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CET0122.1– PHYSICS FOR ENGINEERS LABORATORY

ACTIVITIES AND EXPERIMENTS
2ND SEMESTER AY 2020 - 2021

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Experiment 2 Section text.

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OBJECTIVES:

• Understand graphical presentations of position changes as a function of time

• Calculate the acceleration from the position - time graph
• Analyze the motion of an object in free fall

BACKGROUND:

The motion of a body can be described by kinematics and dynamics. In kinematics, the motion ofthe
body is described using the properties of position, time, velocity, and acceleration. It does not involve finding
what causes the body to move. Kinematics involves one- dimensional and multidimensional motion.

For this experiment, one- dimensional motion or linear motion will be described. Linear motion or
motion along a straight line, can be horizontal or vertical motion. Motion can be a constant motion or a
uniformly accelerated motion. An object is moving at constant motion when its velocity is constant, while an
object is uniformly accelerating when it is moving at constant acceleration.

Motion of an object can be described analytically and graphically. For graphical analysis of motion,
velocity can be derived from the position – time graph, while acceleration from the velocity – time graph.
Analytically, motion of a body can be described by the following equations:

Horizontal Motion:

At constant Acceleration:
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CET0122.1– PHYSICS FOR ENGINEERS LABORATORY
ACTIVITIES AND EXPERIMENTS
2ND SEMESTER AY 2020 - 2021
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∆𝑥 = 𝑣 𝑥𝑜
𝑡+ 𝑎𝑡2
2
𝑣2 = 𝑣2 + 2𝑎∆𝑥
𝑥𝑓 𝑥𝑜

𝑣𝑥𝑓 = 𝑣𝑥𝑜 + 𝑎𝑡

Vertical Motion at constant acceleration (freely falling body):

PROCEDURES:

A. HORIZONTAL MOTION

For this experiment, you will use the Graphing of Motion Lab Simulation,
https://www.thephysicsaviary.com/Physics/Programs/Labs/GraphingOfMotionLabQuick/.

If you are using a computer or laptop, choose the desktop version. It will give you better control of the pedals. For
the touch screen version. You will have to click the pedal to start the behavior and click againto end. Touch
version will work on devices including desktop.

Analyzing Motion Graph

I. SET UP 1

1. Set the parameters: Initial Speed – American Pharoah: Acceleration – None; Break – None
2. Click the y-axis to display position and velocity.
3. Pres START.
4. Copy the graph and paste it on your worksheet.
5. Get 6 data points from the velocity graph from t = 0 to t = 5s (vi, ti).
6. Transfer your data to this graphing program -
https://www.thephysicsaviary.com/Physics/Programs/Tools/Graphing/index.html using
time along the x- axis.
7. Click Curve Fit. Choose the appropriate graph type. Write the equation of the curve.
8. Get 6 data points from the position graph from t = 0 to t = 5s (xi, ti)
9. Repeat steps 7 and 8
10. Write the equation for the velocity curve and the equation of the position curve.

II. SET UP 2

1. Set the parameters: Initial Speed – Rest; Acceleration – Porschelike; Break – None
2. Click the y-axis to display position and velocity.
3. Pres START.
4. As quickly as possible, hold/ click on the gas pedal for the first 5 seconds.
5. After 5 seconds, release the gas pedal.
6. Copy the graph and paste it on your worksheet.
7. Get 6 data points from the velocity graph from t = 0 to t = 5s (vi, ti).
8. Transfer your data to this graphing program -
https://www.thephysicsaviary.com/Physics/Programs/Tools/Graphing/index.html using
time along the x- axis.
9. Click Curve Fit. Choose the appropriate graph type. Write the equation of the curve.
10. Get 6 data points from the position graph from t = 0 to t = 5s (xi, ti)
11. Repeat for the final points from t = 5s to t = 10s
12. Write the equations for the velocity curve and the equations for the position curve for the
acceleration part and the constant velocity part
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CET0122.1– PHYSICS FOR ENGINEERS LABORATORY
ACTIVITIES AND EXPERIMENTS2ND
SEMESTER AY 2020 - 2021

III. SET UP 3
1. Set the parameters: Initial Speed – Deer; Acceleration – Lexuslike; Break – Jeeplike
2. Click the y-axis to display position and velocity.
3. Pres START.
4. As quickly as possible, hold/ click on the gas pedal for 5 seconds.
5. Then as quickly as possible hold/ click on the brake for the last 5 seconds.
6. Copy the graph and paste it on your worksheet.
7. Get 6 data points from the velocity graph from t = 0 to t = 5s (vi, ti).
8. Transfer your data to this graphing program -
https://www.thephysicsaviary.com/Physics/Programs/Tools/Graphing/index.html using
time along the x- axis.
9. Click Curve Fit. Choose the appropriate graph type. Write the equation of the curve.
10. Get 6 data points from the position graph from t = 0 to t = 5s (xi, ti)
11. Repeat steps 8 and 9
12. Repeat steps 7 to 9 but now use 6 data points from the velocity graph from t = 5s to t =
10s (vi, ti).
13. Repeat steps 7 to 9 but now use 6 data points from the position graph from t = 5s to t =
10s (xi, ti)
14. Write the equation for the velocity curve and the equation of the position curve for the acceleration
and deceleration part.

B. VERTICAL MOTION AT CONSTANT ACCELERATION (FREELY FALLING BODY)

For this part, you will need the following materials:

• 2 small ball or any object of different masses and diameters
• timer or stopwatch
• meter stick or length measuring device.

1. Drop each ball from height h = 300 cm and measure the drop times t. Do
three trials per ball. The average of the three trials will be your
𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑒. h
h
2ℎ h
2. Compute experimental g using 𝑔𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 = h
𝑡2

3. Try different heights h = 225, 150, and 75 cm.

4. Compute average of g. Compare with the truevalue of g =
9.8 m/s2
6. Graph your data using
https://www.thephysicsaviary.com/Physics/Programs/Tools/Graphing/index.html
7. Place time along the x- axis.
8. Curve fit your graph. Take note of the equation.