2016

Earth Moving Fleets

to :Sir Najm ul hassan sb

Shakeel Ahmed
(Bs Civil) A1DE-116040
Earthmoving
This earthmoving and mining equipment section lists equipment that has been
designed primarily to move earth and minerals in large earthmoving and mining
projects. Some of this equipment finds it place in other applications, however, and
the use of bulldozers and articulated trucks on road and highway projects are just a
couple of examples.

Articulating Truck
An articulated dump truck has a hinge between the cab and the dump box, but is
distinct from semi trailer trucks in that the cab is a permanent fixture, not a
separable vehicle. Steering is accomplished via hydraulic rams that pivot the entire
cab, rather than rack and pinion steering on the front axle. This vehicle is highly
adaptable to rough terrain.

Bulldozer
Track Type
The term bulldozer
technically refers only to
a shovel-like blade,
over the years people
have come to associate
the term bulldozer to
the entire vehicle both
blade and crawler
tractor combined.
Bulldozers are a
powerful tracked piece of
equipment and the tracks give them excellent ground holdand mobility through
very rough terrain. Wide tracks help distribute the bulldozer’s weight over a large
area (decreasing pressure), thus preventing it from sinking in sandy or muddy
ground.

Cable/Hammer Tractor
A cable tractor is a machine used for
pulling cables which either can be an
electrical cable for a mine shovel or
wire ropes during a shovel rope change.

Dragline
A dragline excavator is a piece of equipment used in civil engineering and surface
mining. In civil engineering the
smaller types are used as pile
driving rigs. The larger types are
used in strip-mining operations to
move overburden above coal, and
for tar-sand mining. Draglines are
amongst the largest mobile
equipment ever built on land, and
weigh in the vicinity of 2000
metric tonnes, though specimens
weighing up to 13,000 metric tonnes have also been constructed. Under 25 yd.

Drills
The purpose of drilling into rock
is to provide a “blasthole” into
which explosives can be loaded,
and detonated to make the site
easier to work in.

Haul Truck
End Dump
Off-road dump trucks are used
strictly off-road for mining and
heavy dirt hauling jobs. There are two primary forms: rigid frame and articulating
frame

Center Dump Haul

Units
An off-highway hauler that
dumps its load through
longitudinal gates in the bottom of
the bottom dump wagon

Loaders
Track Loaders
Track loaders are capable in nearly every task, but master of none as a dozer,
excavator, or wheel
loader will out perform a track
loader under a set of conditions.
The ability of a track loader to
perform almost every task on a
job site is why it remains a part
of many companies’ fleets.
Wheel Loaders
A loader is a machine often used
in construction, primarily used
to load loose material (dirt,
snow, feed, gravel, logs, etc.) into
or onto another type of machine,
such as a dump truck, conveyor
belt ,feed-hopper, or railcar

Motor Grader (mining size e.g. CAT 24H)

A grader, also
commonly referred
to as a road grader,
a blade, a
maintainer, or a
motor grader, is a
machine with a long
blade used to create
a flat surface. Graders are commonly used in the construction and maintenance of
dirt roads and gravel roads.

Scraper
Scrapers are large motorized machines used for digging, hauling and leveling out
materials in a variety of
construction jobs. Running
on massive rubber tires,
motorized scrapers quickly
move large quantities of
earth around a
construction site, unlike the
less popular pull-type
scraper.

Single engine wheeled

A standard motor scraper is comprised of a bowl, an apron to drop down over a
load of material in order to
retain it, and an ejector to
hydraulically push out the load. Due to its hydraulic system, these components can
all function independently
V

Dual engine
wheeled
Scrapers can be very
efficient on short hauls
where the cut-and-fill areas
are close together and have
sufficient length to fill the
hopper. The heavier
scraper types have two
engines (‘tandem
powered’), one driving the
front wheels, one driving the rear wheels.

Pull type
Pull scrapers are able to
move in soft, wet soils, as
well as sand. Unlike the
motor scraper, pull scrapers
are not motorized and must
therefore be pulled by
another vehicle.

Shovel
A shovel used for digging and
loading earth or fragmented
rock and for mineral
extraction.

Electric
An electric mining shovel is a
bucket-equipped machine consisting of a revolving deck with a power
plant, tracks, a counterweight, and a front attachment, such as a boom. The digging
phase consists of
crowding the dipper into the bank, hoisting the dipper to fill it, then,

Hydraulic
The hydraulic mining shovel has been widely used for coal and rock loading since
the 1970s. The hydraulic system of power transmission greatly simplifies the power
train, eliminates a number of mechanical components that are present in the shovel.

Underground Mining
Continuous Miner
A machine with a large rotating steel drum equipped with tungsten carbide teeth
that scrape coal from the
seam. Operating in a
“room and pillar” system –
where the mine is divided
into a series of 20-to-30
foot “rooms” or work
areas cut into the coal bed

Personnel carrier
Personnel vehicles are
used to transport miners
and equipment from the
surface of the mine to the
underground working
locations.

Scissor Lift
Scissor lifts are used
as a safe way for
workers in
underground and
surface operations to
reach elevated
work

Scoop tram
A rubber tired, battery or
diesel-operated piece of
equipment designed for
cleaning runways and
hauling
supplies

Shotcreter
Shotcreter is a mechanized shotcrete spraying system developed specifically for
underground groundsupport
applications. Shotcrete is
concrete (or sometimes mortar)
conveyed through a hose and
pneumatically projected at high
velocity onto a surface, as a
construction technique.

Shuttle car
In room-and-pillar systems,
electric-powered, rubber-
tired vehicles called shuttle
cars haul coal from the
face to the intermediate
haulage system
Transmixer
The transmixer sprays concrete in underground mines

Water Tank
The Water
tank spray and
provide water
in Eath work
and other task