Physical and Sexual Self Widening of hips Facial, pubic, body hair

Enlarged buttocks Depeening of voice

Pubic hair Broad shoulders
Why talk about sex/sexuality?
1. To have knowledge about the development Sex (Biological Sex)
of sex characteristics and human
reproductive system. • Body or “container”
2. Sex is not only to have babies but to express • The property or quality by which organisms
our love and affection; to feel pleasure and are classified as female or male on the basis
intimacy. of their reproductive organs and functions
3. Explain sexual orientation and identity • Instead of saying “biological sex”, some
4. Talks about the challenges we face today people use the phrase “Assigned male at
with safe sex and Sexually Transmitted birth” or “Assigned female at birth.”
Infections (STIs).
5. Reflect on the importance of contraception Functions of Sex
6. To break down stigma.
1. Reproduction
2. Deriving pleasure
Adolescence 3. Expression of love and intimacy and affection

1. Most young people become involved in

dating and courtship. Reproductive System
2. Through romantic relationships, sexual
behavior are developed.
3. Risk factors for sexual behaviors include
pregnancy and sexually transmitted
infections.

Sexual Self
1. Encompassing biological, physical,
emotional, and social domains.
2. Distinguishing physical attributes found in
men (penis) and women (vagina).
3. Development of physical self triggers Physiological Side of Human Sexuality
physiological response with respect to sexual
behavior.
4. Important to be aware off one's sexuality, Gender Identity
his/her thoughts and behavior, in order to
make a responsible • How you, in your head, think about yourself.
• The chemistry that composes you and how
you interpret what that means
Physical Side of Human Sexuality • Not determined by your assigned birth

Sex Characteristics Gender

Primary Sex Characteristics • Content or matter that fills the container

• Internal sense of self and identity
• Physical characteristics present at birth • Types
• Distinguishes male from female ˃ Transgender gender identity, gender
expression or behavior does not
Women Men conform to that typically associated
Vagina Penis with the sex to which they were
Uterus Testes/testicles assigned at birth
Ovaries Scrotum ˃ Transwoman assigned sex is a
Prostate gland male but you identified yourself as a
woman
˃ Transman assigned sex is a female
but you identified yourself as a male
Secondary Sex Characteristics ˃ Cisgender sense of personal identity
and gender corresponds with their
• Develops on onset of puberty birth sex
Women Men ˃ Genderqueer neither/all
Enlarged breast Testicular growth
Onset of Menstruation Sperm production
Gender Expression
• Decoration outside the container
• How you demonstrate your gender (based on
traditional gender roles) through the ways
you act, dress, behave, and interact
Sexual Orientation
Heterosexual romantically and physically
attracted to members of the opposite sex
Homosexual romantically and physically
attracted to people of the same sex
Bisexual romantically and physically attracted to
members of both sexes
Asexual may not be interested in sex, but they
still feel emotionally close to other people
Pansexual sexual, romantic, or emotional
attraction towards people regardless of their sex
Biological Influences
Hormones chemical that our body dictates us if
we are a male/female
• Testosterone for males
• Estrogen for females
Chromosomes genetics; dictates who we are
• XY chromosomes male
• XX chromosomes female
Environmental Influences
• Parenting
• Surroundings
• Culture
Theories of Gender-Role Development
• Many modern theorists focus on learning and
cognitive processes for the development of
gender identity and behavior.
• Social Learning gender identity formed
through reinforcement and modeling
• Gender Schema Child develops male or
female schema, then observes and behave
accordingly
Sexual Arousal
• Humans; The brain is where sexual desire
originates and where sexual behavior is
controlled.
• Cognitive factors play an important role.
• Fantasizing
• Men and women have equal potential for
sexual arousal.
• Culture conservative beliefs (i.e.,
Masturbation & Premarital Sex)
Four Phases of Sexual Response (William Masters
and Virginia Johnson, 1966)
Desire Phase sexual urges occur in
response to sexual cues or fantasies
Excitement Phase subjective sense of
sexual arousal
• Clitoris swells, lips of vagina opens
and becomes wet, rosy skin
• Penis erects, scrotum thickens,
testes enlarges
• A minute to hours
• Pulse rate, blood pressure increases
Plateau Phase brief phase before orgasm
• Outer part of vagina swells, clitoris
retracts and is highly sensitive
• Breathing becomes rapid, heart rate
increases, body temperature rises
• Penis becomes more erect,
circumference of head increases as
fluid is released
Orgasmic Phase male feelings of
inevitability of ejaculation, female
contractions of the walls of the lower third of
the vagina
• Pelvic muscle can happen
• Releases fluid, contration of muscles
• Muscle around the penis, release of
the semen
Resolution Phase decrease in arousal after
orgasm, particularly in men
• Body returns to its normal state
• Erection is lost, testes decreases in
size, scrotum thins again
Attraction, Love, and Attachment
Attraction action or power of evoking interest,
pleasure, or liking for someone or something
Love strong affection for another arising out of
kinship or family ties
Attachment deep and enduring emotional bond that
connects one person to another across time and
space
Adolescence
• Adolescents grow and mature. Thus,
creating new patterns of relationships and
commitments with other people.
 • Forms foundation of relationships in which
intimacy may arise
• Dating and courtship emerges
• First sexual attraction
• Social norms influence attraction in several
ways such as the appropriateness of who
should a person love.
Rules of Attraction
Interpersonal attraction liking or having the
desire for a relationship with another person
Factors
• Physical attractiveness physically
attracted
• Proximity distance between you and
another person
• Similarity similar beliefs, hobbies,
and such
• Complementary qualities
complement each other
• Reciprocity of liking
Social Exchange Theory
• Proposes attraction is the result of an
exchange process.
• As the relationship develops, the sharing of
activities and information contributes to
increased attraction liking, trust, and love.
• “A person who feels that the cost of his or her
romantic relationship outweighs its benefits
will most likely leave the relationship.
• On the contrary, “A person who feels being
valued, will have increased attraction or liking
towards the other person.”
Liking
• Intimacy only
• Feelings of closeness connectedness, and
bondedness
• Intimacy isn't synonymous with sex.
• It is possible to have sex w/o intimacy as well
as intimacy w/o sex.
• Intimacy means different things to different
people.
Infatuation
• Passion only
• Liking and Commitment is absent.
• Crushes (whether Celebrity or not) may fall
under this category.
• Involves feelings and desires that lead to
physical attraction, romance, and sexual
consummation
Empty
• Commitment only
• Intimacy and Passion is absent.
• Involves feelings that lead a person to remain
with someone and move toward shared
goals
• In short-term, to the decision that one loves
a certain other.
• In long-term, to one's commitment to
maintain that love.
• Unhappy marriage may fall under this.
• Reverse may occur as well as with respect to
some fixed marriages.
Romantic Love
• Intimacy + Passion
• Develops deeper conversations that help
them know intimate details about each other.
• Enjoy sexual passion and affection.
• No definite future plans and still undecided
but enjoys the present.
Companionate Love
• Intimacy + Commitment
• Stronger than friendship because there is a
long-term commitment.
• Minimal or no sexual desire at all.
• Commonly found in marriages where
passion has died, but the couple continues to
have deep affection or strong bond together.
• May also be viewed as the love between very
close friends and family members.
Fatuous Love
• Passion + Commitment
• Typified by a whirlwind courtship and
marriage in which passion motivates a
commitment without stabilizing influence of
intimacy.
• Can come on quickly, as in "love at first
sight", and can last a while, may remain
immature and may seem chaotic, manic and
is likely to end in a disaster.
Consummate Love
• Intimacy + Passion + Commitment
• Complete form of love.
• Represents an Ideal form of love that bonds
individuals for longer term.
Five Love Languages
Words of Affirmation encourage, affirm,
emphatize, listen actively
Physical Touch non-verbal, use body
language to express love
Receiving gifts thoughtfulness
 Quality Time uninterrupted and focused Viral STD's
conversations, one-on-one time
• Include Herpes (Genital Warts) and HIV
Acts of Service helping, working together • There is NO cure
• Medication available to treat symptoms only
• Can pass onto others for the rest of your life
STD
• Diseases that are most common passed
STD/STI
through sexual contact:
˃ Oral Vaginal Anal Skin-to-skin • Contracted primarily through sexual contact
˃ In order for transmission to occur, it is (vaginal, oral or anal sex)
necessary to have:
✓ A body fluid with the germ in it
✓ A way of spreading the germ from HIV/AIDS
one person to another
• Infections caused by direct contact with body
fluids such as through blood transfusion,
breast feeding, and sexual intercourse
Which ones are considered infectious?
• Semen Gonorrhea
• Vaginal Fluid
• Blood • Caused by gonococcal bacteria which attack
• Fluid in sores or blisters the lining of the mucous membrane such as
• Saliva mouth, throat, vagina and urethra
• Tears
• Sweat Syphilis
• Urine
• Ear wax • Infects the genital area and other parts of the
body including the BRAIN
• Can cause PARALYSIS or even DEATH if
Methods of Transmission left untreated.

Chlamydia
Low/No risk
• Men: can cause swollen testicles and
• Hugging burning sensation during urination
• Kissing • Women: can result in sterility as it damages
• Holding hands the uterus, ovaries and fallopian tubes.
• Dancing
• Sitting on toilets Genital Herpes
• Sharing lip balm
• Mutual monogamy • Can cause itching and tingling sensation,
• Massage abscesses and blisters in genital area.
• Sharing forks, knives, etc. • There is no Cure for Herpes

High risk
• Sexual Intercourse
• Blood-to-blood contact
• Sharing needles or other drug-use
equipment
• Tattoo or body piercing
• Infected mother to her baby
Bacterial STD’s
• Include Chlamydia, LGV (Lymphogranuloma
venereum), gonorrhea & syphilis
• Can be treated and cured with antibiotics
Untreated infection can cause PID (Pelvic
inflammatory disease)
Genital Warts
• Caused by the Human Papillomavirus.
• Women with this HPV is prone to cervical
cancer
Pubic Lice & Scabies
• Diseases caused by parasitic infestations
• Pubic lice tiny crab-like insects that nest in
pubic hair & bite their host to feed on blood
• Scabies mites that burrow below the surface
of the skin to lay their eggs
˃ Can live for 1-3 days on bedding, towels
and clothing
˃ Treated with medicated creams & lotions
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) a type of
virus that weakens the immune system
We Can get it via Republic Act No. 10354
• Sex without condom • Reproductive Health Law or RH LAW
• Passed from mother to baby (Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive
• Sharing injecting equipment Health Act Of 2012)
• Contaminated blood transfusions & organ • Aims to keep couple, women especially, well
transplant. informed about available family planning
methods that they can freely use depending
on their needs and beliefs.
We Can’t get HIV from • Aims to promote awareness among
adolescent and youth on sexuality and
• Kissing reproductive health through proper sex
• Hugging education.
• Sharing food
• Insect bites
Methods of Contraception
• Toilet seats
• Bathing Intrauterine Device (IUD) a tiny device
• Sneezes and coughs made of flexible plastic that is inserted in the
• sweat uterus to prevent pregnancy
Birth Control Injectables

AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome) Oral Contraceptive pills taken everyday

Pagkasira ng resistensha ng isang tao na nagiging
Other female condom, hormonal ring,
sanhi ng pagkakaroon ng iba’t ibang sakit.
surgical sterilization, calendar rhythm
method

When to be tested?
• Once you become sexually active, you need
a check-up & STD tested once a year
• You didn’t use a condom or the condom
broke
• Your partner has an STD
• Your partner is having sex with someone
else
• You have ever injected drugs
• You or your partner have any STD symptoms
• You have been raped
Material Self
William James understanding the self can be
examined through its different components:
1. Its constituents
• The constituents of self are composed of
the material self, the social self, the
spiritual self, and the pure ego.
2. The feelings and emotions they arouse; self-
feeling
3. The actions to which they prompt; self-
seeking and self-preservation

Family Planning
• An opportunity of people to attain their
desired number of children and determine
the spacing pregnancies. (WHO)
• Having the desired number of of children of
the couple and when they want to have them
by using safe and effective modern methods
(DOH)
Contraception
• Deliberate use of artificial methods or other
techniques to prevent pregnancy as
consequence of sexual intercourse.
2 Types of Contraceptive
1. Natural
2. Artificial
Material Self
• According to James primarily is about our
bodies, clothes, immediate family, and home.
• The more investment of self-given to the
particular thing, the more we identify
ourselves to it.
• We also tended to collect and possess
properties. The collections in different
degree of investment of self, becomes part of
the self.
We are what we have.
• Russel Belk posits that “we regard our
possessions as part of ourselves. We are
what we have and what we possess.”
• As we grow older, putting importance to
material possession decreases.
• Material possession gains higher value in our
lifetime if we use material possession to find
happiness, associate these things with
significant events, accomplishments, and
people in our lives.
 • The possessions that we dearly have tell
something about who we are, our self-
concept, our past, and even our future.
Religious Self
Religion
• A belief in anthropomorphic supernatural
being, such as spirit and gods
• A focus on the sacred supernatural, where
sacred refers to a feeling of reverence and
awe
• The presence of supernatural power or
energy that is found on supernatural beings
as well as physical beings and objects
• The performance of ritual activities that
involves the manipulation of sacred object to
communicate to supernatural beings and/or
to influence or control events
• The articulation of worldview and moral
codes through narratives and other means
• Provide the creation and maintenance of
social bonds and mechanism of social
control within a community
Rituals
• Performance of ceremonial acts prescribed
by a tradition or sacred law
• A specific, observable mode of behavior
exhibited by all known societies; as a way of
defining or describing humans
• Ritual has the characteristics of
˃ A feeling or emotion of respect, awe,
fascination, or dread in relation to the
sacred
˃ Dependence upon a belief system
that is usually expressed in the
language of myth
˃ Is symbolic in relation to its reference
Different Religious Beliefs and Practices
Buddhism
• Life is not a bed of roses. Instead, there are
suffering, pain, and frustration. This reactive
cycle can be broken through the practice of
mediation, acquiring more wisdom and
deeper understanding, and acceptance of
things as they are.
• Customs and Practices
Samatha is practiced as mindfulness of
breathing and development of loving
kindness
Vipassana practices aim at developing
insight into reality. Acquiring wisdom is
by studying Buddha’s teaching, the
Dharma.
Buddhist celebrations are Parinirvana
Day in February; Buddha Day (Wesak)
in May; Dharma Day in July;
Padmasambhava Day in October; and
Sangha Day in November.
Christianity
• Christians believe in Trinitarian God, one
God in three personas: God the Father
(Creator), God the Son (Savior), and God the
Holy Spirit (Sustainer). Eternal life after death
will be achieved through faith in Jesus Christ.
The Holy Bible is a selection of books, which
is divided into two ‒ the Old Testament and
New Testament.
• Customs and Practices
The Sacrament of Baptism symbolizes
the birth in Christian World. The
Sacrament of
Communion is an act of remembrance
of Jesus Christ’s sacrificial love.
Christmas and Resurrection (Easter)
are the two major celebrations in
Christianity.
Hinduism
• Hindus believe that existence is a cycle of
birth, death, and rebirth, governed by
Karma, a concept where the reincarnated life
will depend on how the past life was spent.
• Vedas are sacred scriptures of Hindus.
Mahabharata and Ramayana are two other
important texts of the Hindus.
• Customs and Practices
Diwali is the Festival of Lights.
Navrati is the festival of nine nights,
which celebrate the triumph of good over
evil.
Hindus have set dates to honor particular
manifestations of God.
Islam
• Islam means “willing submission to God.”
Muslims believe in Allah, who is their “One
God”, in the unity and universality of God,
that Mohammed is the last and final prophet
sent by God.
• The Holy Book of Islam is called the Quran.
• Five pillars of Islam, which are the foundation
of Muslim life:
1. Shahadah statement of faith: “There is
no God but the one true God and
Mohammed is his messenger.
2. Salat prayer practiced five times a day
 3. Zakat monetary offering for the benefit
of the poor. It comprises the 2.5% of a
Muslim’s assets.
4. Hajj yearly pilgrimage to Mecca. Muslims
who can afford are asked to do the
pilgrimage at least once in their lifetime.
5. Sawm the fasting. Muslims do fasting,
from food, drink, and sexual act, during
the celebration of Ramadan. Ramadan is
the ninth month of the Islamic lunar
calendar. The fast is from dawn to
sunset.
6. Eidul-Fitr is the celebration at the end of
Ramadan, while Eidul-Adha is
celebrated within the completion of the
Pilgrimage, the Hajj.
Judaism
• The Jews believe in the God of Abraham, in
the coming of Messiah, the Savior. The
sacred scripture of the Jews is called the
Torah or the Law.
• Five major festivals observed by the Jews:
Rosh Hashanah the New Year
Yom Kippur the Day of Atonement
Pesach Passover
Shavuot Pentecost
Sukkot Tabernacles
Jewish Sabbath begins on Friday
evening at sunset and is an important
time when families gather for the
Shabbat meal.
Finding and Creating The Meaning of Life
Life of Viktor Frankl
• Like Sigmund Freud (1856-1939), and
Alfred Adler (1870-1937), Viktor Frankl
(1905-1997) grew up in an urban Viennese
environment.
• Freud lived not far from Frankl’s home.
• Adler practiced across the street from the
home of Frankl’s parents.
˃ Family Constellation
• His life was influenced by the same events
as Freud and Adler
˃ Political Dictatorship
˃ Economic Stagnation
˃ Nazi Occupation
˃ Annexation of Austria into Germany
˃ Anti-Jewish Legislation
˃ World War II
Arbeit macht frei
• A German phrase meaning "Work sets you
free" or "Work makes one free". The slogan
is known for appearing on the entrance of
Auschwitz and other Nazi concentration
camps.
The Three Schools of Viennese Psychotherapy
• Sigmund Freud
• Alfred Adler
• Viktor Frankl
Logotherapy
• A psychotherapy introduced by Dr. Viktor
Frankl
• The main belief is that “man’s primary
motivational force is search for meaning.”
• Aids individuals to find personal meaning of
life, whatever life situation they may be
• Uses the philosophy of optimism in the face
of tragedy
The Franklian Psychology: Basic Concepts
• Life has meaning under all circumstances.
• The main motivation for living is our will to
find meaning in life.
• Freedom to find meaning
˃ Franklian Psychology aims to
✓ Become aware of spiritual resources
✓ Make conscious spiritual resources
✓ Use “defiant power of the human
spirit” and stand up against adversity
Frankl’s Sources of Meaning
Purposeful Work Each individual has
his/her own future goal to achieve or a task
to perform; the meaning of life is unique to
every individual.
Courage in the Face of Difficulty To find
meaning of life is to recognize suffering, pain,
and death as part of life and to have the
courage to face these life difficulties.
Love “The ultimate secret on the spiritual
foundation of life is that love is salvation and
joy eternity.” The ultimate factor to find the
meaning of life is love.
Political Self
Philippines
• Emerged in the 1890s after over three
centuries of colonization of the Spaniards
• Liberation from the last colonizers, the
Japanese, only occurred in 1946.
 • Foreign culture, beliefs, language, and
religion have made a huge dent on our own
by setting a foundation to the contemporary
Filipino identity and culture.
Who is a Filipino?
• According to the 1987 Philippine
Constitution, Filipino citizens are “those
whose fathers or mothers are citizens of
the Philippines, those born before January
17, 1973, of Filipino mothers, who elect
Philippine citizenship upon reaching the age
of majority, and those who are naturalized
in accordance with law.”
• Citizenship is not the only marker of being
a Filipino; People who were born and grew
up in the same culture develop and share
common personality traits and values.
Filipino Values and Traits
The Filipino Hospitality
• Filipinos welcome their guests and tourists
as if they are their own brothers and sisters.
They always make their guests feel at home,
offering them something to eat, or even a
place to stay.
Respect for Elders
• Filipinos greet their elders by kissing their
hand while saying “Mano po!” and constantly
using “po” and “opo” in conversations.
• A wide array of references to elder people
such as ate for older sister; kuya for older
brother; tito and tita for uncle and aunt; lolo
and lola for grandfather and grandmother;
and manong and aling for older people
outside the family.
Close Family Ties
• Filipinos maintain a tight relationship with
their families. They are fond of family
reunions during birthdays, holidays, or
fiestas year-round.
• Some Filipino families even opt to live in a big
house where everyone can stay together.
Nursing homes are almost always not an
option for family members.
Cheerful Personality
• Filipinos smile when they are happy, or
sometimes even when they are sad or angry.
Smiling has been a coping strategy for many
Filipinos especially during trying times and
calamities.
Self-sacrifice
• Filipinos go out of their way to extend help to
their friends, families, and loved ones.
• Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) sacrifice
a lot. That is why they are regarded as
modern-day Filipino heroes.
Bayanihan
• Spirit of communal unity and cooperation of
Filipinos. It is about giving without expecting
something in return.
“Bahala Na” Attitude
• Filipino version of the famous line “Hakuna
Matata,” meaning no worries.
• Originated from “Bathala na,” where Bathala
means God, and the phrase meaning leaving
everything into God’s hands.
Colonial Mentality
• Lack of patriotism and the attitude where
Filipinos favor foreign products more than
their own; but also the desire to look more
foreign than local and keep up with foreign
beauty trends.
“Mañana” Habit
• Filipino term for procrastination; derived from
a Filipino phrase called “Mamaya na”
meaning dawdling things, which could have
been done at an earlier time.
“Ningas Kugon”
• “Ningas” is a Filipino term for flame and
“kugon” is a Filipino term for Cogon grass
that easily burns out after it is put into flames.
It is the attitude of eagerly starting things but
quickly losing eagerness soon after
experiencing difficulty.
Pride
• Most Filipinos hold on to their pride as if they
are more precious than keeping a good
relationship with family and loved ones.
Crab Mentality
• Toxic trait among Filipinos where one
resents the achievement of another, instead
of feeling happy for that person; just like
crabs in a container, they pull each other
down.
Filipino Time
• Filipinos have this common attitude of
arriving late at commitments, dinner, or
parties especially if they are meeting
someone close to them.

Filipino Markers

1. Proverbs or Salawikain
• proverbs expressing a general attitude
toward life and the laws that govern life
• ethical proverbs recommending certain
virtues and condemning certain vices
• proverbs expressing a system of values
• proverbs expressing general truths and
observations about life and human nature
• humorous proverbs
• miscellaneous proverbs

2. Superstitions
• Filipinos’ set of superstitions passed down
from generation to generation
• Some of these may be influenced by beliefs
from other cultures, but Filipinos have retold
these superstitions according to their own
experiences.

3. Myths and Legends

• Due to the Philippines’s rich culture and
history, numerous myths and legends have
sprung.
• These stories are aimed to explain the origin
of things, at the same time, teach a valuable
lesson.

4. Heroes and Icons

• Heroes serve as a reminder of true patriotism
and nationalism as they have sacrificed their
lives for the sake of their country’s freedom
and progress.
• Famous Filipino icons such as Lea Salonga,
Manny Pacquiao, and our very own national
hero, Jose Rizal, have made the Filipino
name more pronounced worldwide through
their own expertise.

How to be a good Filipino po?

• Be an active Filipino citizen.
• Study the Philippine history.
• Support local products.
• Speak the Filipino language.
• Do not spread fake news and be democratic
in engaging with dissent.