Faculty of Applied Arts

Furniture Design& Sciences

Program

wood
Properties
Dr. Doaa Abdel Rahman

Lecturer 4
 Advantages ‫مميزات‬
and disadvantages of wood ‫وعيوب‬
• Advantages of wood :
• Wood is easy to handle and operate, the most important
advantages of wood:
1- Variety of different types shapes and color .
2- The beauty of natural shape .
3-High flexibility, resistance and durability.
4- The ease of cutting in the required
shapes, and the ease of connecting
pieces to obtain the required product.
 Advantages of wood :
5-Possibility of repair of damaged wood pieces.
6-Make full use of wood waste such as sawdust and
others.
7- Light weight, ease of carrying and transport.
8- Thermal insulation, sound and electricity.
9-It is very bitter when used in conditions
that are far from the harmful effects of
wood .
• Wood disadvantages ( defects) and treatment:
1. Deflation , shrinkage ‫ االنكماش‬-1 :
Wood is not a homogeneous material and therefore during
drying it shrinks at different rates depending on the
direction of the fibers.
1- Very little shrinkage in the parallel direction of the
length axis .
2- Very little shrinkage in
The radiative direction.
3- Much shrinkage vertical
On the direction of annual
rings .
• Treatment ‫ عالجه‬:
• By scanning the wood afterwards, some of them
continue to contract after the survey must be known
and only become no operational.
• Wood nodes ‫ العقد الخشبية‬:
• The nodes are spread in softwoods such as white wood.
The node is the place where the branch is connected to the
trunk, and it is known that it may separate during work
and therefore must be removed, They are two types:
• 1- Live nodes ‫العقد الحية‬:
• They are traces of branches buried within the trunk of the
tree during the growth process. They appear as oval or
circles shapes that are darker than the color of the wood
itself. Examples include: pine wood.
• 2- Dead nodes ‫ العقد الميتة‬:
The result of a dry branch is dead and surrounded by
trunk fibers. This defect is one of the serious defects not
only the shape, but the construction, this leads to the
weakness of wood.
• Treatment ‫ عالجها‬:
• If the node is alive and fit there is no risk. If it is dead
and it is about to be separated from the wood, it is better
to remove it, and replace it with a solid wooden cylinder
and glue.
Types of wood nodes
3- Cracking ‫ التشقق‬:
It is very dangerous as it leads to the breakdown of the
wood and the breakdown of the fibers both during and
after operation. It is caused by a disturbance in growth or
due to an error in the drying process .
There are two types:
1- Radiation cracking. 2- Linear cracking.
Treatment: Cut the parts that show those cracks, but if
extended in the whole wood is useless to use.
• 4 - Infestation of mold and insects:
:‫ اإلصابة بالعفن و الحشرات‬- •
• Two types: A - Injury to blue or black mold: It results from
the decomposition of the interstitial materials in the tree,
and color the wood in an irreversible manner. Does not
affect the wood except in terms of shape and hardness is not
affected B - Injury to fungi or insects: They damage the
wood and make them lose their hardness and become
unusable.
• Treatment:
• With chemical solutions that
stop insect activity. Rotting
stains can be removed by
oxygen water and a few ammonia
• Burns ‫ الحروق‬:
• We find some pieces of coal permeate the wood cells, it
happens when the tree is exposed to the fire and thus
become infected and continue to grow then surround
the fibers that burning part and appear when cutting.
• Treatment
• : Exclude those parts because they weaken the wood
• And reduce its hardness.
• 6. Peel fiber ‫ تقشر األلياف‬:
• Separation of fibers Part of the wood and its height
above its original surface. It results from an error in
shredding or excessive drying. And makes the
scanning process impossible when the survey was
increased fiber more.
• - Treatment: If the peeling is severe, it is removed
by the problem
• 7- Sprain ‫ االلتواء‬:
• The branches are twisted due to the intensity of wind
movement when the tree is small.
8- Aging: :‫الشيخوخة‬-
• Where the heart of the tree becomes hollow and
damages part of Wood of the tree due to the delay of
cutting the tree About the right time.

9- Slaughter: ‫التخوخ‬
• A layer of wood has no hardness between the layers
of the heart that damage the properties of wood, and
result from the severity of the cold.
• Selection of wood ‫اختيار الخشب‬:
• The following points are taken into consideration when
picking wood :
1- The level of the surface should be non-twisting,
regular, homogeneous color and fibers, free of caries and
peach, and be free of nodes as far as possible. The node
shall not exceed 2 cm for wood for fine industry and 4 cm
for wood using for glazing.
2. It should be free from cracking.
3. It should not be crooked (Sprained ) due to air storms
on the tree.
4 - The color of wood must be from the outside like its
color from the inside and if it violates it indicates a
weakness in the tree