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LA CONSOLACION COLLEGE – CALOOCAN

496 A. Mabini St., Caloocan City
PAASCU Accredited Level III (GS) / Level III (JHS)
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
SY 2021-2022

THE PANDEMICS IMPACT ON SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’

MENTAL HEALTH

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

For PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2

Carmona, Adryll D.
Depangco, Hanna R.
Patiga, Glorie Mae H.
Lim, Kristine Jade R.
Sentillas, Hannah J.
December 2020
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Acknowledgement

I would like to thank those people who have contributed to the successful

completion of this work:

First and foremost, praises and thanks to God, the Almighty, for His

showers of blessings throughout our research work to complete the research

successfully.

I would like to express my deep and sincere gratitude to my research

teacher, Dr. Jeetendra Vaswani for giving us the opportunity to do research and

provide invaluable guidance throughout this research. His dynamism, vision,

sincerity and motivation have deeply inspired us and to present the research

work as clearly as possible. It was a great privilege and honor to study under his

guidance.

The completion of this research could not have been possible without the

participation and assistance of so many people whose names may not all be

enumerated. Their contributions are sincerely appreciated and gratefully

acknowledged.

Above all, to Great Almighty, the author of knowledge and wisdom, for his

countless love.

We thank you.
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Table of Contents

Chapter 1 – The Problem and Its Background Pages

Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………..5

Introduction………………………………………………………………………………6

Review of Related Literature…………………………………………………………..7

Synthesis……………………………………………………………………………….15

Statement of the Problem…………………………………………………………….16

Theoretical Framework………………………………………………………………..17

Conceptual Framework……………………………………………………………….19

Scope and Limitations of the Study…………………………………………….……20

Significance of the Study……………………………………………………………...21

Definition of Terms…………………………………………………………………….22

Chapter 2 – Methodology

Research Design………………………………………………………………………25

Research Locale………………………………………………………………….……26

Population and Sampling……………………………………………………….…….26

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Participants of the Study……………………………………………………….……..27

Research Instruments…………………………………………………………………27

Validation of the Instrument…………………………………………………………..28

Data Gathering Procedure……………………………………………………………29

Statistical Treatment of Data………………………………………………………....30

Data Analysis…………………………………………………………………………..31

Ethical Considerations………………………………………………………………...32

Chapter 3 – Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data……………..36

Chapter 4 – Summary, Conclusion, Recommendation

Summary of Findings………………………………………………………………….45

Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………...47

Recommendation………………………………………………………………………48

Other Items

Reference………………………………………………………………………………49

Appendices……………………………………………………………………………..52
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Curriculum Vitae……………………………………………………………………….55

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to learn more about the viewpoints of senior high

school students whose mental health has been affected by the epidemic. This

study can be utilized to design psychological therapies to improve the mental

health of senior high school students. The descriptive technique was adopted by

the researchers in this study. The descriptive approach is used to describe,

document, analyze, and interpret the present nature, composition, or processes

of events.

In this context, the term "mental well-being" has gradually been integrated into

the study of mental health in order to account for the positive aspects of mental

health through view of the lack of negative aspects. During the pandemic,

COVID-19-related problems such as economic pressures, impacts on everyday

living, and academic delays were shown to be strongly correlated with mental

health problems in senior high school students.

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Chapter 1

Introduction

The government announced enhanced community quarantine (ECQ) because of

the Covid-19 pandemic in this year 2020, specifically March 16, 2020. This virus

creates several difficulties not just in the Philippines but around the world. One of

the challenges that our country has encountered is how we would handle the

impact of this pandemic on young people's mental health. Since the outbreak,

there has been a significant decrease in the need of pediatric mental health

services. While virtual access to mental health services has grown, school-based

mental health services have likely declined as a result of closures. Between

February and October 2020, the number of children getting mental health

treatments among medicaid and children's health Insurance Program (CHIP)

enrollees under the age of 18 decreased by half (Emma Anderson, 2020)

This study will give information about the impact of the pandemic on Filipino

youth mental health. This research seeks to educate everyone about how Filipino

youth managed their problems throughout the pandemic, and to create

awareness about the mental health and psychological well-being of Filipino youth

during this time. We, the researchers, have come up with this topic to stimulate

interest. This is why we want to explore what the problems are and what their

coping mechanisms are.

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Review of Related Literature

This chapter will show and present the other research study related to our topic,

so that, we could elaborate and discuss our topic deeper. By including the review

of related literature on our study, it could help us strengthen out claims and point.

Other than that, we would be able to see other perspective or side of other

researches.

What is Mental Health?

Mental Health refers to the behavior and emotional well-being of a person; it

talks about on how they socialize and how they communicate with other people.

Mental health affects the daily living, relationships, and physical health. It also

describes different mental illness and disorder such as anxiety, depression and

stress that can affect your human being.

Mental health also signified as the way on how people response and attend their

responsibilities and reaching some activities in their everyday life. Coming from

the history mental disorder has 3 different kinds such as supernatural,

somatogenic, and psychogenic. Supernatural is refers to the mental illness and a

possession by evil or demonic spirits by committing sins in your life. Somatogenic

is the actions in acting and affecting the body of a person. While the psychogenic
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is the disease of having physical disorder like seizure and collapse that may

happen anytime.

Anxiety is the most common mental health disorder that young people are

experiencing. This condition causes a person to have severe fear in things and

problems that they are dealing with; having this condition can cause a person to

have fear and avoid things that can cause nervousness. The second factor is

depression. With this condition, you will experience a loss of interest in any

activities you have been doing on a daily basis. Eating and doing things that

make you happy are two examples of these conditions. You are constantly

thinking negatively and crying every night because of the things that bring you

down.

What is the Pandemic?

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a viral infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2

virus. The majority of those infected with the virus will experience mild to

moderate respiratory symptoms and will recover without requiring medical

attention. Some, on the other hand, will become critically ill and necessitate

medical attention. The elderly and those with underlying medical conditions such

as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, or cancer are

more likely to suffer from serious illness. COVID-19 can make anyone sick,

causing them to become critically ill or die at any age.

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According to experts, SARS-CoV-2 is thought to have originated in bats.

Coronaviruses cause both Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and severe

acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). SARS-CoV-2 infected humans at one of

Wuhan's open-air "wet markets." Customers can buy fresh meat and seafood, as

well as live animals killed on the spot. Wild or prohibited species sold at some

wet markets include cobras, wild boars, and raccoon dogs. In crowded

environments, viruses from different animals can swap genes. When a virus

undergoes significant changes, it can begin to infect and spread among humans.

The SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes the illness, is known to spread in a variety

of ways between humans. When an infected person coughs, sneezes, speaks,

sings, or breathes, microscopic liquid particles from their mouth or nose spread

the virus. Among the particles are larger respiratory droplets and smaller

aerosols.

Pandemics Impact in PH

As the world grapples with the public health emergency and economic crisis

posed by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, developing

countries are disproportionately affected. The difficulties that industrialized

countries face in responding to the epidemic, despite their abundance of

resources, stable economies, and well-established healthcare infrastructures, are

compounded and intensified for developing countries. In the event of a

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pandemic, the challenges of fulfilling even the most basic health needs in

impoverished countries become considerably more acute, and physical health

takes priority over mental health.

The Society for Research on Adolescence (SRA) partnered with eleven other

international research societies to better understand the long-term impact of the

COVID-19 pandemic on youth development and ways that we as societies can

promote resilience and healing in anticipation of widespread and disparate

implications of the pandemic on youth development. Within its clutches, the

pandemic presents a scientific opportunity to learn more about how cultural and

national ecologies influence global juvenile development. Given the diversity of

the pandemic experience, this agenda must include different voices and

perspectives, particularly those of youth and those who care for and engage with

them.

The outbreak of a new viral pandemic in 2020 shook people all across the world.

To protect people from the new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, schools, businesses,

and houses of worship around the world closed their doors, radically altering

daily life. Young people attempted to make sense of the COVID-19 epidemic by

looking for knowledge to help them understand how the virus works.
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Covid-19 has had far-reaching consequences for society in areas other than the

health of those afflicted. It has a profound impact on both society and economy.

The pandemic's consequences are serious and vary by country. The epidemic

has impacted people's lives as well as global trade and mobility. Tourism,

medicines, and solar power are among the businesses and sectors that have

slowed as a result of the sickness. The illness has far-reaching implications in the

healthcare, economic, and social sectors.

Pandemics Impact on Worldwide Scale

The majority of COVID-19 infected persons recover, although the mortality toll in

Asia-Pacific is significant. The elderly and those with pre-existing medical

conditions have greater death rates. By the beginning of October 2020, over 140

300 people will have died, accounting for over 12% of all fatalities globally.

COVID-19 has put economies and health systems to the test, as well as putting

tremendous strain on front-line health workers. According to data on recorded

deaths, India, the Philippines, and China were the most affected in the first nine

months of 2020. COVID-19 has had a significant impact on the economy and

health systems of nations and territories. It is vital to ensure that economic

pressures do not redirect already scarce resources away from essential health

services in low- and middle-income nations, whether during or after the epidemic

has ended.
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COVID19 has had a huge health, economic, and political impact in Southeast

Asia, but the virus has not expanded as quickly as it has elsewhere. There is

much to be learned from nations in the sub-regions reaction to date, since

governments responded quickly despite limited fiscal headroom to contain the

epidemic and avert its worst impacts. Nonetheless, the epidemic has caused

genuine suffering in many areas of the globe, with a disproportionate impact on

the most vulnerable, and it has exposed existing inequities, governance issues,

and the unsustainable nature of the present growth path. It has exacerbated

existing dangers and highlighted new ones, including those affecting peace and

security, as well as human rights.

Effects of Pandemic

Many students are reporting specific negative effects on their mental health and

well-being, such as difficulty sleeping (36%) or eating (32%) due to worry and

stress over the coronavirus, increases in alcohol consumption or substance use

(12%), and worsening chronic conditions (12%), according to a KFF Health

Tracking Poll from July 2020. As the epidemic progresses, continuing and

required public health actions expose a growing number of people to scenarios

that are connected to poor mental health outcomes, such as isolation and job

loss.
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Concerns regarding mental health and substance usage have developed

throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly concerns about suicide ideation.

In January 2021, 41% of individuals reported anxiety and/or depressive disorder

symptoms, a percentage that has been relatively consistent since spring 2020.

According to a poll conducted in June 2020, 13% of people reported new or

increased substance usage as a result of coronavirus-related stress, and 11% of

adults had suicidal thoughts in the previous 30 days. Suicide rates have been

rising for some time and may intensify as a result of the pandemic. Drug

overdose deaths spiked from March to May 2020, coinciding with the onset of

pandemic-related lockdowns, according to early 2020 data.

Prior to the current crisis, there were significant rates of mental illness and

substance abuse, thus mental suffering during the epidemic is not surprising.

Prior to the epidemic, one out of every ten adults had anxiety or depressed

symptoms. Nearly one-fifth of all individuals in the United States (47 million)

reported having a mental disease. Over 48,000 Americans died by suicide in

2018,3 and nearly eleven million adults expressed severe thoughts of suicide in

the previous year on average between 2017 and 2018. Furthermore, as a result

of the opioid crisis, drug overdose mortality were four times greater in 2018 than

they were in 1999.

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An earlier study conducted in June 2020 found comparable results for young

adults when compared to all individuals. The poll also discovered that substance

abuse and suicidal ideation are more prevalent among young adults, with 25%

stating that they began or escalated substance abuse during the pandemic

(compared to 13% of all adults) and 26% having serious thoughts of suicide

(compared to 11 percent of all adults). Young adults were already at high risk of

poor mental health and substance use disorder prior to the coronavirus

pandemic, but many did not obtain treatment.

The epidemic has short- and long-term repercussions for mental health and

substance use, particularly for individuals at risk of developing or exacerbating

mental illnesses, as well as those who face barriers to treatment. COVID-19

vaccinations are being administered in phases across the country, possibly

heralding the end of the epidemic. However, given the slow and troubled rollout

of vaccinations across the country, cases of people refusing the vaccine due to

fear or uncertainty, and the need for vaccinated people to continue taking

existing precautions, many of the stressful conditions used to mitigate the spread

of the coronavirus are likely to persist for the foreseeable future.

The epidemic has undoubtedly impacted mental health in a variety of ways,

including widespread social isolation as a result of necessary safety measures.

Social isolation and loneliness have been linked to poor mental and physical
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health in a large body of studies. Even before the pandemic, the widespread

sense of loneliness had been a public health problem due to its link to a shorter

lifespan and a higher risk of both mental and physical disorders.

Synthesis

The COVID-19 pandemic is having a large impact on people's lives, particularly

young people's lives. Schools and universities have closed, exams and events

have been postponed, health information services are limited, and interaction

with friends and family is restricted, if not outright disallowed in some regions. For

young people's social, physical, and emotional well-being, living in these

circumstances can be tough. COVID-19 is expected to have a large impact on

psychology and mental health, and it may affect a higher percentage of people,

with youths being the most vulnerable population.

We wanted to see how COVID-19 affected the mental health of youth. COVID-19

has been linked to mental health changes in teenagers, emphasizing that

COVID-19 management should also include mental health considerations. The

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psychological concerns which have already followed the global spread of the

coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak have quickly heightened the

pandemic's public health burden (Torales et al., 2020). According to new

research examining the mental health implications of COVID-19, the general

public has an increased prevalence of moderate-to-severe self-reported

depression and anxious symptomatology (Wang et al., 2020), indicating the

widespread effects of uncertainty and health-related fears. However, more

research beyond the population level is needed to fully understand the

individualized disturbance of lives and routines caused by COVID-19, as well as

the psychological effects.

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Statement of the Problem

The study aims to determine whether the pandemic's impact on senior high

school students' is affecting their mental health. In particular, it attempts to

answer the following questions:

1. What are the challenges faced by Senior High School Students amidst the

pandemic?

2. What are the practices done by Senior High School Students to maintain

their good mental health?

3. Based on the findings how can parents, teachers, and schools promote

healthy mental health?

4. How can we raise the awareness of mental health issues to senior high

school students amidst the pandemic?

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Theoretical Framework

The study is anchored on from the theoretical support of Metacognitive Theory by

John Flavell (1979). Students' mental illnesses are a problem that educators

must be prepared to deal with by strategically integrating learning strategies and

theories they can use this learning process (Nist & Holschuh, 2012; Pintrich,

2012). Students who can master these strategies, transfer them from academic

to nonacademic (i.e., mental illness-related) settings, and adapt them to relevant

situations have the ability to apply learning theory to learning about and knowing

themselves, as well as flexible learning tools.

Metacognition is the overarching theme in the myriad theories and strategies

students can use to mitigate the effects of mental illness on academic

performance. Metacognition is an excellent example of a possible technique for

dealing with senior high school students who are suffering from mental illness
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and their learning. If students with mental health issues can apply metacognitive

skills to their daily lives, they will have the tools to help them in both their

academic and personal lives.

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Conceptual Framework

Profile ofINPUT
Senior High PROCESS OUTPUT

School Students
-Different Impacts of the
1) Questionnaire
a) Age Pandemic to the Mental

Health of Senior High

b) Sex 2) Data Collection of
School Students
c) Grade Students Profile
-Perceptions of Students
d) Strand 3) Data Gathering
during pandemic

4) Statistical -The following duties of

Treatment parents, teachers and

schools to maintain a good

mental health for Students

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework of the study.

Figure 1 shows the Conceptual framework of the study. This study shows the

input which included the profile of senior high school students including the age,

sex, grade level and strand. As what can be seen, researchers included the

process is survey using questionnaires and the data collection of students profile

similarly to the aforementioned figure and the process of data gathering and

statistical treatment. The output of this study would be the different impacts of the

pandemic to the mental health of senior high school students including their
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perceptions and the following duties of parents, teachers and schools to maintain

a good mental health for the students.

Scope and Limitations of the Study

The goal of this research is to learn about the perspectives of senior high school

students whose mental health has been impacted by the pandemic. We will look

into not only the pandemic's impact on senior high school mental health, but also

its purpose and main goal. As researchers, we want to learn more about the

situation that our respondent was in. According to our findings, resilience and

positive coping lead to improved psychological and mental health in students.

Negative coping, on the other hand, is a risk factor for psychological and mental

health. During the COVID-19 pandemic, this study can be used to develop

psychological interventions to improve the mental health of junior high and senior

high school students.

Since the survey will be conducted by online platform, respondents may not have

provided accurate information for the study, which may have an impact on the

study's findings. Our survey had a small sample size when compared to typical

survey-only studies; however, the survey interview approach allows for the

capture of elaboration and additional clarifying details, and thus complements the

survey-based approaches of previous studies focusing on student mental health

during this pandemic. As a result, more research is needed in the future to use a
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stratified nationwide sample from a broader range of disciplines to verify and

amend these findings.

Significance of the Study

This study intends to help not only students but also parents, teachers, schools

as well as future researchers to gain information about the pandemics impact to

the mental health of senior high school students. This study is beneficial to the

following groups of people:

Department of Education- The result of the study would be beneficial to their

following students. This will help them to be aware of the pandemics impact to

the mental health of students. They can use this study to further investigate this

particular topic and use it to produce good result.

Senior High School Students- The study will provide knowledge to the students

on how mental health topic is relevant as physical health. This research will help

develop student’s resiliency to cope with whatever life throws. They may benefit

as they grow into well-rounded healthy adults.

Parents- This study allow them to be aware of what is going on with their kid and

to assist with what their child is going through. The research benefits the parents

of the children special needs.

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Future Researchers - This study will serve as a guide to develop future study.

Also this study would help the future researchers to be aware and

knowledgeable.

Definition of Terms

Abundance - a very large quantity of something.

Aerosols - a substance enclosed under pressure and able to be released as a

fine spray, typically by means of a propellant gas.

Anchored - a person or thing that can be relied on for support, stability, or

security; mainstay.

Burden - a load, typically a heavy one.

Cope - (of a person) deal effectively with something difficult.

Disturbance - the interruption of a settled and peaceful condition.

Exacerbated - to make more violent, bitter, or severe.

Grapples - engage in a close fight or struggle without weapons; wrestle.

Integrating - (of an instrument) indicating the mean value or total sum of a

measured quantity.

Interventions - the action or process of intervening.

Investigate - carry out a systematic or formal inquiry to discover and examine the

facts of (an incident, allegation, etc.) so as to establish the truth.

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Mental Well Being - It is defined as a state of well-being in which every individual

realizes his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can

work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his

community."

Metacognition - awareness and understanding of one's own thought processes.

Outbreak - the sudden or violent start of something unwelcome, such as war,

disease, etc.

Psychogenic - : originating in the mind or in mental or emotional conflict.

Psychological Well Being - used to describe an individual's emotional health and

overall functioning.

Repercussions - an unintended consequence occurring some time after an event

or action, especially an unwelcome one.

Resiliency - the capacity to recover quickly from difficulties; toughness.

Somatogenic - the development of behavioral or personality traits or disorders as

a result of anatomical, physiological, or biochemical changes in the body.

Stimulate - raise levels of physiological or nervous activity in (the body or any

biological system).

Strain - an act of straining or the condition of being strained

Stratified - formed or arranged into strata or layers.

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Supernatural - (of a manifestation or event) attributed to some force beyond

scientific understanding or the laws of nature.

Symptomatology - the set of symptoms characteristic of a medical condition or

exhibited by a patient.

Tremendous - very great in amount, scale, or intensity.

Uncertainty - the state of being uncertain.

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Chapter 2

Research Methodology

In this chapter the researchers will present and discuss the research

method, research instrument, validation of instrument, and population and

sampling technique, participants of the study as well as the statistical treatment

and analysis of the study.

Research Design

The researchers will use the quantitative survey methodology as the study aims

to know the pandemics impact to the mental health of senior high school

students in Caloocan City. Specifically, a structured survey will be prepared by

the researchers to be answered by our respondents. Researchers used

descriptive method in this study because they believed that this was the correct

method to use because it required some data comparison and analysis. It is used

because it aims to analyze and discuss the status of the current phenomenon.
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In conducting this research, quantitative research is applied. It is used because it

includes gathering data in order to quantify information and subject it to statistical

analysis in order to support or disprove "alternative knowledge claims.".

Qualitative research is also known as an effective approach that takes place in a

natural context and allows the researcher to build a degree of depth by being

deeply immersed in the actual experiences. (Creswell, 2003)

Research Locale

This study will be conducted is in Senior High Schools in Caloocan City. The

respondents will be answering our survey using Google Forms in any device that

they may use. The researchers chose the place of implementation because it will

give the researchers the needed information in our study. The study will be

conducted in the first semester of the academic year 2021-2022.

Population and Sampling

The target population of the study is the (150) Senior High School Students in the

city of Caloocan, Metro Manila, Philippines as these were suitable to be the

respondents. The researchers believe that these participants are enough to

provide sufficient and essential information to answer the question in the study.

The respondent will be chosen using a simple random sampling technique. The

researchers used simple random sampling since it is the easiest way to gather

respondents and conduct a survey.

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Participants of the Study

The proponents selected the senior high school students from Caloocan City to

be the respondents of the study, preferably aged from 16 to 20 years olds

students. The proponent had come up with 150 students as respondents having

the most of percentage coming from 16 to 18 years old from senior high school

students. This study will serve as the basis for senior high school students’

mental health to see whether the impact of the pandemic affected them.

Research Instrument

Researchers will be using questionnaire in this study. The questionnaire is a set

of orderly arranged questions carefully prepared to answer by a group of people

designed to collect fact and information. The questionnaire will be about the

different circumstances the senior high school students are encountering during

pandemic. We used Likert Scale Method in the survey questionnaire to be

answered by the respondents using google forms and to specify the level of
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agreement of the respondents to the statement. The participants may use a

mobile phone, laptop, computer, or any gadget and an internet connection to

access the Google form that they will complete.

Validation of Instruments

This study's assessment of instrument validation aims to give assistance for

reviewers, editors, writers, and readers by presenting several validity

approaches.. Instrument validation is an important step that researchers should

take to assure the creation of scientifically sound knowledge. Face Validity is

conducted among our classmates to test if it will work and whether it is valid and

could be used in the future. For the Content Validity, we gathered three experts

for comments suggestions and corrections, they assessed the questionnaires to

test that the desired traits are measured. This is to ensure the clarity of the

survey instruction and level of difficulty of the questions asked.

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Data Gathering Procedure

Permission from the school

Provide the instructions to
teacher is a must before
respondents and the consent
developing a research
form for agreement. Then
questionnaire to be approved
administer the survey
by three experts to ensure
questionnaires using google
the clarity of questions made
forms.
for the respondents.

After the date is gathered

encode and analyze and
apply the given statistical
methods to be presented in
tables.

The researchers gathered data by giving survey questionnaires to the selected

respondents from Caloocan City. The researchers created the survey by using

suitable questions modified from related research and individual questions. The

result from the survey were made into conclusion and the researchers
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summarized the information based in the hypothesis and provided insightful

recommendations. Statistical tools were used in presenting and interpreting the

data gathered. The researchers used tables that are properly labeled to present

the gathered data. Frequency, percentage and mean was used to represent the

relationship of the individual data with the whole.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The researchers used questionnaire that is composed of structured question as a

tool on gathering the needed data. As soon as the researchers gathered the

data, categorized, arranged and tabulated. They were subjected to statistical

analysis in order to answer the study's questions using frequency count, mean,

percent and rank. The data gathered from the questionnaire will be organized

and presented into tables.

1. Frequency distribution is an arrangement of the data which shows the

frequency of different values or groups of variables.

2. Percentage is to be used to determine the proportion of each given data by

using the formula.

%=(F/N X 100)
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Where:

%=Percentage

F=No. of respondents

N=total number of cases

Data Analysis

The survey contains three types of data: data that categorizes and defines

individuals, data that categorizes people's behavior, and data that shows

perceptions, attitudes, opinions, and beliefs. The Statistical Program for Social

Sciences (SPSS) Version 11.5 computer package and Excel spreadsheets were

used to analyze the data. Knowledge, perceptions, behavior, attitude, and

demographics are common themes utilized to handle this data. The data

acquired from personal interviews was analyzed using content analysis. The

fundamental advantage of content analysis is that it helps in the reduction and

simplification of data collected, while also providing outcomes that can be

quantified quantitatively. Furthermore, content analysis enables researchers to

organize qualitative data acquired in a way that fulfills the achievement of study

objectives. Human error, on the other hand, is deeply involved in content

analysis, as there is a possibility that researchers would misunderstand the data

acquired, resulting in incorrect and inaccurate results (Krippendorff & Bock,

2008). The data was then checked and explanations to data that appeared to
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stand alone were provided by comparing it to the data found in the literature

review.

Ethical Consideration

A consent form was shown to our respondents after providing them the

information about the purpose of the study. The ethical issue that appeared was

the need to protect the students’ experiences and information as it is shared

through our questionnaires. Next is the reminder for our respondents that they

have an option to keep their personal information from us for their anonymity.

They were reassured that all of the information provided will be treated as

confidential and only used for academic purposes only. Aside from the above,

participants were not harmed or abused, both physically and psychologically,

during the conduction of the research.

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Survey Questionnaire Sample

Section 1

Name

Age

Grade and Section

Gender

Section 2

Below is a list of statement dealing with your general feelings about yourself.

Please indicate how you strongly agree or disagree with the statement by putting

a check mark on each statement.

SA- Strongly Agree A- Agree N- Neutral D- Disagree

SD- Strongly Disagree

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1. I feel like I can't cope up with others learning SA A N D SD

capabilities.
2. My internet connection slows down that it affects

my studies.
3. Teachers give a lot of assignments with minimal

due dates.
4. I feel unmotivated and drained after class.
5. I am not used to the new normal setting of online

classes.
6. I communicate with my friends and family through

social media.
7. I motivate myself to exercise daily.
8. I encourage myself that I can achieve my goals.
9. I am taking a lot of rest whenever I felt so drained

after class.
10. I keep myself active and develop new skills.
11. Parents should give focus to their children

especially when their online class is happening.

12. Teachers should give consideration for their

students in passing the activity given.

13. Implementing a mental health program every

month for students and teachers.

14. Allowing students to make time for themselves

every weekend by not giving some activity to do.

15. Giving a minimum numbers of worksheets or

activities to prevent students encounter mental health

illnesses.
16. Do you agree with making programs to raise

awareness about mental health?

17. Do you agree by making an advertisements about
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preventing having a mental disorder?

18. Do agree of having a program that talks about

how you encounter and how you prevent of having

mental disorder?
19. Do you agree of appointing counselling every

month?
20. Do you agree of having a club that can help to

raise awareness about mental health?

Chapter 3

Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

This chapter represents the analysis and interpretation of the data

gathered according to the specific problems of this study.

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1. Profile of the Senior High School Students

The total number of our respondents is one hundred fifty (150) and

distributed in Caloocan, Metro Manila they were distributed based from their age,

gender and strand.

1.1 Age of Respondents

Table 1.

In table 1, it is shown that most of our respondents are seventeen (17) years old

56.70 percent and the least is twenty (20) years old 2 percent from Senior High

School Students over Caloocan City. This denotes that most of the senior high

students ages are in the middle of 16 to 18 years old and 5.7% are from ages 19

to 20.

1.2 Gender of Respondents

Table 2.
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In table 2, fifty four (54) percent of our respondents are female, forty four (44)

percent of our respondents are male, and the least two (2) percent prefer not to

say their gender. The percentage in this table shows that there was no influenced

by bias in allocating the given questionnaires to various groups.

1.3 Strand of our Respondents

Table 3.

In table 3, it is shown that

HUMSS students ranked first (1 st) in the data of the respondents and the second

(2nd) to the highest are from STEM students, while GAS students got the least

from the respondents. It presents that majority of respondents are from HUMSS

students. Then followed by STEM and ABM students.

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2. Challenges faced by Senior High School Students

Table 4.
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Table 4 shows that most of the senior high school students agree about the

challenges they are facing in learning through this new learning modalities. For

the reason that online learning was a hard adjustment, from missing important

periods of your education to being unable to access your education due to the

internet. Many people have found it more difficult to study as a result of the shift

in teaching methods presently available. As observed, there was indeed a

deprivation between students and the situation during this pandemic because

students feel like they aren’t a part of the school community due to distance

learning. Additionally, senior high school students mostly agree that they are

having a difficulty in keeping up during remote instruction.

3. Practices done by Senior High School Students to maintain their good mental

health

Table 5.
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It is revealed in the table 5 that communicating with friends and encouraging

themselves in achieving their goals helps them boost their mental health. In the

interest of social support does not only relieves psychological stress during

epidemics, but it also transforms people's perceptions of social support and help-

seeking tactics. This finding implies that during public health emergencies, strong

and substantial social assistance is required. With this result, the researchers

developed an impression that having people with a strong family or social

connections are much healthier and taking care of yourself physically and

emotionally can improve your mental health. Learning how to deal with stress is

also a good coping skill when you provide yourself time and energy for your

favorite hobbies or projects.

4. How can parents, teachers, and schools promote healthy mental health

Table 6.
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As shown in table 6, majority of the respondents strongly agreed to the

statements on how can we promote healthy mental health, parents should focus

on their child’s mental health by keeping communication open and honest. Ask

about what they feel considering that your child can have more than one emotion

about something and since we are in a new learning style, teachers should use

effective questioning tactics to assist students in activating relevant prior to

knowledge, as well as offer students with time to think and regular opportunities

to speak. Counseling interventions in schools can help to promote mental

wellness. Students' socio-emotional competence and psychological resilience

may be strengthened by teaching socio-emotional skills such as emotion control,

conflict resolution, and problem solving.

5. Raising an awareness of mental health to senior high school students

Table 7.
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In table 7, most of the senior high school students’ strongly agree that mental

health is seriously affected with the public health problems during this pandemic,

and they deserve the attention, assistance, and support of society, families, and

universities. It is advised that the government and institutions work together to

tackle this problem so that senior high school students may receive high-quality,

timely crisis-oriented psychological care. And in viewing in this sense, it can be

stated that receiving treatment from psychological and medical professionals is

the best thing students and their families can do when faced by a mental health

issue.

6. Perceptions of Senior High School Students

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Based on findings from research on the impact of academic disruptions on

students, it is reasonable to assume that as a direct result of these measures,

students may experience lower motivation for studies, increased pressures to

learn independently, abandonment of daily routines, and possibly higher rates of

dropout.

Research on positive mental health is relatively new but has grown rapidly in the

last decades fueled by advocates of positive medicine and psychology, who have

argued for a change of paradigm from medical and psychopathological-oriented

models of mental health that focus on disorders and illness toward more

strength-based approaches, which pay more attention to what is right about

people and positive attributes and assets (Kobau et al., 2011).

According to the findings of this study, senior high school students' mental health

during the pandemic was linked to their studies, home, parental income, whether

they lived with their parents, and if a family or friend was infected with COVID-19.

However, contrary to prior studies, no significant differences in gender or location

were found.
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Further study of the influence of COVID-19 on student mental health is

suggested as a timely call to action. Priorities should include educational

distractions, adaptations of habitual coping techniques, and actions adopted by

academic institutions to prevent negative academic and psychological results.

Chapter 4

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations

This chapter presents the summary of the research, conclusion and

recommendations based on the result of our study.

Summary of Findings
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The researchers estimated the pandemic's influence on senior high school

students' mental health based on the data acquired and analyzed in the previous

chapter.

The challenges faced by senior high school students during the pandemic are

70% of our respondents can't keep up with others' learning abilities, senior high

school students are not used to the new normal setting of online class, they are

unmotivated and drained after online class, and internet connection also affects

the mental health of senior high school students because they overthink that they

might not be able to keep up with others.

Senior high school students exercise every day, encourage themselves that they

can achieve their goals, stay active and learn new skills, communicate with

friends, family, and classmates using social media, and relax when they are

exhausted after an online class, this is what senior high school students do to

maintain healthy mental health.

According to the researchers' findings, students, teachers, and schools can

promote healthy mental health among senior high school students by creating

advertisements about preventing having a mental disorder, having a program

that talks about how you encounter and prevent having a mental disorder,
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appointing counseling every month, and having a club that can help raise

awareness about mental health.

We can improve mental health awareness in senior high school by introducing a

mental health program for students and instructors every month and enabling

students to make time for themselves every weekend by not assigning

schoolwork.

Conclusions

According to the respondents' responses, senior high school students are finding

it difficult to deal the different problems during this pandemic. Most of the senior

high school students stated that they can't focus on their studies because of the

new learning modalities but they needed to encourage themselves to achieve

their goals. This pandemic causes so many difficulties about their studies and
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deprivation to their mental health. Students need so much time to cope with their

mental health problems and based on the findings students also find that mental

health awareness programs are also needed every month.

On the other side, we find that the students' mental health issues might have

been triggered by the quarantine's constantly rising distances between

individuals. We researchers, also find that majority of the Senior High School

student suffers from deprivation this pandemic in terms of their mental health. In

behalf of it, they needed a strong parental guidance, and an academic

consideration for a reason that senior high school students’ mental health issues

may be reduced by teaching them good preventative practices, communicating

with them about their problems, and providing them a sense of control over their

infection risk. This difference shows that as a result of the pandemic, male and

female students faced equivalent stressors and negative experiences.

Recommendations

Based from the analysis and results interpretations, we researchers recommend

the following:
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1. New researches may aid the development of student-centered support

programs and the prevention of long term negative effects on student education

and mental health.

2. Expanding the implementation of conducting a Project Mental Health

Awareness (PHMA) in each schools. It is a self-sustaining initiative designed to

be integrated into senior high student curriculum in order to raise mental health

awareness and encourage early detection among teenagers.

3. Seminars on parenting will also be a great help for the students because they

are also responsible for helping their children to cope up with life challenges this

pandemic and they should tend to be their children’s shoulder to lean on.

4. The use of social media and technology to raise mental health awareness

such as conducting seminars and other online activities and current help in the

absence of face-to-face contact.

5. Support for online and digital media in any format or channel can be also be

helpful and Self-help mechanisms techniques and coping strategies such as TV

programs on mental health and ways to keep calm and an information or guide

on how to manage specific illnesses.

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APPENDIX I: PROOF OF VALIDATION

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APPENDIX II: CONSENT FORM

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Curriculum Vitae
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