The University of Cambodia

College of social science

Course: RES301
Lecturer: Travis Mitchell
Session Morning
Topic: The perspective of UC students on government
decision during COVID-19
GROUP 4 Member:
Ho Vouch Eang
Roun Panha
Chen sorita
Men chanreaksmey
Seang socheata
Chhoeurng thavy
public
 Acknowledgement (by Ho Vouch Eang)
First of all, we would like to say big thank to teacher Travis Mitchell that provide us the
opportunity to learn about what is research and allow us to do project under topic the
perspective of UC student on government decision during COVID-19. As we are in team we
really appreciate your useful guideline and beautiful advice that help us improve our research
paper even though in the past we don’t know what is a real research paper? Also thank to all
group 4 member that try to achieve this whole research paper with their effort and
commitment to make this paper completely done. Last but not least, we also need to say thank
you to those who help us survey and get data to complete our final paper.

Table of content Page

Abstract
I. Introduction
1.Background information………………………………………………………4
2. Problem statement………………………………………………………………4
3. Research question……………………………………………………………….5
4. Research objective.….………………………………………………………...5
5. Limitation………………………………………………………………….….…...5
II. Literature review
1. Definition of COVID-19…………………………………………………….5
2. Suggestion from WHO to the public world to reduce the
epidemic of COVID-19………………………………………………………6
3. Cambodia government response…………………………………………7
4. Closing education institution……………………………………………….7
5. Closing entertainment venue……………………………………………….7
6. Restricted movement during Khmer new year…………………….7
7. The ways to overcome the COVID-19.……………………………….8
III. Methodology
1. Research tool………………………………………………………………………8
2. Sampling technique…………………………………………………………….8
3. Analysis technique………………………………………………………………9
IV. Finding……………………………………………………………………..………..….9
V. Discussion…………………………………………………………………………….12
VI. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………….13
VII. Recommendation…………………………………………………………………..13
VIII. Reference………………………………………………………………………………14
Abstract ( by Ho Vouch Eang)
The corona virus known as COVD-19 that outbreak originated in Wuhan, china in late 2019.
There are many countries has been infected by the virus and start living in quarantine including
Cambodia. Since the COVID-19 has been spread in Cambodia the government has announce to
close the education institution, entertainment venue and have a restrict movement during Khmer
new year. So, this research paper will provide the opinion and perspective of UC student on
government decision during COVID-19 throughout the online survey.

I. Introduction
1. Background of information （By Seang Socheata）
The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic is an
ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It caused by severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus ( SARS-CoV-2). That the outbreak originated in Wuhan, China, in early
(December 2019). And the World Health Organization declared the outbreak a Public Health
Emergency of International Concern on 30 January. Moreover, the WHO recognized the spread
of COVID-19 as a pandemic on (11 March 2020). COVID-19 is a new disease it transmitting
between animal and human and the ways it spreads between people are under investigation, it
spreads through air; the number of new infections caused by one infected person and how long the
virus remains infectious on surfaces. It spreads very efficiently and sustainably between people–
easier than influenza, but not as efficiently as measles. This disease is spread during close contact,
often by small droplets produced during coughing, sneezing, or talking. During close contact, (1
to 2 metres,3 to 6 feet), people catch the disease after breathing in contaminated droplets that
were exhaled by infected people.
2. Problem statement (By Seang Socheata)
Coronavirus is still continue spreading across the world, with more than four million
confirmed cases in 187 countries. Nearly 300 000 people have lost their live. (BBC News)
Ironically, the COVID19 pandemic has affected education systems worldwide, leading to the near-
total closures of school, universities and colleges. As of 10 May 2020, approximately 1.268 billion
learners are currently affected due to school closures in response to the pandemic According to
UNICEF monitoring,177 countries are currently implementing nationwide closures and 13 are
implementing local closures, impacting about 73.5 percent of the world's student’s population.
However, in response to school closures, UNICEF recommended the use of distance learning
programs and open educational applications and platforms that schools and teachers can use to
reach learners remotely and limit the disruption of education. In addition, no matter where you are
in the world; here in Cambodia, UNESCO office is making every effort, in collaboration with
development partners to support the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport (MoEYS) to ensure
continuous learning for all during school closures, as well as raise awareness about COVID19
prevention. Furthermore, this would be a best chance for us to increase perceptible on students'
thoughts about this situation. But according to the survey question that the Ministry of Education
had posted in social media by asking that “Why all the students want back to study at school as
normal?” 80 percent is raising about the challenges such as internet is poor, communication,
Difficult to understand the lesson, the assignments and quiz sometime make them feel burden,
technology using.

3. Research Question (By Chen Sorita)

We conducted a study about the lockdown period which importantly interest on the perspective of
UC students on the government. To conclude this study, we have formulated 3 research questions:
1) What do the UC students think about government decision related with the restricted
movements during Khmer New Year day?
2) What are the UC students' opinions on the restricted of the Ministry of Education, Youth and
Sports (have to close educational institutions for a while)?
3) What are the UC students' ideas on the restricted on entertainment venues (cinema, bar,
nightclub...) have to close to reduce epidemic of Covid-19?

4. Research Objective (By Chen Sorita)

The objective of this research paper are:
1) To realize the thought of students when the celebration of Khmer New Year was cancelled.
2) To catch up the students' outlook about stop providing with amusement in Cambodia.
3) To recognize university pupils' opinions on government's measures about closures school and
start to study E-learning program.

5. Limitation (By Chen Sorita)

The research paper is concentrated on reaction of students in the university and how they go
through the quarantine period in Cambodia. There were 100 respondents of The University of
Cambodia students in where we divide into two parts the questionnaires, for students who are from
province and Phnom Penh in the survey. We decided only given this survey to UC students because
of the limit time of research and due to being suitable for our purpose since it is our university.
Moreover, University of Cambodia is also practicing E-learning program. In addition, this paper
is known about the perspective of UC students to the government’s decision by required practicing
the policy that has adopted during this Covid-19 situation for university.

II. Literature Review

1. Definitions of COVID19 (By Ho Vouch Eang)
Base on (World Health Organization,2020) COVID-19 is the infectious disease caused by
the most recently discovered coronavirus. This new virus and disease were unknown before the
outbreak began in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. COVID-19 is now a pandemic affecting
many countries globally. The most common symptoms of COVID-19 are fever, dry cough, and
tiredness. Other symptoms that are less common and may affect some patients include aches and
pains, headache, sore throat, diarrhea, or lose small taste. Some people become infected but only
have very mild symptoms.
 People can catch COVID-19 from others who have the virus. The disease spreads
primarily from person to person through small droplets from the nose or mouth, which are
expelled when a person with COVID-19 coughs, sneezes, or speaks. These droplets can land on
objects and surfaces around the person such as tables, doorknobs and handrails. People can
become infected by touching these objects or surfaces, then touching their eyes, nose or mouth.

2. Suggestions from WHO to The Public World to Reduce the Epidemic of

COVID19 (By Ho Vouch Eang)

According to (World Health Organization) has advise against the application of travel or
trade restrictions to countries experiencing COVID-19 outbreaks base on the evidence shows that
restricting the movement of people and goods during public health emergencies is temporary
useful, such as in settings with few international connections and limited response capacities.
Travel also bans to affected areas and several countries has denial entry of passenger, restrict on
visa or quarantine for returning travelers. Travelers returning from affected areas should self-
monitor for symptoms for 14 days and follow national protocols of receiving countries. Some
countries may require returning travelers to enter quarantine. If symptoms occur, such as fever, or
cough or difficulty breathing, travelers are advised to contact local health care providers,
preferably by phone, and inform them of their symptoms and their travel history.

World Health Organization also approach to every individual and community, every
business and non-profit, every department of every government, every non-governmental
organization, every international organization, and every regional and global governance body that
have crucial role playing to stop COVID-19 like Communities must be empowered to ensure that
services and aid are planned and adapted based on their feedback and local contexts, Governments
must lead and coordinate the response across party lines to enable and empower all individuals
and communities to own the response through communication, education, engagement, capacity
building and support, Private companies must ensure the continuity of essential services such as
the food chain, public utilities, and the manufacture of medical supplies and for individual
themselves must practice the social distance, restrict movement and stay hygiene.

➢ Asian response to covid-19 (By Ho Vouch Eang)

In singapore according to (government of Singapore) on 13 May 2020, 12pm, Ministry of
health has confirmed an additional 675 cases of COVID-19 infection with 3851 got discharge
and 21 deaths. To respond with COVID-19 all the business and individual must uphold Good
safe management measures like telecommuting, avoiding face-to-face meetings, and regular
disinfection of common touch points and equipment should continue. Basic hygiene practices
such as staying home when unwell, and practicing good hand and personal hygiene must
continue (the ministry of health). Not only in Singapore, Thailand and many other countries also
start closing education institution and entertainment venue. Thailand also decide to putting off
their Songkran break.
 3.Cambodia government response (By Ho Vouch Eang)
According to Invalid source specified. on January, 27 the ministry of health has been
confirmed the first cast of coronavirus in Cambodia at Sihaknouk vile and it has continued to found
new cases in both Cambodian and foreigner from other province like kampong Cham and Siem
Reap. To prevent spreading the virus the government and the ministry of education, youth and
sport has decided to lockdown all kind of education institution and the public place like cinema
and sport club (Ministry of education youth and sport,2020).

3.1. Closing education institution (By Ho Vouch Eang)

According to (the ministry of education, youth and sport) on March, 16, 2020 has
announced that the cases of corona virus in Cambodia has continue to go up also the report
situation of COVID-19 from the world health organization, the government and the ministry of
education, youth and sport has announce to close of all public and private educational institutions
across the country, as the Cambodian government ramped up its response to the global pandemic,
almost two months after the first reported case in the country(Voice of american,2020). The
Ministry of Education added that the measure was intended to prevent the spread of the COVID-
19, following the discovery of a case in which a Cambodian had contracted the virus. Even though
the government has decided to closed the school but, the Ministry urged all Educational institutions
to promote and support distance learning and e-learning and encouraged parents and guardians to
make sure children are distance learning or e-learning at home (Khmer time, 2020).

3.2. closing entertainment venue (By Ho Vouch Eang)

On March 17 Cambodia decided to close all karaoke clubs and cinemas across the country
in order to prevent the spread of COVID-19. The closure was made at the behest of Cambodian
Prime Minister Samdech Techo Hun Sen. He said in the letter sent to Tourism Minister and
Governors of all cities and provinces across the kingdom. “The closure of the KTV clubs and
cinemas nationwide starts from March 17, 2020 until the situation of the COVID-19 eases,"
Bunheng said(Xinhua,2020). Not only the karaoke clubs and cinema is closed but, the gym and
the fitness center were also closed if they have public gatherings more than 10 people this
announcement started practice on April, 7,2020 (the ministry education youth and sports). In
entertainment places and gym centers where people physically contact each other, is a major driver
for spreading the virus (nelsonstar,2020).
3.3. Restricted movement during Khmer New year (By Ho Vouch Eang)
According to (Narin.S,09, April,2020), The Cambodian government Thursday evening
announced a one-week travel ban within the country, preventing all travel between provinces, and
even districts, on account of concerns garment workers were planning to disobey orders to work
through Khmer New Year. The order, which was signed by Hun Sen on Thursday, will come into
effect at midnight Thursday and last one week till April 16, spanning the entire duration of the
annual Khmer New Year holidays, which have been canceled this year due to the coronavirus
pandemic. “For national safety and the lives of people, I have no better choice than to issue this
order,” Hun Sen said on his Facebook page, publishing the two-page order.
 The travel ban prevents any travel between Phnom Penh and the 24 provinces, though
movement within the capital will continue unabated. Traveling between other provinces, with
movement down to the district level, has been prohibited. All vehicles found traveling between the
areas will be prohibited, except for those carrying government officials and those used for essential
services, such as goods trucks, medical vehicles, and sanitation services. Transportation vehicles
for garment workers, who will have to work through the now-canceled holiday, will be permitted
to ferry workers to and from work, as long as they are registered or have an approval letter from
the Labor Ministry or provincial departments. Additionally, (Heng Sour) spokesperson for the
Labor Ministry, posted on Facebook Wednesday that any workers who flouted the order to
continue working through the holidays would be placed in 14-day quarantine without pay in order
to ensure that there has no infection between province and capital city.

4.The Way to Overcome The COVID19 (By Ho Vouch Eang)

Based on (world health organization, 2020) Minimize watching, reading or listening to news
about COVID-19 that causes you to feel anxious or distressed; seek information only from trusted
sources and mainly so that you can take practical steps to prepare your plans and protect yourself
and loved ones. In addition to various psychological problems like depression, anxiety, and panic
disorder, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused severe threats to the lives and physical health of
people around the globe. (Jianyin Qiu,1,*Bin Shen,2 Min Zhao,1 Zhen Wang,1 Bin Xie,1 and
Yifeng Xucorresponding author1, 2020). Hence, in order helps to overcome the impacts of lock-
down on mental health Mental health. You should take some breaks from reading or watching
related to new story especially social media and come back thinking about your body by exercising
regularly, eat healthy with well balanced meal and get a plenty of sleep, make time to unwind and
keep connection with other (centre of disease control and prevention, 2020). Especially, practice
the suggestion from WHO and ministry of health.

III. Methodology ( by roun panha)

1. Research Tool
In the research questionnaires method tool was used to study of the perspective The
University of Cambodia student about the spread of COVID19 situation in Cambodia and
any Cambodia government respond to reduce the pandemic of COVID19. We divided our
questionnaires in to three section with closed and end-opened question some participate
background information (sex, college, term, place…etc.). Beside of general knowledge
related with COVID19 the root cause of COVID19 and some problem statement and some
strategy forward to reduce or to protect the spread of COVID19. We also informed
respondents that we kept their information anonymous and confidential.
2. Sampling technique
For our quantitative research methods. We chose non-probability called convenience
sampling used to collect our primary data. We decided to do internet online survey by
using social media such as (Telegram, Facebook Messenger, Instagram, Messages, and
Line) by send the link through The University of Cambodia students personal social
media. On this survey I started from June 16 2020 to June 26 2020 that I got 100 people
 who had responded the surveys. Based on the responses that I got from the survey that
help us calculated respondents into the percentage of social media users, for instance; the
percentage of female was higher than male which is 50 (50%) and for male is 47 (47%)
and prefer not to say 3 (3%) So, for the first question, for the temporary close
entertainment venue during the COVID19 outbreak it is a good decision? The general
perspective UC students among 100 people have (10%) Strongly agreed and (61%)
agreed and other (21%) is neutral and also have (6%) Disagree and (2%) is strongly
disagree. So among of 100 people have different concept about our government respond
decided to close entertainment venue for a while to reduce the spread of COVID19. The
second question is that Cambodian people support government decision restriction
movement during COVID19 or cancelled Khmer New Year day. It also among of 100
UC students have different thinking some support and did not support as well. According
to the survey data it shows that (22%) strongly agree and (53%) agree and other (17%) is
neutral (7%) is disagree and have only (1%) that strongly disagree. And the third question
is about The Ministry Education Sport and Youth decided to close school for a while
during the COVID19. Based on the survey of 100 The University of Cambodia students.
They also have different idea but most of the idea is support with the government decision
like (30%) is strongly agree and (48%) is agree and also have neutral (12%) and disagree
only (6%). So all the three question I have raise with survey data it shows that all the UC
student perspective mostly is very satisfy with the government respond during the spread
of COVID19.

3. Analysis technique
Analysis technique were analyzed using a percent of responses. Additionally, we analyzed
data by:
➢ Google form for data collection
➢ Microsoft Excel for data analysis
➢ Analyze data using pie charts and bar graphics, tables and figures
➢ Content analysis for open-ended questions.

IV. Finding ( By chen sorita)

The questionnaire paper was devised into three sections. We gathered the general personal
information of the respondents' background such as gender, term, college and their hometown as
well in the section I. Section II was designed to collect the general information about
government's decision during Covid-19 from UC Students' perspectives. The last section was
about the two questions that wet created to realize for clear information about the participants'
opinions on their understanding on the government's measures in the quarantine and their
individual recommendation on cancelling Khmer New Year in 2020 and effective of closing
entertainment.
Depending on the data, amount total 100 respondents, there were 50 female respondents, 47 male
respondents and the rest preferred to not mention it. Regarding the college, there were 6 students
from the College of Science and Technology, 45 students from College of Social Science, 8
students from college of International Business Management, 4 students from the college of
Tony Fernandez School of Business, 3 students from accounting, 10 students from the college of
law, 11 students from School of Foreign Language, 4 students from School of Creative Arts and
9 participants were the staff who are working at UC. Among these, there were 15 students who
students between term 1 to 3, 67 between term 4 to 6, 18 between term 7 to 9. Moreover, amount
100 participants, there were 46 respondents had their hometown in Phnom Penh and 54
respondents had their hometown in deferent provinces.
Figure I:

According to the results, we had found the most of our participants were satisfied with
government's decision. Comparing all the response, we see that most of them were agree with the
closing school temporary, as we see in the question 2 (Figure 1) there were 48% of students who
were agreed, 30% strongly agreed, 12% neutral and 10% who were not agree with it. This may
probably because of the situation the students are in. Although the students could not go to
school, but the University of Cambodia is practicing E- Leaning that students keep getting the
knowledge outside of a traditional classroom. No matter where you are, you are able to educate
yourself through your smart phone and computer.
Figure II:
Moving on, we got the overall of the causes of the closing entertainment (see Figure 2)
According to the data gathered, we could see the satisfied students were more percentages than
the dissatisfied students. This may probably cause of some students recognize the terrible
situation in Cambodia, there must be any regulations to reduce the affection of serious Covid-19.
If there were no closing entertainments, people would be enjoying with those things even
through in this period of outbreak, so people should prevent their health properly.
Figure III:

Our second section, the supporting of UC students on the cancelling Khmer New Year in 2020
(see the figure 3, questions 5) we can notice, more than half percentages (53%) of the students
who agreed with government's decision to cancelling the celebration.
In the section III of the questionnaire, there were two questions. We gave the university students
open-ended question regarding how they deal or cope with the government's measures. We had
many different answers and opinions. We got the answers from the participants in the question 1,
talking about the measure protected to all Cambodian citizens from the affection. However, there
had many complaining from people dissatisfaction with that during this circumstance. It did not
mean that people could not celebrate Khmer New Year which was our traditional custom, but all
Cambodian family still kept celebration this occasion as individual family. In the other hand,
government already promised to have other days off next time.
Turn to question 2 in section III, the participants shared about the effective of closing
entertainment venues including unemployment in Phnom Penh, effective related with national
budget, Cambodia economic and no place to relax to reduced stress. All the other way on how
UC students were preferred with the strategies due to the real situation and self-quarantining now
can highly reduce the amount of Covid-19 cases in our community and in our country.

V. Discussion (by seang socheata)

The objectives of our research project are to analyze the UC student’s perspective on
government decision during Covid-19. Depend on our surveys and analyses about the
restriction of Covid-19 we have seen that the respondents of cancel Khmer new year were
kept with the agree (53%) and disagree (7%).
Considering of the cancelling Khmer New Year depend on the perspective of our participants
it was wrong for our Khmer culture and traditional, anyway the supporting of UC students on
the cancelling Khmer New Year in 2020 (see the figure 3, questions 5) we can notice, more
than half percentages (53%) of the students who agreed with government's decision to
cancelling the celebration.by the way they also agree and think it suitable for this restricted
and it also a good policy and a good practice for Cambodia people to protecting themselves
from Covid-19 .
Moreover, according to the finding we gave the university students open-ended question
regarding how they deal or cope with the government's measures. However, there had many
complaining from people dissatisfaction with that during this circumstance. and the
participants shared about the effective of closing entertainment venues including
unemployment in Phnom Penh, effective related with national budget, Cambodia economic
and no place to relax to reduced stress. All the other way on how UC students were preferred
with the strategies due to the real situation and self-quarantine now can highly reduce the
amount of Covid-19 cases in our community and in our country.
Regarding to the challenges, it effected to student study because as we know everything it not
easy as reality like with the technology using still limited, internet is so poor for who live at
the province. For the cases of economic is going low by the percentage of unemployment has
increasing, because some of factories and companies were closed. By the way, during this
situation the restriction of government is good and to intent to preventing people, but we also
notice that the level of expending is more than income for Cambodia people, because they
need to supplying in every way.
 VI. Conclusion
We confidently concluded our result of the perspectives of UC students. We are surveying to
explore the perspective of UC students on government restriction during Covid-19. In this
survey, we are trying to understand how UC students feel about government restrictions
during Covid-19 getting outbreaks.
After we are sum Information by researchers, On the basis of the findings, several
conclusions concerning Covid-19 in Cambodia UC student abilities to become an agreed,
Especially the UC student have abilities and responsibilities to study at home and work
online. The findings of this study can promote that UC students and other students have a
standing in security.
Covid-19 in Cambodia have so many challenges and responsibilities such as losing financial,
credit for work.

VII. Recommendation
Although the results are acceptable to generalize, but it remains was established in only few
months with a relatively small sample size and at the University of Cambodia. I am not certainly
assured to say that other universities or other sectors may understand and respond the same way
as our projects was made. For further research, I would like to suggest that there should have
larger size in terms of sampling and up-to-date reference for reliable and accurate information.
As it is a qualitative research that many questions are options-given and open-ended, I highly
recommend future research regarding the mixed methods and useful data.

The Author

CHHOEURNG Thavy is a BA student majoring in International Relation at the University of

Cambodia. My email address is Thavychhoeurng344@gmail.com
VOUCH EANG HO is a BA student majoring in International Relation at the university of
Cambodia. Email address is hovoucheang@gmail.com
SORITA CHEN is a BA student majoring in International Relation at the university of
Cambodia. Email address is sota9268897@gmail.com
CHANREAKSMEY MEN is a BA student majoring in International Relation at the university of
Cambodia. Email address is menchanraksmey5@gmail.com
SOCHEATA SEANG is a BA student majoring in International Relation at the university of
Cambodia. Email address is socheataseang111@gmail.com
PANHA ROUN is a BA student majoring in International Relation at the university of
Cambodia.
Reference
BBC News. (2020, May 16). Retrieved from Coronavirus pandemic: Tracking the global
outbreak: https://www.bbc.com/news/amp/world-51235105
Cambridge Dictionary. (n.d.). Retrieved from COVID19:
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/covid-19
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, April 24). Retrieved from How to Protect
Yourself & Others: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-
sick/prevention.html
Merriam-Webster. (2020, April 27). Retrieved from COVID19: https://www.merriam-
webster.com/dictionary/COVID-19
Milly, E and Dr Sarah, J. (2020, March 2020). Patient. Retrieved from COVID-19: how to
protect yourself against coronavirus: https://patient.info/news-and-features/covid-19-
how-to-protect-yourself-against-coronavirus
Sophie, D. (2020, March 17). GoodRx. Retrieved from What Does COVID-19 Stand For?:
https://www.goodrx.com/blog/what-does-covid-19-mean-who-named-it/
UNESCO. (2020, March 31). Retrieved from UNESCO Cambodia’s support of the Ministry of
Education, Youth and Sport to provide an immediate response to the impact of COVID-
19 on learning: https://en.unesco.org/news/unesco-cambodias-support-ministry-
education-youth-and-sport-provide-immediate-response-impact
World Economic Forum. (2020, April 16). Retrieved from Coronavirus – here’s the public health
advice on how to protect yourself:
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/03/coronavirus-covid-19-advice-health-virus-
disease/
World Health Organization. (2020, April 17). Retrieved from Q&A on coronaviruses (COVID-
19): https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-
answers-hub/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses
World Health Organization. (2020, April 29). Retrieved from Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
advice for the public: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-
2019/advice-for-public

center for disease control and prevention. (2020). Retrieved from Mental Health and Coping
During COVID-19 | CDC: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/daily-life-
coping/managing-stress-anxiety.html
day, j. (2020, april 2). nelsonstar. Retrieved from COVID-19: Interior Health orders closure of
all fitness centres until May 30: https://www.nelsonstar.com/news/covid-19-interior-
health-orders-closure-of-all-fitness-centres-until-may-30/
hunt, l. (2020, april 9). the diplomat. Retrieved from Rising Coronavirus Fears in Cambodia as
Hun Sen Nixes New Year Festivities: https://thediplomat.com/2020/04/rising-
coronavirus-fears-in-cambodia-as-hun-sen-nixes-new-year-festivities/
Jianyin Qiu, Bin Shen, Min Zhao, Zhen Wang, Bin Xie,and Yifeng Xu. (2020, march 6).
National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Retrieved from A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in
the COVID-19 epidemic: implications and policy recommendations:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7061893/
khmertime. (2020, march 8). Retrieved from COVID-19, closing all schools in Siem Reap may
send wrong signals to citizens and investors, tourists alike:
https://www.khmertimeskh.com/699336/covid-19-closing-all-schools-in-siem-reap-may-
send-wrong-signals-to-citizens-and-investors-tourists-alike/
KHMERTIMES. (2020, APRIL 18). Retrieved from Government extends school closures “until
further notice” to fight COVID-19 pandemic:
https://www.khmertimeskh.com/50714542/government-extends-school-closures-until-
further-notice-to-fight-covid-19-pandemic/
Narin sun, khemera sok. (2020, march 16). voice of american. Retrieved from Cambodia
Announces Nationwide School Closures as COVID Response Ramps Up:
https://www.voacambodia.com/a/cambodia-announces-nationwide-school-closures-
covid-response-ramps-up-/5330402.html
National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine, . (n.d.).
Retrieved from A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in
the COVID-19 epidemic: implications and policy recommendations:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7061893/
sun, N. (2020, april 9). voice of american. Retrieved from Gov’t Bans Travel Between Provinces
for One Week; Cites Factory Workers’ Plans to Travel for Holidays:
https://www.voacambodia.com/a/govt-bans-travel-between-provinces-for-one-week-
cites-factory-workers-plans-to-travel-for-holidays/5365932.html
the government singapore. (2020, march 13). Retrieved from Updates on the COVID-19
situation in Singapore: https://www.gov.sg/features/covid-19
the ministry education youth and sport. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://www.facebook.com/moeys.gov.kh/posts/3510247072335215
the ministry of health singapore. (2020, may 9). Retrieved from IMPLEMENTING
SAFEENTRY AND SAFE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES:
 https://www.moh.gov.sg/news-highlights/details/implementing-safeentry-and-safe-
management-practices
the monetary authority of singapore. (2020). Retrieved from MAS' Response to COVID-19:
https://www.mas.gov.sg/regulation/covid-19
UNICIEF. (n.d.). Retrieved from Cleaning and hygiene tips to help keep the COVID-19 virus out
of your home: https://www.unicef.org/coronavirus/cleaning-and-hygiene-tips-help-keep-
coronavirus-covid-19-out-your-home
world health organization. (2020, march 18). Retrieved from Mental health and psychosocial
considerations during the: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/mental-
health-considerations.pdf
xinhua. (2020, may 13). Retrieved from Cambodia closes karaoke clubs, cinemas to curb
COVID-19 spread: http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-03/17/c_138887879.htm