e„w× †c‡q‡Q hv wewfbœ
cwievi‡K Avw_©K wbivcËv w`‡q‡Q| m¤cÖwZ RvwZmsN evsjv‡`k‡K 2026 mv‡ji g‡a¨ ¯^‡ívbœZ
†`‡ki ZvwjKv †_‡K DËi‡Yi Rb¨ Aby‡gv`b w`‡q‡Q| wek¦e¨vsKmn wewfbœ ms¯’v Avfvm w`‡q‡Q
G eQi A_©‰bwZK cÖe…w× 2-3 kZvs‡ki †ewk n‡e bv| hw` Zv nq Zvn‡j g‡›`i fvj n‡e|
†m‡¶‡Î ejv †h‡Z cv‡i †h, abx ev ga¨weË †kÖwYi Ae¯’v nqZ †Zgb Lvivc n‡e bv| Z‡e GUv
mZ¨ †h, me †kÖwYi gvby‡li Ici Gi cÖfve GKBiKgfv‡e co‡e bv| †`‡k AmsL¨ ¶z`Ö †ckv`vi
†Mvôx i‡q‡Qb, hviv wbtm‡›`‡n Avw_©K msK‡U i‡q‡Qb| G‡¶‡Î bvix kÖwgK‡`i K_v we‡klfv‡e
D‡jøL Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| †`‡ki mvgwMÖK A_©bxwZ‡Z K‡ivbvi Kx cÖfve co‡e, bvbv †kÖwY-†ckvi
gvbyl KZUv ¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡e, Zv †evSvi Rb¨ Avgv‡`i AviI wKQzw`b A‡c¶v Ki‡Z n‡e|
†KvwfW-19 gnvgvix‡Z bvixiv mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK me w`K †_‡KB GKUv Amyweavi RvqMvq
Av‡Qb| bvix D‡`¨v³v‡`i K_v GLv‡b we‡klfv‡e ejv hvq| miKvwi cÖ‡Yv`bv c¨v‡K‡R e¨vsK
K¬v‡q‡›Ui mv‡_ m¤ú‡K©i wfwˇZ A_© cÖ`v‡bi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ ¶z`Ö bvix D‡`¨v³viv hv‡`i
AZx‡Z FY †bqvi †Kv‡bv †iKW©B †bB, Zviv G‡¶‡Î Kx Ki‡eb †mB e¨vcv‡i †Kv‡bv civgk©
186 evsjv‡`k Dbœqb mgxÿv

†bB| ZvB cÖ‡Yv`bv c¨v‡KR hw` mywbw`©ófv‡e bvixi Rb¨ bv nq, Zvn‡j Zv bvix‡`i Kv‡Q
†cŠuQ‡e bv e‡jB Avk¼v Kiv hvq| K‡ivbvKvjxb mg‡q A‡bK bvix KvR nvwi‡q‡Qb| G‡¶‡Î
cÎcwÎKv‡Z †Kej †cvkvK Lv‡Zi K_v D‡V Av‡m, wKš‘ wekvj AbvbyôvwbK Lv‡Z wecyjmsL¨K
bvix †h KvR nvwi‡q‡Qb, †m wel‡q Lye †ewk Av‡jvPbv †bB| K…wl‡ZI wecyjmsL¨K bvix KvR
K‡ib| Zv‡`i DciI K‡ivbvi weiƒc cÖfve c‡o‡Q| ejv †h‡Z cv‡i, Kg©RM‡Z bvix‡`i Rb¨
we‡kl ai‡bi bvRzKZv m„wó n‡q‡Q| †hme bvix nqZ kZ †Póvi c‡i †Kv‡bv GKwU Kv‡Ri m‡½
hy³ n‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb, K‡ivbvKv‡j †mUv nviv‡Z n‡q‡Q| †mB bvixiv Rv‡bb bv Avevi KL‡bv
cyi‡bv Kv‡R wd‡i †h‡Z cvi‡eb wKbv| aviYv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i, ch©vß my‡hvM-myweavi Afv‡e
A‡bK bvix‡KB ïay M„n¯’vwj Kg©Kv‡Ð wd‡i †h‡Z n‡e|
K‡ivbvKvjxb mg‡q bvix‡`i ïaygvÎ M„n¯’vwj I †mev KvRB e„w× cvqwb, eis eûgvÎvi KvR
Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q bvix‡K| †mev KvR †_‡K ïiæ K‡i M„nKg©x cwiPvwjZ KvR¸‡jvI m¤úv`b Ki‡Z
n‡q‡Q bvix‡K| jKWvDb Ly‡j †`Iqvi ciI Ab¨vb¨ myweav †hgb wkï w`ev‡mev †K›`ª eÜ _vKvq
A‡bK bvix Kv‡R wdi‡Z cvi‡Qb bv| bvixi Rxe‡b †b‡g Avm‡Q GK‡N‡qwg I welbœZv|
mvgvwRK `‚iZ¡, †Kvqv‡i›UvBb e¨e¯’vcbv G mg‡qi Dc‡hvMx n‡jI Gi cÖfve gvby‡li gbRM‡Zi
Dci co‡Q| m½wb‡iva I mvgvwRK `‚iZ¡ †_‡K Avwef©ve NU‡Q welbœZv, fq, AvZ¼,
weiw³‡eva, †µva, wew”QbœZv, ˆbtm½, Ae‡njv, Aebgb Ges wbi_©KZv fvebvi hv gvby‡li g‡a¨
AgvbweK AvPi‡Yi Rb¥ w`‡”Q| bvixi cÖwZ mwnsmZvi g~j KviY¸‡jvi g‡a¨ G¸‡jv Ab¨Zg|
†KvwfW-19 PjvKvjxb mg‡q bvixi cÖwZ mwnsmZv eûgvÎvq e„w× †c‡q‡Q| gnvgvixi Av‡Mi
eQi Ges c‡ii eQ‡ii Z_¨ we‡kølY K‡i †`Lv hvq †h, 2019 mv‡j al©‡Yi wkKvi bvixi msL¨v
wQj 1,080, hv 2020 mv‡j †e‡o 1,538 G `uvovq (AwaKvi, 2020)| 2020 mv‡j ïaygvÎ
Rvbyqvwi †_‡K †m‡Þ¤^i ch©šÍ †gvU 919 Rb bvix I wkï al©‡Yi wkKvi n‡q‡Q| `ywðšÍvi welq
n‡”Q †h, al©‡Yi wkKvi cÖvßeq¯‹ bvix‡`i Zzjbvq wkï‡`i msL¨v cÖvq wظY| 2019 mv‡j GB
mg‡qi g‡a¨ al©‡Yi wkKvi bvix I wkïi msL¨v wQj 834 Rb| K‡ivbvKvjxb mg‡q bvixi cÖwZ
mwnsmZv †e‡o hvIqvi wcQ‡b GKUv A_©‰bwZK KviY Av‡Q| jKWvD‡bi mgq A‡bK cwiev‡ii
cÖavb DcvR©b¶g cyiælwU KvR nvwi‡q‡Qb| UvKv-cqmvi Afve †_‡K nZvkv, ivM I †¶v‡fi Rb¥
n‡q‡Q| cyiælZvwš¿K mgv‡R Gi cÖfve c‡o‡Q bvixi Dci| Dciš‘, `xN© mgq ¯^vgx I mšÍvb N‡i
Ae¯’vb Kivq bvixi M„n¯’vwj Kv‡Ri cwigvY †hgb GKw`‡K †e‡o‡Q, Ab¨w`‡K cvwievwiK Kjn,
mwnsmZv Ges †hŠZzK msµvšÍ AZ¨vPviI †e‡o‡Q|
K‡ivbv gnvgvix N‡i I evB‡i bvixi Ae¯’vb‡K AviI `ye©j K‡i w`‡q‡Q| wKš‘ GLv‡b ïay
K‡ivbv‡K †`vl w`‡jB n‡e bv| †KvwfW-19 Avmvi Av‡MI bvixi cÖwZ mwnsmZv wQj| myZivs
K‡ivbvi cvkvcvwk mgv‡Ri cÖPwjZ `„wófw½ I wPšÍvavivi DciI Av‡jvKcvZ Ki‡Z n‡e hv bvixi
Ici K‡ivbvi †bwZevPK cÖfve‡K AviI †ewk †cv³ K‡i‡Q|
Rvnvb, †gŠ I bvRwbb: evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ I mgv‡Ri Dci †KvwfW-19 Gi cÖfve 187

5| cÖ¯Ívebv I mycvwikmg~&n
K‡ivbv gnvgvix †gvKv‡ejvq ¯^í‡gqvw` e¨e¯’v QvovI `xN©‡gqvw` e¨e¯’v¸‡jvI we‡ePbv Kiv
DwPZ| G‡¶‡Î KiYxq c`‡¶c¸wj cÖ¯Ívebv I mycvwik AvKv‡i wb‡¤œ Zz‡j aiv n‡jv:
• K‡ivbvfvBiv‡mi weiæ‡× jovB Kivi Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨e¨e¯’v †Rvi`vi Kivi cvkvcvwk mvgvwRK
myi¶v Ges AšÍf©zw³g‚jK A_©‰bwZK cwiKíbv ev¯Íevqb Kiv ¸iæZ¡c‚Y©|
• Avw_©K I mvgvwRK m¼‡Ui DbœwZi Rb¨ Riæwi Znwe‡j wewb‡qvM Kiv `iKvi| ˆZwi
†cvkvK wk‡í miKvwi mnvqZv cy‡ivcywi A_©bxwZ‡Z BwZevPK cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i| Pxb,
`w¶Y †Kvwiqv, wf‡qZbvg Ges BD‡iv‡ci AwfÁZv †_‡K evsjv‡`k wk¶v jvf Ki‡Z
cv‡i|
• †KvwfW cwiw¯’wZ‡Z miKv‡ii c¶ †_‡K ¶wZMÖ¯Í bvix‡`i ZvwjKv K‡i †gvevB‡ji
gva¨‡g mivmwi Zv‡`i Kv‡Q A_© cvwV‡q †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i| G‡¶‡Î Zv‡`i Rb¨ eivÏ
ivLv `iKvi|
• †KvwfW cwiw¯’wZ‡Z ¯^v¯’¨‡mevq AcÖZzjZvi Kvi‡Y bvix‡K AwZwi³ †mev Kv‡Ri †evSv
wb‡Z n‡”Q| G RvqMvq we‡klfv‡e `„wó cÖ`vb I cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v †bqv AZ¨vek¨K |
• bvix‡`i wWwRUvwj `¶ K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨ webvg~‡j¨ Aí wKQz B›Uvi‡bU WvUv †`qv †h‡Z
cv‡i|
• AbvbyôvwbK Lv‡Z we‡kl K‡i ¶z`ª I KzwUi wk‡í hviv i‡q‡Qb, Zv‡`i wPwýZ Ki‡Z
n‡e| wek nvRvi †KvwU UvKv cÖ‡Yv`bvi cvkvcvwk ev‡R‡Ui Ab¨ †h eivϸ‡jv Av‡Q,
Zv †hb bvixiv mn‡R wb‡Z cv‡i †mRb¨ kZ©¸‡jv‡K wkw_j Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| bvix
D‡`¨v³v‡`i mnR k‡Z© FY †`qvi welqwU‡KI ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e|
• miKvwi mnvqZvi cvkvcvwk †µZvc¶ ev wewfbœ †emiKvwi cÖwZôv‡bi Kv‡QI mnvqZv
PvB‡Z n‡e|
• evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ‡K kw³kvjx Ki‡Z wecYb e¨e¯’v hv‡Z gvi bv Lvq †mw`‡K we‡kl
bRi w`‡Z n‡e| KzwUi, ¶z`Ö I gvSvwi wk‡í cÖvq wZb †KvwU †jvK RwoZ| Zv‡`i
µq¶gZv evov‡Z n‡e|
• bvix I wkïi cÖwZ mwnsmZv †iv‡a AvBwb e¨e¯’vi cvkvcwk m‡PZbZvg‚jK Kg©mw~ P
cÖ‡qvRb| bvixi cÖwZ mwnsmZv e‡Ü nUjvBb 109 I cywjwk mnvqZvi Rb¨ 999 †K
AviI †ewk Kvh©Ki Kiv cÖ‡qvRb |
• miKvwi AvkÖq †K›`ª¸‡jv‡Z bvixiv hv‡Z AvkÖq †c‡Z cv‡ib †mB e¨e¯’v Kiv †h‡Z
cv‡i| K‡ivbv cwiw¯’wZ‡Z bvix I wkï wbh©vZb UªvBe¨zbvj Pjgvb ivLvi Rb¨ ÔfvP©zqvj
†KvU© AwW©b¨vÝÕ `ªæZ cvm Kiv cÖ‡qvRb |
188 evsjv‡`k Dbœqb mgxÿv

• bvixi cÖwZ mwnsmZv †iv‡a †`‡ki ZiæY-hyemgvR‡K m‡PZb I mwµq f‚wgKv ivL‡Z
n‡e| evj¨weevn e‡Ü mwµq f‚wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e AwffveK, wk¶KmgvR Ges
GjvKvi ivR‰bwZK †bZv I wewkó e¨w³‡`i| bvix wbh©vZ‡bi ms¯‹…wZ‡K mg_©b K‡i
Ggb wcZ…Zvwš¿K ms¯‹…wZ I g~j¨‡eva wb‡iv‡ai j‡¶¨ RvZxq bxwZ I Kg©cwiKíbv MÖnY
Ki‡Z n‡e|
• m‡e©vcwi, AwaK msL¨vq M‡elYv, we‡kl K‡i bvixev`x M‡elYvi cÖ‡qvRb, hv K‡ivbv‡Z
me©vwaK ¶wZMÖ¯Í bvix‡`i Lzu‡R †ei Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡e|

6| Dcmsnvi
RvwZms‡Ni gvbe Dbœqb m‚P‡K 2019 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡ki Ae¯’vb wQj 135| gvÎ GK eQ‡ii
e¨eav‡b 2020 mv‡j evsjv‡`k `yB avc Dc‡i D‡V 133 Zg ¯’vb jvf K‡i| 2020 mv‡ji
ˆewk¦K †RÐvi M¨vc wi‡cv‡U© evsjv‡`‡ki Ae¯’vb wQj 50| `w¶Y Gwkqvi 7wU †`‡ki g‡a¨
GKgvÎ evsjv‡`kB cÖ_g 100wU †`‡ki g‡a¨ _vKvi †MŠie AR©b K‡i‡Q| gnvgvix Avmvi c‡i
2021 mv‡ji ˆewk¦K †RÐvi M¨vc wi‡cv‡U© evsjv‡`‡ki Ae¯’vb A‡bK wb‡P, 65†Z †b‡g wM‡q‡Q|
myZivs AvksKv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i †h, †KvwfW-19 evsjv‡`‡ki A‡bK AR©b‡KB ¤øvb K‡i w`‡Z
cv‡i|
†KvwfW-19 gnvgvix evsjv‡`‡ki Av_©-mvgvwRK Rxe‡b cÖwZwbqZ cÖfve †dj‡Q Ges gvby‡li
Rxebhvcb‡K m¤ú~Y© bZzb Avw½‡K wb‡q hv‡”Q| GwU kÖgevRv‡i we`¨gvb †RÐvi ˆelg¨‡K AviI
evwo‡q Zz‡j‡Q Ges evwo‡Z bvix‡`i Kv‡Ri †evSv evwo‡q‡Q| gnvgvixKvjxb mg‡q wj½wfwËK
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Pv½v K‡i gvby‡li Av‡qi c_‡K myMg Kiv Ges GKwU w¯’wZkxj RxebhvÎvi gvb wbwðZ Kiv|
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m¤¢e bq|
Rvnvb, †gŠ I bvRwbb: evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ I mgv‡Ri Dci †KvwfW-19 Gi cÖfve 189

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